Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN最新文献_第4页

Effects of sleep on sarcopenia in individuals with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review 睡眠对代谢综合征患者肌肉疏松症的影响：系统综述

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102483

I. de Frutos-Galindo , D. Catalina-Palomares , P. Yubero-García , L. Botella-Juan , D. Vargas-Caraballo-Lockwood , A. Marcos-Delgado , T. Fernández-Villa

{"title":"Effects of sleep on sarcopenia in individuals with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review","authors":"I. de Frutos-Galindo , D. Catalina-Palomares , P. Yubero-García , L. Botella-Juan , D. Vargas-Caraballo-Lockwood , A. Marcos-Delgado , T. Fernández-Villa","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome are present in a large percentage of the elderly population throughout the world. Much of its management is focused on primary prevention, and considering that sleep disturbances also accompany the same aging process associated with these two pathologies, we propose a relationship between sleep impairment and the development of sarcopenia in individuals with metabolic syndrome. A search was carried out in databases following he PRISMA scheme, obtaining fifteen studies. As for the main results: four of eight studies referring to sleep duration relate more than nine hours of sleep with an increased risk of sarcopenia, three of the five studies relate poorer sleep quality with worse body composition data or increased risk of sarcopenia and two studies related late chronotype with a higher risk of sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome. After analyzing the disparity of outcomes, it is necessary to homogenize methodologies to compare the different results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 102483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aproximación práctica del paciente con hipercolesterolemia en España. Documento de posicionamiento de SEMERGEN 西班牙高胆固醇患者的实用方法。SEMERGEN定位文件

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102460

S. Cinza-Sanjurjo , V. Pallarés-Carratalá , A. Díaz Rodríguez , D. Fierro-González , M. Turégano-Yedro , J. Polo-García

{"title":"Aproximación práctica del paciente con hipercolesterolemia en España. Documento de posicionamiento de SEMERGEN","authors":"S. Cinza-Sanjurjo , V. Pallarés-Carratalá , A. Díaz Rodríguez , D. Fierro-González , M. Turégano-Yedro , J. Polo-García","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypercholesterolemia, specifically the increase in the set of lipoproteins containing apolipoproteinB and, in particular, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), together with the decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) constitute the etiopathogenic basis of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Multiple clinical trials have shown that lowering LDL-C by lipid-lowering therapy is associated with a significant decrease in the risk of vascular complications. Thus, LDL-C is the main therapeutic target in patients with dyslipidemia. Unfortunately, current LDL-C control figures are still very low, partly due to insufficient intensification of lipid-lowering therapy, but also due to the need for new tools to achieve these goals. This paper reviews the different lipid-lowering treatment options, including the latest available therapies, and provides a practical approach to achieving LDL-C control goals in patients with hypercholesterolemia, as well as in different patient subgroups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 102460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription and the risk of hospitalization and death in COVID-19 outpatients 尼马特瑞韦/利托那韦处方与COVID-19门诊患者住院和死亡风险

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102461

H.R. Vargas-Sánchez , J.C. Tomás-López , E. Guzmán-Medina , A. Alarcón-López , E. Krug-Llamas , E. Arizmendi-Uribe , H. Domínguez-Zárate , J.E. Fernández-Gárate , I.J. Ascencio-Montiel

{"title":"Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription and the risk of hospitalization and death in COVID-19 outpatients","authors":"H.R. Vargas-Sánchez , J.C. Tomás-López , E. Guzmán-Medina , A. Alarcón-López , E. Krug-Llamas , E. Arizmendi-Uribe , H. Domínguez-Zárate , J.E. Fernández-Gárate , I.J. Ascencio-Montiel","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is an oral combination of antiviral drugs used to treat the COVID-19. In this study we evaluated the risk of hospitalization and death, comparing COVID-19 patients who received and did not receive ambulatory nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A two-group comparative study was carried out using data from the Mexican Institute of Social Security medical information systems. We analyzed of 83,348 ambulatory patients aged 18 years old and over and with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the period from September 12th, 2022, to September 30th, 2023. Of them, 27,437 received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription (32.9%) and 55,911 did not (67.1%). We compared the 60-day COVID-19 related hospitalization and all-cause death risk among groups using a multivariate Poisson regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 60-day COVID-19 related hospitalization and all-cause death combined incidence was 0.13% in the patients who received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and 0.26% among the cases who did not receive the prescription. In the multivariate model, after adjusting for age, sex, and previous medical conditions such as chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease, the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription was associated with a decrease in 60-day hospitalization and death, with an adjusted risk ratio of 0.52 (95% confidence interval from 0.36 to 0.75).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our data supports that nirmatrelvir/ritonavir prescription is associated with a risk reduction of 60-day COVID-19 related hospitalization and death, in outpatients with COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Una mirada optimista hacia el presente futurista: la IA al servicio de la Atención Primaria 对未来的乐观展望：为初级保健服务的人工智能

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102450

Albert Bellvert Rios

引用次数: 0

Conjuntivitis hemorrágica aguda como manifestación ocular en un caso de infección por sarampión pese a vacunación adecuada 尽管接种了适当的疫苗，但作为麻疹感染的眼部表现的急性出血性结膜炎

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102472

R. García Risco, P. Buck Espel, A. Arnaiz Camacho, P. García Valentín, M.A. Zapata Victori

引用次数: 0

Mujer con hiperamilasemia, prurito y eccema generalizado 患有高血友病、瘙痒和广泛性湿疹的妇女

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102456

S. Labrador-Descalzo , S. Cué Herreria , M. Valle-Coca

引用次数: 0

Modelo de predicción clínica validado para mortalidad por COVID-19 en pacientes hospitalizados. ¿Qué es lo verdaderamente importante? 住院患者COVID-19死亡率的有效临床预测模型。真正重要的是什么？

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102471

I. Iniesta Hernández , H. Madrona Rodríguez , O. Redondo González , M. Torralba González de Suso

{"title":"Modelo de predicción clínica validado para mortalidad por COVID-19 en pacientes hospitalizados. ¿Qué es lo verdaderamente importante?","authors":"I. Iniesta Hernández , H. Madrona Rodríguez , O. Redondo González , M. Torralba González de Suso","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop and validate a clinical prediction model aimed at improving resource management and determining the prognosis of patients hospitalized with COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective, single-center cohort study conducted at the University Hospital of Guadalajara, including 1,043 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between March and May 2020. Data were extracted from hospital records and anonymized. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and therapeutic variables were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Logistic regression and Cox models were employed to evaluate mortality predictors. Validation was conducted by comparing ROC curves.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of the patients was 70.4years (P25-P75: 59-84), with 59.2% being male, and a mortality rate of 23.2%. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (54.8%), dyslipidemia (36.3%), and diabetes (27.1%). Independent predictors of mortality included age over 80years (OR: 6.18), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 2.35), oxygen saturation <90% (OR: 1.7), multilobar pneumonia (OR: 2.4), and elevated LDH levels (OR: 1.2). The area under the curve (AUC) for the derivation model was 0.805 (<em>P</em>  <.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Advanced age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, low oxygen saturation, multilobar pneumonia, and elevated LDH levels are significantly associated with increased mortality risk. The validated predictive model enables classification of patients into high- or low-risk groups, thereby facilitating improved clinical decision-making and resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 2","pages":"Article 102471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efectividad y seguridad de nirmatrelvir + ritonavir en la Covid-19. Estudio NiRCoV nirmatrelvir +利托那韦在COVID -19中的有效性和安全性。研究NiRCoV

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102462

V.M. González-Rodríguez , M.J. Hernández-Arroyo , C. Rodríguez-Barrueco , S. Corredera-Blanco , M. Romero-Sanabria , A. García-Ortiz

{"title":"Efectividad y seguridad de nirmatrelvir + ritonavir en la Covid-19. Estudio NiRCoV","authors":"V.M. González-Rodríguez , M.J. Hernández-Arroyo , C. Rodríguez-Barrueco , S. Corredera-Blanco , M. Romero-Sanabria , A. García-Ortiz","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the effectiveness and potential safety concerns of Nirmatrelvir + ritonavir (NMV-r) (Paxlovid®) in adults with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease at high risk of progression.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Descriptive cross-sectional observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Castilla y León, Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>134 patients ≥18 years old with COVID-19 at high risk of progression to severe disease, who were treated between June and September 2022 with NMV-r.</div></div><div><h3>Main measurements</h3><div>The most relevant drug interactions with concomitant medication were obtained from pharmaceutical validation records. From the monitoring of hospital admissions and deaths in the 28 days following the start of treatment, information regarding the effectiveness of the treatment was obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>57.5% were women, the average age±SD was 69.7±17.1, 68.0% received NMV-r in the first two days of the start of symptoms, 74.6% were at home, and 95.7% were vaccinated. The main risk condition for disease progression was being immunocompromised (74.5%), followed by being >65 years old, vaccinated, but with risk factors (21.2%). A total of 62.9% had relevant interactions, with an average±SD of 1.7±1.0 per patient. 2.2% required hospital admission and 3.0% died.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NMV-r has been effective in preventing severe forms of COVID-19 and hospital admissions in at-risk populations with a high vaccination rate. The prevalence of potential interactions is high, however, collaboration between family physicians and pharmacists allows NMV-r to be used safely.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dificultades percibidas en atención primaria en el abordaje de los cuidados paliativos 初级保健在姑息治疗方面的困难

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102457

P. Dopico , C. Cervera , P. Ramallal , A. Balayo , P. Gil , L. Arce , L. Arias-Fernández

{"title":"Dificultades percibidas en atención primaria en el abordaje de los cuidados paliativos","authors":"P. Dopico , C. Cervera , P. Ramallal , A. Balayo , P. Gil , L. Arce , L. Arias-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Describe the difficulties perceived by Primary Care health professionals in approaching Palliative Care and their association with sociodemographic and work characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study was conducted over a sample of 224 primary care workers (doctors and nurses). Perceived difficulties were assessed by means of Palliative Care Difficulties Scale (PCDS), a validated scale that includes five items: team communication, patient and family communication, Palliative Care team support, relief of symptoms and coordination with the community. Sociodemographic and employment characteristics were collected with self-administered questionnaires. To explore the differences in PCDS scale scores according to socio-occupational characteristics, Student's T-test was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Perceived difficulty was moderate (mean score [standard deviation]: 41.7 [8.61]). Specifically, communication with the team, symptom relief and coordination between care levels reported greater perceived difficulty (8.10 [2.46]; 9.90 [2.67] and 10.1 [2.71], respectively). Being over 40years old, a nursing degree, work experience <15years and poor perception of the approach and knowledge of Palliative Care were associated with greater perceived difficulty (<em>P</em>  <!-->.05). 79% of the participants expressed a need for training in Palliative Care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Primary Care professionals have moderate difficulty in approaching Palliative Care, especially in communication between the team, symptom relief, and coordination in the community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indicadores bioquímicos y cardiovasculares asociados a la fuerza prensil manual en niños y adolescentes. Una revisión de alcance 与儿童和青少年手前力相关的生化和心血管指标。范围审查

IF 0.9

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102459

J. Martínez-Torres , J.A. Gallo-Villegas , D.C. Aguirre-Acevedo

{"title":"Indicadores bioquímicos y cardiovasculares asociados a la fuerza prensil manual en niños y adolescentes. Una revisión de alcance","authors":"J. Martínez-Torres , J.A. Gallo-Villegas , D.C. Aguirre-Acevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Handgrip strength is an indicator of the biological health of children and adolescents. The review's objective is to identify the biochemical and cardiovascular indicators related to handgrip strength. A scoping review was developed, in which the search was conducted in Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scielo, and Sportdiscus from EBSCO. Original research was included if it involved handgrip strength and biochemical or cardiovascular indicators. In the initial search, 15,198 records were identified in databases. 31 studies were selected for this review. These reports identified 36 indicators (29 biochemical and 7 cardiovascular) that had been analyzed for their association with hand grip strength. Blood pressure (n=10; 32.3%) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (n=7; 22.5%) were the most frequently studied characteristics. In the biochemical indicators, a pattern was found in which handgrip strength had a proportional relationship with HDL levels and an inversely proportional relationship with various cardiometabolic scores. No relationship patterns were found in the cardiovascular indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 102459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0