Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN最新文献

{"title":"Presentación atípica de mononucleosis infecciosa en Atención Primaria","authors":"R. Damián-García , E. Martín-Riobóo , R.Á. Castro Jiménez","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atención centrada en el paciente: una propuesta de implementación del Plan Anticipado de Atención en Salud (PAS) en trastornos neurocognitivos desde la medicina de familia","authors":"N.A. Castellanos Quiroga,&nbsp;E.H. Hernández Rincón,&nbsp;M.C. Barrios Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the increasing older adult population and the high prevalence of neurocognitive disorders hace led to a significant demographic shift, resulting in greater functional dependence and challenges in end – of – life decision – making. In response to this reality, the importance of Advance Care Planning (ACP) is emphasized as a key strategy to ensure that medical management aligns with patient preferences.</div><div>This study aims to analyze ACP from a family medicine perspective, identifying its benefits, barriers and implementation strategies in patients with neurocognitive disorders though an application protocol based on person – centered care and a holistic approach. Through a narrative review, 27 articles on ACP in primary care were selected. The main stakeholders identified include the patient, the surrogate decision maker, and the family physician. Furthermore, the study proposes the development of a protocol to facilitate the integration of ACP into routine medical consultations, ensuring its incorporation into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteomielitis en pie diabético tras paroniquia: un caso clínico en atención primaria","authors":"F.J. Pérez Hernández ,&nbsp;E.M. Morales Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respuesta a la carta al director referida al «Estudio NiRCoV». ¿Un punto de partida?","authors":"V.M. González-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;M.J. Hernández-Arroyo ,&nbsp;C. Rodríguez-Barrueco ,&nbsp;S. Corredera-Blanco ,&nbsp;M. Romero-Sanabria ,&nbsp;A. García-Ortiz","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Documento de consenso sobre la COVID-19 de la Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN). Situación actual. Posicionamiento de SEMERGEN en 2025","authors":"J. Cabrera Gómez ,&nbsp;E. Navarro Matías ,&nbsp;L. Ginel Mendoza ,&nbsp;A. Cano Espín ,&nbsp;Á. Morán Bayón ,&nbsp;V. Martín Sánchez ,&nbsp;A. Serrano-Cumplido","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is currently one of the most frequent reasons for consultation in Primary Care.</div><div>A practical document is necessary that establishes the general lines of action against this infection, from Family and Community Medicine, both in prevention and in the care of patients and relatives</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De la escopeta al colon","authors":"M. Llanos Casado ,&nbsp;S. Viñayo Zumalacárregui ,&nbsp;M.P. Aguilar Bono ,&nbsp;A. Hurtado Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead pellets are commonly used in Spain as ammunition for shotguns in small-game hunting; these pellets are made from alloys of lead and other metals. The pellets often remain embedded in the meat of hunted animals, which are subsequently consumed as food. While these pellets are usually excreted without complications, they can occasionally remain in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially leading to issues such as perforations, inflammation from a foreign body reaction, or lead absorption and associated chronic intoxication. This report presents the case of a patient with multiple pellets retained in the colon, identified during an evaluation for groin pain associated with changes in bowel habits and elevated blood lead levels beyond the normal range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 7","pages":"Article 102507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fronteras","authors":"M. Lalueza Cosculluela","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102521","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of CrossFit® training in adults with obese or overweight: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","authors":"N. Blanco-Martínez ,&nbsp;D. González-Devesa ,&nbsp;M.A. Sanchez-Lastra ,&nbsp;J.C. Diz-Gómez ,&nbsp;C. Ayán-Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine and critically analyze evidence on the effects of CrossFit® in individuals with overweight or obesity. A search was conducted in four databases (Scopus, WOS, SPORTDiscus, and MEDLINE/PubMed) covering publications from their inception to November 2024. Ten RCTs were analyzed. CrossFit® groups showed significant reductions in weight [six studies; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->161; Hedges’ <em>g</em>: −0.76 (95%CI: −1.51, −0.02); <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.008] and body mass index (BMI) [five studies; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->61; Hedges’ <em>g</em>: −0.71 (95%CI: −1.45, 0.02); <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.007]. However, changes in weight [six studies; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->320; 93% men; Hedges’ <em>g</em>: 1.55 (95%CI: −0.66, 3.76); <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.071] and BMI [five studies; <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->120; Hedges’ <em>g</em>: 1.24 (95%CI: −0.81, 3.29); <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.094] were not significantly different compared to control groups. CrossFit® is a feasible option for improving body composition, metabolic health, and cardiorespiratory fitness in this population. However, its impact on blood pressure is inconclusive, and its effects on weight and BMI are comparable to traditional exercise modalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum spexin in first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"M.S. Abdel Salam ,&nbsp;E. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;S.M. Abdel-Kareem ,&nbsp;E.G. Khidr","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Genetic defects significantly contribute to diabetes development, especially in genetically predisposed individuals. First-degree relatives (FDRs) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients face an increased risk of developing diabetes. Spexin, a novel neuropeptide, is emerging as a key player in metabolic diseases due to its role in energy homeostasis. This study aims to evaluate, for the first time, serum spexin levels in normoglycemic FDRs of T2D patients, compared to T2D and healthy controls. It also investigates the relationship between spexin levels, insulin resistance, and metabolic parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety participants were included: 30 with T2D, 35 normoglycemic FDRs of T2D patients, and 25 healthy controls. Serum spexin levels were measured using ELISA, along with and glycemic parameters, lipid profiles, and insulin resistance markers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Spexin levels were significantly lower in FDRs compared to controls and even lower in T2D patients, indicating a progressive decline from healthy individuals to those with T2D. Spexin levels negatively correlated with BMI, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, but positively correlated with HDL-C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lower spexin levels in FDRs of T2D patients may be associated with a higher risk of developing T2D. Spexin levels showed statistically significant negative correlations with key metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, including BMI (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.302), triglycerides (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.464), total cholesterol (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.524), fasting insulin (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.703), and HOMA-IR (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.565), suggesting that reduced spexin may reflect or contribute to worsening metabolic health and insulin resistance. Monitoring spexin could be useful for identifying individuals at higher risk for T2D and related metabolic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación de la eficacia y concordancia entre atención primaria y especializada en el tratamiento de queratosis actínicas mediante terapia fotodinámica luz de día monitorizado por teledermatología","authors":"E. Almazan-Delgado ,&nbsp;A. Medina-Cobos ,&nbsp;M. Cebolla-Verdugo ,&nbsp;J. Garzón-Aguilar ,&nbsp;C. Llamas-Segura ,&nbsp;R. Ruiz-Villaverde","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Daylight photodynamic therapy (DL-PDT) is an established option for the treatment of actinic keratoses (AK). In this context, teledermatology has emerged as a promising tool for the follow-up of dermatological patients. This study evaluates the concordance between in-person and teledermatological assessments in the management of AK using DL-PDT.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A prospective observational pilot study was conducted on 12 patients treated with DL-PDT. In-person and telematic evaluations were compared regarding the number and severity of lesions, pain, inflammation, efficacy, and cosmetic outcomes. Pearson's correlation coefficients and Cohen's kappa index were used to measure concordance.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>The study population consisted predominantly of men (91.7%) with a mean age of 73.9 years. Lesions were located on the scalp (66.7%) and cheeks (33.3%). In-person and teledermatological assessments showed highly similar results for the number of grade I and II lesions (4.4 vs. 4.3 and 1.9 vs. 2.0, respectively). Pain and inflammation, evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), were minimal during and after treatment (maximum 1.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.5 points). The cosmetic outcome was excellent, with a mean score of 9.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.9. The concordance between both assessment modalities was perfect (Pearson's correlation coefficient and Cohen's kappa index of 1.000).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Teledermatology is a reliable tool for the follow-up of AK treated with DL-PDT, demonstrating results equivalent to in-person evaluation. This supports its implementation in clinical practice, particularly in cases where in-person access is limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}