Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN最新文献

{"title":"Obesidad metabólicamente sana y riesgo cardiovascular: análisis de escalas de riesgo en una amplia cohorte poblacional","authors":"M. García Samuelsson ,&nbsp;P.J. Tárraga López ,&nbsp;A.A. López González ,&nbsp;C. Busquets-Cortés ,&nbsp;J. Obrador de Hevia ,&nbsp;J.I. Ramírez Manent","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) describes obese individuals without evident metabolic disturbances. However, its relationship with cardiovascular risk remains controversial.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess cardiovascular risk using different risk scores among MHO individuals compared to metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) and normal-weight subjects in a large cohort of Spanish workers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study including 68,884 obese workers (45,498 men and 23,386 women). MHO and MUO were classified according to NCEP-ATP<!--> <!-->III criteria. Cardiovascular risk was estimated using SCORE2, REGICOR, ERICE, DORICA, vascular age, and avoidable years of life lost.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MHO individuals exhibited a better risk profile than MUO subjects but significantly worse than normal-weight individuals. Across all evaluated scores, MUO individuals showed the highest risk values, particularly among men. Lower educational attainment, low social class, physical inactivity, and smoking were independently associated with increased cardiovascular risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although considered intermediate risk, MHO is not a clinically benign phenotype. Targeted preventive strategies are necessary to reduce the progression toward metabolically unhealthy states in this subgroup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome-centric nutritional strategies in inflammatory bowel disease: Modulating dysbiosis for therapeutic benefit","authors":"D. Fetarayani ,&nbsp;A. Vidyani ,&nbsp;H. Sutanto","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, arises from complex interactions among genetics, immunity, environmental triggers, and, critically, the gut microbiome. Dysbiosis – marked by a loss of beneficial microbes and expansion of pro-inflammatory taxa – plays a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis. This review highlights the central role of gut microbiota in IBD and explores evidence-based nutritional interventions aimed at restoring microbial balance and immune regulation. Dietary fiber, prebiotics, and fermented foods promote short-chain fatty acid production and barrier integrity, while omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols modulate inflammatory pathways. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), especially in Crohn's disease, alters microbial profiles and reduces mucosal inflammation. Targeted micronutrient supplementation addresses common deficiencies impacting immune function. Through the lens of microbiota modulation, dietary therapy emerges not merely as supportive care, but as a primary therapeutic tool in IBD management. Microbiome-directed nutrition offers promising adjunctive strategies to induce and maintain remission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enfermedad hepática esteatósica y obesidad: importancia del cribado y tratamiento por parte del médico de familia","authors":"N. Fontanillas Garmilla ,&nbsp;S. Fernández Jorde ,&nbsp;M.F. García Román ,&nbsp;A.B. García Garrido","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102553","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 7","pages":"Article 102553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alergia a la penicilina: dificultades y resistencias para el desetiquetado en atención primaria","authors":"A. Bellvert Ríos ,&nbsp;C. Albaladejo Blanco ,&nbsp;J. Sánchez de Vicente","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unas curiosas placas dianiformes en mujer de fototipo V: Trichophyton mentagrophytes genotipo VIII/ T. indotineae","authors":"J. Molina-Espinosa,&nbsp;P.J. Ezomo-Gervilla,&nbsp;R. Ruiz-Villaverde","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 7","pages":"Article 102549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimación de grasa corporal de una población con diabetes de un área de salud mediante fórmula Clínica Universitaria de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator [CUN-BAE]","authors":"J.M. Iturralde-Iriso ,&nbsp;J. Guinea-Castanares ,&nbsp;I.N. Elizondo-Pinillos","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To perform a descriptive analysis of a population diagnosed with DM2 in Alava, to correlate the CUN-BAE and BMI formulas and to analyse the use of GLP-1 analogue.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational study. We included the type 2 diabetic population of Alava, over 18 years of age with BMI recorded in their clinical history in the last 2 years, the data were collected from the OBID database.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1,3705 patients were analysed, 56.4% men and 43.6% women. The mean age was 69.18 years. Mean BMI in men was 29.12 (SD 4.79) kg/m2 and in women 29.88 (SD 6) kg/m2. The CUN-BAE in men was 32.15 (SD 5.29) and in women 44.29 (SD 5.5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>41% of the population analysed by BMI would be considered obese, while with CUN-BAE 95.2% of men and 93.2% of women would be considered obese. Further studies are needed to make a more accurate estimation with CUN-BAE in other breeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 7","pages":"Article 102548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological and reporting quality of Clinical Practice Guidelines for prenatal care on nutritional counselling in high-income countries: A systematic review","authors":"M.M. Rivas-Arquillo ,&nbsp;M.R. Román-Gálvez ,&nbsp;C. Amezcua-Prieto ,&nbsp;A. Bueno-Cavanillas ,&nbsp;K.S. Khan ,&nbsp;N. Cano-Ibáñez","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the methodological and reporting quality of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for prenatal care from high-income countries (HIC) on nutritional counselling.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following registration in PROSPERO (CRD42023397756), searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar covered the last decade. CPGs for prenatal care from HIC with nutritional counselling, without language restriction, were selected. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently conducted in duplicate, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. The methodological and reporting quality was evaluated in institutional CPGs and professional societies using the AGREE II tool (score range 22–161), while reporting quality was evaluated with RIGHT tool (score range 0–35).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2177 citations were screened, resulting in 18 CPGs recommendations on nutritional counselling (published 2014–2024), primarily from Europe (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->11, 61.1%) and the USA (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2, 11.1%). High-quality CPGs were 6 (33.4%) using AGREE II (Spain, Australia, UK-NICE, U.S.A.-ACOG, WHO, and Denmark) and 4 (22.2%) using RIGHT (Spain, Australia, UK-NICE, and WHO). The AGREE II and RIGHT observed score ranges were 51.5–145 and 7.5–28, respectively. Mean scores for institutional CPGs were higher than those for professional societies (AGREE 107.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->26.8 vs. 86.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->26.1, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0218; RIGHT 19.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->6.2 vs. 14.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->6.1, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0201). A positive correlation was observed between AGREE II and RIGHT scores (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.94).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The methodological and reporting quality of CPGs for prenatal care with nutritional counselling from HIC varied with institutional CPGs scoring significantly better than those from professional societies. These findings underscore the need for standardized development and reporting of CPGs to ensure clear, actionable, and evidence-based nutritional advice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 7","pages":"Article 102550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respuesta a la carta al editor de González-Rodríguez y cols. sobre comentarios al «Documento de consenso sobre la COVID-19 de la Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN). Situación actual. Posicionamiento de SEMERGEN en 2025»","authors":"J. Cabrera Gómez ,&nbsp;A. Serrano-Cumplido ,&nbsp;V. Martín Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102556","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 7","pages":"Article 102556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteraciones iónicas severas asociadas al uso crónico de inhibidores de la bomba de protones: un caso clínico en Atención Primaria","authors":"J. Cuesta Miyares","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 6","pages":"Article 102558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Síndrome de Ekbom, la importancia de reconocerlo","authors":"R. Moreno Moreno ,&nbsp;C. Guerrero Martínez ,&nbsp;I. Piñero del Rosario","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 8","pages":"Article 102569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}