Current Pollution Reports最新文献

{"title":"Defining Mechanistic Pathways for Anthropogenic Noise Impact on Avian Species","authors":"Margret S. Engel,&nbsp;Robert J. Young,&nbsp;William J. Davies,&nbsp;David Waddington,&nbsp;Michael D. Wood","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00303-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00303-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review collates and analyses data on noise exposure of birds in relation to avian hearing system performance. It provides new insights into the mechanistic pathways of anthropogenic noise impact on avian species.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Noise impacts both humans and wildlife. Birds are of conservation concern, given the recent reports of major global declines in bird populations and that one in eight bird species is threatened with extinction. Studies of noise impacts on birds have been, and continue to be, published. Whilst many of these studies report associations between noise and a response in birds, relatively few provide clear demonstration of the mechanisms of impact.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>Anatomical and physiological datasets were compiled for species representing nineteen avian orders. Information on noise sources, propagation path and habitat selection was also collated. Bird order was not a good predictor of bird hearing frequencies, but body dimensions were. In general, smaller birds were found to have higher peak hearing frequencies than larger birds. Cranium height was the strongest predictor of peak hearing frequency for birds. These findings provide mechanistic context to noise impacts on birds and a potential basis for predicting responses of avian species to different noise environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 2","pages":"247 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-024-00303-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocatalytic Functionalities of Lignin Peroxidase-Based Systems in Lignin Depolymerization and Pollutants Removal from Environmental Matrices","authors":"Anil Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente,&nbsp;Jens Ejbye Schmidt,&nbsp;Grzegorz Boczkaj,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00310-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00310-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>In the presented review, we have summarized and highlighted recent developments in the use of lignin peroxidase (LiP) to remove a variety of pollutants from water matrices. The high redox potential of LiP is underlined by its excellent catalytic functionalities in the elimination of pharmaceuticals, phenolics, dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and other miscellaneous pollutants. LiP-based computational frameworks for theoretical bioremediation of multiple pollutants have also been discussed, which have prompted a rise in scientific interest.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>According to current studies, both free and immobilized LiPs are biocatalysts capable of efficient pollutant degradation and LMW transformation. Some immobilized LiP preparations demonstrated excellent recyclability, enabling its reusability in multiple catalytic cycles. Additionally, computational degradability makes it easier to comprehend the mechanisms underlying the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>The capacity of LiP to cleave C–C and C–O–C bonds has led to its widespread application as a biocatalyst. Its outstanding potential to catalyze oxidative cleavage has been effectively used in the remediation of pollutants without needing mediators. Nevertheless, we brought attention to the current LiP system in pollutants remediation and computational framework, which has generated a significant rise in scientific interest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 3","pages":"345 - 361"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-024-00310-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin, Structural Characteristics, and Health Effects of Atmospheric Soot Particles: A Review","authors":"Rui Tang,&nbsp;Jing Shang,&nbsp;Xinghua Qiu,&nbsp;Jicheng Gong,&nbsp;Tao Xue,&nbsp;Tong Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00307-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00307-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review summarizes the current knowledge (definition, source, formation, structure, chemical composition, and health effects) about atmospheric soot particles and aims to analyze their health effects combined with their structural characteristics.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>The new understanding of soot microstructure (analogous to reduced graphene oxide (RGO)) suggests the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs) in carbonaceous core (CC) of soot, which may enhance its health effects. Toxicological studies have proved that the two major components (CC and outer coating) both contribute to soot toxicity, but there is still controversy over who is playing the main role. Recently, there are many studies questioning the past experimental results. The bioavailability of the outer coating bound on CC is particularly pointed out to be taken into account for soot toxicity. Existing epidemiological studies on black carbon (BC), a near-synonym of soot in atmospheric science, have prompted the adverse health effects especially for cardiovascular system. A stronger association between short term BC exposure and health endpoints is lately found than fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), but still needs more consistent evidence. Therefore, the health effects of soot need more attention as well as comprehensive and in-depth research.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>It is evident from the review that soot is a responsible agent for adverse health effects, which may exceed PM_2.5. The CC and outer coating have been proved to exert toxicity separately, of which oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage are most important toxicity mechanisms. However, their antagonistic interaction may weaken the toxicity of the whole soot particle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 3","pages":"532 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140665009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into Formation and Aging of Secondary Organic Aerosol From Oxidation Flow Reactors: A Review","authors":"Zijun Zhang,&nbsp;Weiqi Xu,&nbsp;Andrew T. Lambe,&nbsp;Weiwei Hu,&nbsp;Tengyu Liu,&nbsp;Yele Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00309-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00309-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of oxidation flow reactor (OFR) studies and their applications in both laboratory and field investigations. OFRs play a crucial role in understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and aging processes in the atmosphere. By evaluating the advancements and limitations of OFR technology, this review seeks to identify key research directions and challenges for future studies in atmospheric chemistry and air quality research.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>In recent years, OFR has emerged as an encouraging alternative to smog chambers for SOA study. The high oxidative capacity and short residence time of OFR enable its wide application in both laboratory and field studies. Research utilizing OFR has uncovered the critical role of semi-volatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) in the formation of SOA from various sources, including vehicle emissions, biomass burning, cooking activities, and non-traditional emissions such as volatile chemical products. Notably, field studies have observed considerable variability in the SOA formation potential across different environments globally, generally showing higher formation potential in urban areas compared to rural and forest regions.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>OFR studies have significantly advanced our understanding of SOA formation and aging processes, identifying key precursors, evaluating influencing factors, and quantifying SOA formation potential. However, challenges remain in unraveling detailed mechanisms due to the complexity of SOA sources and properties. Future OFR research should focus on innovations in OFR design, study non-traditional emissions, conduct long-term field observations, develop standardized calibration procedures, and establish SOA yield parameterization schemes for S/IVOCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 3","pages":"387 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140610097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Perspective into the Impact of Drying Pretreatment on Phosphorus Performance in Sediments","authors":"Zhuoman Wu,&nbsp;Yuepeng Yin,&nbsp;Wenxi Pan,&nbsp;Jinyong Tang,&nbsp;Xi Cao,&nbsp;Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00305-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00305-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>Different drying methods can cause errors in determining the content and evaluating the biological effectiveness of various forms of phosphorus (P) in sediment. The drying pretreatment effectively promotes the conversion of amorphous iron and aluminium oxides to their crystalline form, which ultimately impacts the adsorption capabilities of sediment. However, limited research has been conducted in this field previously. Sediments from the Weiyuan River, Baoenqiao Reservoir, and Honghu Lake in China were pretreated using freeze-drying, air-drying, and oven-drying methods. The effects of pretreatment methods on P were evaluated through P fractionation and isothermal adsorption experiments. The study also investigated the proportion and amount of amorphous iron and aluminium (Fe_ox and Al_ox) transformed into crystalline forms.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>The results revealed that drying pretreatment markedly increased the potentially bioavailable P(BAP) (6.73%). This increase can be attributed to the rise in loosely-bound P (48.30%) and P bound to metal oxides (9.51%), which are predominant contributors to BAP. Furthermore, sediment adsorption performance significantly decreases after drying pretreatment. This is due to the reduced content of Fe_ox (64.02%) and Al_ox (36.61%), which exhibit higher P adsorption capacity. Additionally, drying led to a significant reduction in SP_max (25.09%) and PSI (28.20%), along with an increase in EPC₀ (24.96%) and DPS (6.83%).</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>Different drying treatments affected the P forms and sorption properties of the sediment to varying degrees, with the overall effect being oven-drying &gt; air-drying &gt; freeze-drying &gt; fresh samples. Consequently, when fresh sediment is not available for laboratory analysis, freeze-drying may be a more realistic method for characterizing P properties.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 3","pages":"362 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Heritage Festival Soundscapes—A Critical Review of Literature","authors":"Murray Parker,&nbsp;Dirk H. R. Spennemann,&nbsp;Jennifer Bond","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00304-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00304-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>The response to COVID-19 in the global community resulted in a disruption of usual sensory experiences associated with quotidian life and special events. While research has investigated urban and rural soundscape alteration/change during COVID and post-COVID, no summative work has focused on soundscapes of traditional (heritage) festivals. Research is warranted as cultural heritage festivals are significant and fundamental for human societal functioning, and associated soundscapes are a key aural reflection of these. This paper aims to critically review literature published from 2020 on the effect of COVID-19 on heritage festival soundscapes, with a particular focus on the loss of aural experience examined from a community perspective.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>We identified fourteen articles which covered heritage festival sounds or soundscapes, with the resultant aural experience being transformed, postponed or discontinued due to pandemic restrictions. There was a distinct lack of formal research investigating how communities perceived these changed soundscapes, with perceptions generally based on researcher’s own perspectives, either through informal conversations with community members or through content analysis. Furthermore, we identified no research which specifically targeted community perceptions of transformed heritage festival soundscapes.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>In recognising and understanding both the importance of sensory components in creating a festival atmosphere and the significance of heritage festivals to the community as a cultural signature, the COVID-19 pandemic gives us a chance to pause and consider festival sensory components as an experienced intangible form of heritage and to question how alteration of these sensory heritage experiences concerns the communities affected.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>Visual collage of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on heritage festival soundscapes</p><p>The response to COVID-19 resulted in a disruption of usual sensory experiences. In recognising the importance of festival sensory components in creating an atmosphere and the significance of heritage festivals to the community, the pandemic gives us an opportunity to consider festival sensory components as an experienced intangible form of heritage.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 2","pages":"277 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-024-00304-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140324409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Unseen Threat of the Synergistic Effects of Microplastics and Heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments: A Critical Review","authors":"Aderemi Timothy Adeleye,&nbsp;Md Mezbaul Bahar,&nbsp;Mallavarapu Megharaj,&nbsp;Cheng Fang,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00298-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00298-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>The synergistic effects of microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals are becoming major threats to aquatic life and human well-being. Therefore, understanding synergistic interactions between MPs and heavy metals is crucial to comprehend their environmental impacts.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>The mechanisms such as electrostatic attraction, surface interactions, ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic forces, and π–π interactions behind the synergistic effects of MPs and heavy metals were critically reviewed and justified. In addition, the roles of surface chemistry in these interactions were also emphasized. Finally, efficient remediation techniques aligning with a circular economy-based initiative to promote sustainable solutions were recommended to mitigate plastic-heavy metal pollution to achieve a cleaner environment.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>This review examines the combined impact of MPs and heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems, detailing their mechanistic interactions, and consequences with proposed sustainable solutions. Additionally, this review highlights the MP-heavy metal contamination risks and emphasizes the need for further research to safeguard aquatic life and human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 3","pages":"478 - 497"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-024-00298-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-prospective of Acidophile Microorganisms in Biodegradation of NSAIDs","authors":"Anisa Ratnasari,&nbsp;Isti Faizati Zainiyah,&nbsp;Samrendra Singh Thakur,&nbsp;Ramaraj Boopathy","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00301-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00301-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in various environments poses a significant challenge due to their widespread volume, complexity, and harmful effects on environment and human health. NSAIDs elimination from the ecosystem has become an urgent priority. Therefore, the present study focuses on evaluating specific microorganisms capable of effectively remediating pharmaceutical wastewater and reducing NSAIDs contamination. Acidophile microorganisms exhibit unique survival abilities in acidic conditions and demonstrate the potential for degrading pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater. These microorganisms utilize these compounds as their sole carbon and energy sources, converting them into valuable bioproducts. Acidophile microorganisms display various functional processes, including biodegradation, biotransformation, biosorption, and bioaccumulation. It is noteworthy that bioaccumulation is mostly found in microalgae since they have more protein to uptake NSAIDs. A detailed understanding of bioaccumulation in acidophile microorganisms is recommended as degradation mechanisms. In addition, metabolites can be acknowledged by omics approaches since it has yet to be exposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 2","pages":"189 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140300706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Review of Nature-Based Systems (NbS) to Treat Stormwater in Response to Climate Change and Urbanization","authors":"Shamima Moazzem,&nbsp;Muhammed Bhuiyan,&nbsp;Shobha Muthukumaran,&nbsp;Jill Fagan,&nbsp;Veeriah Jegatheesan","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00297-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00297-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Purpose of Review&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rapid urban development significantly contributes to the alterations in watershed hydrology by removing vegetation and soil, increasing imperviousness, and reducing natural infiltration capacity. It also generates more pollutants that deteriorate the stormwater quality. In addition, the escalation of the hydrological cycle due to climate change is expected to lead to more frequent intense rainfall. This extreme rainfall generates more stormwater runoff and releases more pollutants from the catchment, which can degrade downstream waterways. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the impact of urbanization and climate change on both the quality and quantity of stormwater to effectively mitigate their severe consequences. Nature-based solutions (NbS) for stormwater management are environmentally sustainable options to capture and treat pollutants from stormwater, reduce stormwater volume, and mitigate floods. However, significant modifications are needed in the existing nature-based treatment solutions to control floods and remove pollutants in rapid urban landscapes and extreme climate conditions. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge by (1) examining the potential impacts of urbanization and climate change on the stormwater quantity and quality; (2) assessing the performance of nature-based treatment systems to treat stormwater pollutants; (3) comparing the effectiveness among different nature-based treatment systems and identifying the best ones depending on the conditions; and (4) suggesting improvements to the design of wetlands to capture higher proportions of pollutants under different scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Recent Findings&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;A review of the literature indicates that densely built-up catchments produce increased runoff from impervious surfaces. In addition, industrial catchments generate higher total suspended solids (TSS) loads, while residential and commercial catchments generate more nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous. Besides this, climate change is projected to increase annual runoff volume and mean annual concentrations of pollutants. For example, in Difficult Run watershed, the largest watershed in Fairfax County VA, an increase of 6.5% annual runoff volume and 7.6%, 7.1%, and 8.1% total suspended solids, nitrogen, and phosphorus mean annual concentrations, respectively, are expected for the simulated time period between 2041 and 2068. NbS such as swales, bioretention, detention ponds, and constructed wetlands have been implemented to remove the pollutants from stormwater, and constructed wetlands (CWs) have shown promising results in removing pollutants compared to other nature-based treatment systems. However, the efficiency of CWs can be improved by changing the filter media and vegetation and modifying the design to adapt to these adverse scenarios generated by rapid urbanization and climate change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the past, researchers have typically examined the impa","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 2","pages":"286 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140152776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Effects and Environmental Behaviors of Medium- and Long-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins: A Brief Review","authors":"Zilin Chen,&nbsp;Ziyue Cheng,&nbsp;Peirui Liu,&nbsp;Xiangliang Pan","doi":"10.1007/s40726-024-00302-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-024-00302-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>As short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) have been classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), there has been a significant surge in the utilization of medium- and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs and LCCPs) as potential alternatives. However, their environmental and ecological risks have gained more prominence. Consequently, the objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the biological effects, migration, and transformation of chlorinated paraffins (CPs), with a particular focus on comparing the similarities and differences among SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>According to the latest research findings, it has been discovered that MCCPs and LCCPs possess persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-distance migration abilities, similar to SCCPs. Moreover, these research results demonstrate that the toxicity of MCCPs and LCCPs, especially those components with high chlorine content, is equally significant as that of SCCPs. Furthermore, MCCPs and LCCPs in the environment can undergo biotransformation and photodegradation processes, resulting in the generation of toxic substances such as very short-chain chlorinated paraffins (vSCCPs), SCCPs, and chlorinated alcohols.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>This review comprehensively examines the biological toxicity, health risks, migration, and transformation of CPs with different chain lengths. In addition, the study analyzes the sources and trends of vSCCPs, SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs in different environment media. It should be noted that SCCPs pose a greater health risk to aquatic organisms, whereas MCCPs are particularly concerning for infants. On the other hand, LCCPs present a higher health risk to terrestrial organisms, especially those situated at the top of the food chain. Based on the drawbacks of current research, outlook for future research was proposed. This review is expected to provide a reference for more scientific and reasonable evaluation of the CPs environment risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"10 2","pages":"127 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140124670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}