Current Pollution Reports最新文献

{"title":"Bioaccumulation and Toxic Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Zebrafish: A Critical Review","authors":"Bo Ren, Xiangrui Wang, Xin Wang, Zhejie Hou, Ying Wang, Wenhong Fan","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00385-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00385-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>The United Nations Environment Programme has reported that over 460 million tons of plastic are produced globally each year, with half being disposable. Each year, approximately 8 million tons of this plastic waste end up in oceans, rivers, and lakes, resulting in a continuous rise in the release of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) into the aquatic environment. Importantly, microplastics have penetrated aquatic organisms, food chains, and even human organs, including the placenta of newborns. The depth and scope of their impact have become an environmental problem affecting the world.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Recently, MNPs research has increasingly focused on understanding the bioaccumulation of these particles across diverse ecosystems and species, as well as their potential toxicological effects, due to their persistence in the environment, ease of ingestion by organisms, and ability to traverse biological barriers. Studies have demonstrated that MNPs can accumulate in aquatic organisms, such as fish and invertebrates, leading to potential bioaccumulation and biomagnification through the food web. For instance, MNPs have been found in various organs, including the digestive system, gills, and liver of aquatic species, posing risks to their health, reproduction, and behavior. Toxicologically, MNPs induce a range of adverse effects, starting with oxidative stress and inflammation, as evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated pro-inflammatory genes like IL-1β in embryos exposed to polystyrene NPs. These cellular disruptions progress to developmental delays, such as reduced hatching rates and larval growth, and extend to neurotoxic outcomes, including altered swimming behavior and inhibited neurotransmitter function. Furthermore, reproductive impairments in adults and surprising transgenerational effects—where unexposed offspring exhibit reduced fertility and altered gene expression—underscore the pervasive and potentially heritable impact of MNPs. These findings highlight the importance of further exploring the multidimensional impacts of MNPs bioaccumulation and toxic effects in vivo.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>MNPs have been widely detected in aquatic environments worldwide, and their potential threats to aquatic ecosystems and organisms are of significant concern. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a pivotal model organism in environmental toxicology, valued for its biological characteristics, genetic similarities to humans, and the capacity for full life cycle studies, which together provide crucial insights into the ecological risks associated with MNPs. MNPs can enter the zebrafish body at various developmental stages through both ingestion and respiration. Small-sized MNPs have the ability to cross the blood-–brain barrier and intestinal barrier, spreading throughout different organs such as the liver, heart and brain. Exposure to MNPs can lead to toxic effects through both physical and ch","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145145408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Atmospheric Micro/Nanoplastics: Insights into Source and Fate for Modelling Studies","authors":"Fei Jiang,&nbsp;Chengze Gao,&nbsp;Arthur W. H. Chan,&nbsp;David O. Topping,&nbsp;Hongliang Zhang,&nbsp;Weijun Li,&nbsp;Hugh Coe,&nbsp;Xiaohong Liu,&nbsp;Joseph Ching,&nbsp;Zhonghua Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00375-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00375-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>Micro/nanoplastics (MNPs), as emerging pollutants, have attracted increasing attention due to their potential adverse effects on human health, ecosystems, and climate. The rapid, turbulent, and large-scale nature of atmospheric transport facilitates both horizontal and vertical movement of MNPs over long distances within a short time, largely independent of topographical constraints, thereby accelerating their global cycle and exacerbating their impacts. Despite growing interest, our understanding of the atmospheric lifecycle of MNPs remains limited. This review aims to synthesise recent advances in understanding the atmospheric lifecycle of MNPs, including their emission sources, long-range transport characteristics, and driving mechanisms. It also evaluates the key sources of uncertainty—particularly those related to emission flux estimates—and provides corresponding recommendations for future research.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Current research on the atmospheric processes of MNPs primarily relies on a combination of observational data and numerical modelling. Two major uncertainties in atmospheric micro/nanoplastic (AMNP) emissions persist: the wide variability in marine emission estimates, which span four orders of magnitude, and the unresolved question of whether terrestrial or marine sources are the dominant contributors to AMNP emissions. Furthermore, this review highlights critical factors driving these uncertainties, including limited data availability, inconsistencies in observational methodologies, oversimplified simulations, and gaps in understanding atmospheric cycling mechanisms. Additionally, variations in the particle size ranges targeted by different observational and modelling studies hinder cross-comparisons and model evaluations, representing another important source of uncertainty.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>AMNP research is constrained by multiple uncertainties that hinder a comprehensive understanding of their emissions, transport, and fate. To address these issues, we call for establishing a global network of standardised observations, improving sampling and simulation practices, and incorporating artificial intelligence. These strategies will enhance our understanding of the complete atmospheric cycle of MNPs, paving the way for more effective environmental management and better-informed policy decisions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-025-00375-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Heavy Metal Removal from Industrial Wastewater Using Oil Palm Waste–Based Adsorbent: toward Efficient Adsorption and Commercialization","authors":"Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd Hamzah,&nbsp;Norhaniza Yusof,&nbsp;Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini,&nbsp;Zainul Akmar Zakaria,&nbsp;Juhana Jaafar,&nbsp;Nurasyikin Misdan","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00381-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00381-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>The palm oil industry, as the largest producer of edible oil in the world, generates considerable volumes of biomass waste, including oil palm fronds, trunks, empty fruit bunches, mesocarp fibers, palm kernel shells, and palm oil fuel ash. Improper disposal of these residues contributes to environmental pollution and resource management challenges. This review aims to critically evaluate recent developments in transforming oil palm biomass waste (OPW) into low-cost, high-performance adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater, while aligning with zero-waste and circular economy goals.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Recent studies have demonstrated that OPW-derived adsorbents, when subjected to particle size reduction and surface functionalization, exhibit significantly enhanced adsorption capacity and recovery efficiency. Notably, activated carbon nanoparticles derived from empty fruit bunch via KOH activation have demonstrated adsorption capacities exceeding 1000 mg/g for Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺, attributed to their ultrafine size and high surface reactivity. These materials also show strong reusability, with over 80% adsorption efficiency retained after multiple regeneration cycles. Integration of OPW adsorbents into dynamic systems such as fixed-bed columns, adsorption-membrane hybrids, magnetic composites, and gel matrices have been explored to improve operational stability, pollutant removal, and ease of recovery.\u0000</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>This review underscores the potential of OPW-derived adsorbents as sustainable and cost-effective alternatives for industrial wastewater treatment. The incorporation of OPW-based materials into engineered systems and the evaluation of post-treatment strategies (e.g., regeneration, reuse, safe disposal) demonstrate their applicability for real-world continuous processes. By promoting the valorization of agricultural waste and addressing current pollution control needs, these materials contribute to improved wastewater management, sustainable resource management, and industrial circularity in palm oil–producing regions. The findings offer valuable insights for environmental managers, policymakers, and industries in adopting circular economy practices and eco-friendly pollution control solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-025-00381-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Underexplored Role of Dissolved Organic Matter in Facilitating Arsenic Enrichment in Alpine Riverine Systems: A Review of Current Status and Future Perspectives","authors":"Tianliang Zheng,&nbsp;Yue Jiang,&nbsp;Xiangjun Pei","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00380-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00380-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>Geogenic As enrichment occurs in alpine riverine systems worldwide, while the understanding of the facilitation of DOM transformation on As enrichment remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the typical occurrence of As anomaly and the principal components of DOM in global alpine river systems, and evaluate the critical pathways of DOM participating in As mobilization under different geochemical scenarios.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>DOM constitutions in alpine riverine systems were distinct from downstream urbanized river basins due to the glacier degradation, atmosphere pollution, and permafrost thawing, etc. Notably, the diverse functional groups in DOM could potentially affect As mobility through triggering the As-bearing mineral transformation, changing As redox species, competitive adsorption, and the formation of surface complex species. The formation of the ternary DOM-Fe-As complex is also critical for controlling the As mobility in the water–sediment interface.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>Future study should focus on the long-term and high-resolution monitoring of spatial-temporal variations in the concurrent transformations in DOM and As in alpine riverine systems, and it is urgent to utilize comprehensive characterization technologies in combination with <i>state-of-the-art</i> statistical analysis for quantitatively refining our understanding on the detailed mechanism accounting for the facilitation of DOM transformation on As enrichment in alpine riverine system, which is fundamental for developing remediation technologies for geogenic As enrichment and securing the safe drinking water supply in headwater regions globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in the Observation and Modeling of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions, Cloud Feedbacks, and Earth’s Energy Imbalance: A Review","authors":"Takuro Michibata,&nbsp;Casey J. Wall,&nbsp;Nagio Hirota,&nbsp;Brandon M. Duran,&nbsp;Toru Nozawa","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00382-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00382-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of review</h3><p>This review focuses on improving the understanding of the effects of anthropogenic aerosols on cloud processes, precipitation, radiation, climate, associated feedback mechanisms, and Earth’s energy imbalance (EEI), with a particular emphasis on literature published after the IPCC AR6.</p><h3>Recent findings</h3><p>EarthCARE, an epoch-making satellite mission, has just been launched in 2024. Global climate models (GCMs) have become sophisticated, particularly with respect to the treatment of precipitation, and novel GCMs have been developed for the upcoming Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Satellite simulators have been used to incorporate new diagnostics to facilitate an apples-to-apples comparison between the models and observations established in the recent studies.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>To reduce the key uncertainties at fundamental process levels, we focus on: (1) assessing model-observation discrepancies, (2) improving the existing models, and (3) examining the linkage between effective radiative forcing, cloud feedback, and the recent EEI trends.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-025-00382-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large Scale Microplastic Fibre Analysis in Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review and Recommendations","authors":"James V. Tarte,&nbsp;Mohammad Boshir Ahmed,&nbsp;Van-Tung Tra,&nbsp;Qilin Wang,&nbsp;Md Abu Hasan Johir,&nbsp;Long D. Nghiem","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00378-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00378-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review provides a critical analysis of current and emerging methods for identifying and quantifying microplastic fibres (MPF) in wastewater, covering all key steps of sample collection, pretreatment, and analytical analysis. There are currently no universally accepted standards for collecting and analysing MPF. This review aims to provide new insights to develop appropriate processes for collecting and analysing MPF in wastewater through a critical analysis of the literature.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Previous studies have used non-selective grab sampling and stacked sieving apparatuses to collect and/or sort microplastics, but very few have been specifically applied to MPF. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) digestion is the most widely used for sample preparation prior to MPF analysis. MPF quantification by manual counting under an optical microscope is possible but is inefficient and unable to meet the required level of accuracy. Either micro–Fourier Transport Infrared (µFTIR) or µ-Raman is suitable for polymer identification. They each have distinctive reported strengths and weaknesses, and µFTIR is more appropriate for MPF analysis.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>Fast and scalable analysis can be achieved with grab sampling for collection, H₂O₂ digestion for pretreatment, filtration using glass fibre or alumina oxide membranes, and then microscopic imaging with fluorene tagging for automated counting. Transmittance μFTIR is the most appropriate tool for polymer identification. Density separation, extensive sample digestion, manual counting, and Raman spectroscopy are not required or incompatible for MPF analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-025-00378-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Crystal Monomers (LCMs) of Emerging Concern: Recent Progress and Challenges in Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Sanjeeb Mohapatra,&nbsp;Mui-Choo Jong,&nbsp;Suparna Mukherji,&nbsp;Jules. B. van Lier,&nbsp;Henri Spanjers","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00377-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00377-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs), used extensively in liquid crystal displays (LCDs), have emerged as persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic organic pollutants. A network analysis of SCOPUS data revealed significant knowledge gaps, especially concerning the fate of LCMs in WWTPs. The available literature highlights that influent LCM concentrations vary widely, with elevated levels linked to industrial and e-waste recycling activities. This review examines the occurrence, fate, and treatment of LCMs, particularly fluorinated LCMs (F-LCMs), in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Conventional WWTP processes achieve moderate removal efficiencies (~ 84%) for LCMs, but F-LCMs often persist. Advanced treatment techniques such as UV/peroxydisulfate (UV/PDS) showed removal rates of 77–84% for LCMs with biphenyl and ethoxy groups. These groups alter electron distribution, making the molecules more susceptible to oxidative attack by reactive species such as hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. Degradation pathways include cleavage of biphenyl, ethoxy, and C-F bonds, producing less toxic by-products such as oxalic acid and cyclohexane. However, some degradation intermediates formed are toxic, necessitating further research of the treatment processes.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>This review underscores the need for systematic monitoring of LCMs in wastewater and their transformation products in treated wastewater and sludge, alongside advancements in treatment technologies to mitigate environmental and health risks. This review highlights the urgency of improving wastewater management strategies for LCMs and the need for future research to address the critical knowledge gaps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-025-00377-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mini-Review of Sediment Distribution Pattern and Its Ecological Impacts in Reservoirs","authors":"Haoyang Ding,&nbsp;Ziqian Li,&nbsp;Wenqing Shi","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00376-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00376-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>Rivers serve as primary pathways for sediment transport from land to ocean, transporting large amounts of sediment annually to nearshore areas. However, in recent decades, many global rivers have been obstructed by dams for water resource management, forming unique distribution pattern and causing ecological impacts, which have been extensively studied. This review utilizes CiteSpace to investigate studies on reservoir sediment distribution and its ecological impacts, summarizing existing research progress and proposing suggestions for future studies.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>We found that (i) this topic has received sustained attention, with an increasing number of publications annually. Between 2005 and 2025, there is a total of 6093 publications. (ii) Longitudinally, in a cascade reservoir system, the first reservoir, or one that has long functioned as the first, usually shows the highest sediment accumulation, with grain size gradually decreasing downstream. Within an individual reservoir, both sediment volume and particle size generally decline from the reservoir tail to the dam. (iii) Vertically, sediment concentration is higher near the reservoir bottom. Coarser particles settle quickly and accumulate at the bottom, while finer particles remain suspended in the upper layers for extended periods. (iv) Sediment distribution influences biogeochemical cycling in river ecosystems, resulting in a series of ecological impacts such as changes in nutrient regime in the water, greenhouse gas emissions, and heavy metal toxicity.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>This review summarizes the progress related to reservoir sediment distribution and their ecological impacts, suggesting future research should focus on the biochemical characteristics of sediment particles and three-dimensional simulation of sediment transport in reservoirs. These studies will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of sediment distribution, ecological impacts, and potential mitigation measures in dammed rivers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive Effects of Climate Change and Contaminants in Aquatic Ecosystems on Environmental-Human Health","authors":"Kaifeng Yu,&nbsp;Sanjeeb Mohapatra,&nbsp;Yihan Chen,&nbsp;Peng Jiang,&nbsp;Xuneng Tong","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00379-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00379-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of the Review</h3><p>Climate change is intensifying the pressures on aquatic ecosystems by altering the dynamics of contaminants, with cascading effects on ecological and human health. This review synthesizes recent evidence on how rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events influence chemical and microbial contaminant dynamics in aquatic environments.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Key findings reveal that elevated temperatures enhance phosphorus pollution and algal blooms, increase heavy metal release from sediments, and promote the mobilization of organic pollutants. Concurrently, climate change exacerbates microbial contamination by facilitating the spread of waterborne microbial contaminants, especially posing more pressure to antimicrobial resistance-related contaminants through temperature-driven horizontal gene transfer and extreme precipitation events. Complex interactions between chemical and microbial contaminants like heavy metals co-selecting for antibiotic resistance further amplify risks. The compounded effects of climate change and contaminants threaten water quality, ecosystem resilience, and public health, particularly through increased toxicant exposure via seafood and waterborne disease outbreaks. Despite growing recognition of these interactions, critical gaps remain in understanding their synergistic mechanisms, especially in data-scarce regions.</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>This review highlights the urgent need for integrated monitoring, predictive modeling, and adaptive policies under a One Health framework to mitigate the multifaceted impacts of climate-driven contamination. Future research should prioritize real-world assessments of temperature effects, urban overflow dynamics during extreme weather, and the socio-behavioral dimensions of contaminant spread to inform effective mitigation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Indoor Low-Cost Particle Sensors: Algorithmic Insights and Calibration Approaches","authors":"Nan Ma,&nbsp;Ye Kang,&nbsp;Weiduo Gan,&nbsp;Jin Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s40726-025-00372-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40726-025-00372-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of Review</h3><p>Low-cost particulate matter (PM) sensors are increasingly used for indoor air quality monitoring due to their affordability and ease of deployment. However, concerns persist regarding the reliability of their built-in processing functions and the accuracy of their data. This study evaluates the performance of 30 Plantower PMS5003 sensors across three distinct indoor environments—Ex_Normal (typical occupied office space), Ex_Incense (space with anthropogenic particle emissions), and Ex_Bushfire (space affected by outdoor air pollution). The primary aim is to improve data reliability by examining the sensors’ internal processing algorithms and identifying effective calibration models.</p><h3>Recent Findings</h3><p>Piecewise linear regression analysis revealed two key internal functions within the sensor: one for converting particle number to mass and another for adjusting based on particle type. Three calibration models—Log-Linear (LN), non-Log-Linear (nLN), and Random Forest (RF)—were evaluated. All models showed improvements over raw sensor data in terms of coefficient of determination (<i>r</i>²), root mean square error (RMSE), mean normalized bias (MNB), and coefficient of variation (CV), with particularly notable enhancements in RMSE (up to 64%), MNB (up to 70%), and CV (over 50%).</p><h3>Summary</h3><p>Although all three calibration models significantly improved data quality, no substantial differences were observed among them. The LN model is recommended for its simplicity and comparable performance. These findings contribute to improving algorithmic processing in low-cost sensors and offer practical guidance for end-users seeking to enhance sensor reliability in indoor air quality monitoring applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":528,"journal":{"name":"Current Pollution Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40726-025-00372-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145145451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}