Journal of Affective Disorders Reports最新文献

{"title":"Sex differences in inflammatory markers in bipolar disorder","authors":"Yanlin Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Xin Ng ,&nbsp;Ashley Sutherland ,&nbsp;Soohyun Joe ,&nbsp;Benchawanna Soontornniyomkij ,&nbsp;Federica Klaus ,&nbsp;Lisa T. Eyler","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic peripheral and brain inflammatory processes contribute to mood disorders. Elevated inflammation may serve as a biomarker for bipolar disorder (BD). Studies have noted sex differences in inflammatory marker levels in the general population, primarily focusing on the effects of surgeries or infections. We explored differences between men and women in serum levels of four inflammatory markers – IL-6, TNF-α, CCL-11, and CRP – among individuals with BD and healthy comparison (HC) participants and compared sex differences between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 156 participants (HC: 49 women, 45 men; BD: 38 women, 24 men) were averaged over three baseline visits of a longitudinal study on inflammation and cognitive aging in BD. Blood samples were collected every week during a two-week period and assessed for biomarker levels using electrochemiluminescence assays. General linear models were applied to examine the main effects of sex, diagnostic group, and sex x diagnostic group for IL-6, TNF-α, CCL-11, and CRP, with smoking, BMI, and age included as covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with BD showed higher levels of IL-6 than HC. Sex, diagnostic group, and their interaction showed effects in TNF-α, with higher levels in men with BD and lower levels in HC women. CCL-11 was higher in men than women. CRP levels were higher in BD men than HC men.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Men had higher TNF-α serum levels than women; this difference was more pronounced in BD than HC. CRP was elevated in BD compared to HC men. Future anti-inflammatory treatments should consider possible sex differences in BD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative analytics from stakeholder perspective describes the biopsychosocial model for patient-centred approach to managing psychiatric ailments","authors":"Abhishek Cukkemane ,&nbsp;Rene Hurlemann ,&nbsp;Veralia Gabriela Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic mental illnesses (CMIs) such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorders, to name a few are psychiatric disorders poses significant burden to both patients and healthcare systems. The public policy and management of such complex set of spectral disorders often includes procedures and regulations, pharmacological treatments, psychotherapy, and social support. However, these approaches frequently fail to fully address patient requirements, leading to inadequate care and poor outcomes. Therefore, by conducting interviews and synthesizing insights from various stakeholders, including clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals, the study investigates the multi-dimensional challenges in CMI management. This report of qualitative analysis explores a patient-centric approach towards three main themes in managing CMIs such as, tasks related to diagnosis, challenges with current procedures, and expectations from newer diagnostic methodologies. Key themes emerged revolving around requirements for emotional care, trust, complexity, and the integration of technology in treatment. Our findings highlight the need for personalized care strategies that encompass biological, psychological, and social dimensions with emphasis on effective communication and resource management. The study underscores the potential of a holistic, patient-centred framework, which serendipitously parallels George Engel's biopsychosocial model to improve outcomes and address the multifaceted nature of spectral psychiatric disorders. In the light of newer emerging technologies and the demands for psychometric intervention, perhaps, we suggest revisiting the model for a comprehensive approach in policy-making, health care management and patient-centric support to address these challenges effectively</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of olfactory training on depressive symptoms and olfactory function in patients with olfactory dysfunction – A prospective observational pilot study","authors":"Emilie Keusters ,&nbsp;Marnick Clijsters ,&nbsp;Kristof Vansteelandt ,&nbsp;Laura Van Gerven ,&nbsp;Filip Bouckaert","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Olfaction plays an important role in different aspects of our daily functioning and there is a positive correlation between olfactory dysfunction (OD) and depressive symptoms. Multiple parts of the brain are involved in both olfaction and the origin of depressive symptoms, e.g. amygdala and hippocampus. Olfactory training (OT) is one of the main therapeutic options in the management of OD. The objective of our study is to look at the prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with olfactory disorders and to examine the effect of OT on mood in patients who present with OD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included patients who presented at the Ears-Nose-Throat outpatient clinic with subjective OD and were eligible for OT. At baseline and follow-up (3 to 6 months) olfactory function and depression were assessed respectively by a Sniffin’ Sticks test and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study revealed that 57 % of participants had mild to severe depressive symptoms at baseline. There was no correlation between the depressive symptoms and OD at baseline. From baseline to follow-up, there was a significant decline in depressive symptoms, but no significant changes in the olfactory function. In addition, there was no correlation between change in depression and change in olfactory function.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>These results should be interpreted with caution because this is an observational pilot study with no placebo-controlled group and a small sample size. Further investigation is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic overlap between major depressive disorder, white blood cell counts and interleukin 6","authors":"Erik D Wiström ,&nbsp;Kevin S O'Connell ,&nbsp;Elise Koch ,&nbsp;Piotr Jaholkowski ,&nbsp;Guy F.L. Hindley ,&nbsp;Nils Eiel Steen ,&nbsp;Pravesh Parekh ,&nbsp;Charge Consortium, Oleksandr Frei ,&nbsp;Nadine Parker ,&nbsp;Alexey Shadrin ,&nbsp;Srdjan Djurovic ,&nbsp;Anders Dale ,&nbsp;Ole A Andreassen ,&nbsp;Olav B Smeland","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Immune dysregulation may contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Here we aimed to identify genetic architecture jointly associated with MDD, white blood cell (WBC) count and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using genome-wide association studies summary statistics on MDD (330,173 cases and 727,595 controls), WBC counts (<em>n_max</em> = 563,946) and IL-6 (<em>n</em> = 52,654), we performed linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression, bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR), conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Additionally, we used an independent MDD dataset (9,582 cases and 84,670 controls) from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study for polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>We found a significant positive genetic correlation (rg = 0.22) between MDD and IL-6. MiXeR estimates indicated substantial differences in the polygenicity of MDD (13.7K variants), WBC subgroups (0.8K-1.8K variants), and IL-6 (0.2K variants), with 10.1 %-31.4 % of the variants influencing WBC subgroups overlapping with MDD. We identified MDD risk loci shared with basophils (8), eosinophils (17), lymphocytes (23), monocytes (14), neutrophils (20), and total WBC counts (20), as well as two loci shared between MDD and IL-6, at conjFDR &lt;0.05. PRS analysis showed a weak, but significantly increased risk for MDD dependent on monocyte count.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The analyses only included European ancestry samples, and the causal genes associated with the identified genetic loci were not experimentally validated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MDD shares genetic underpinnings with immune system components, which implicates immune-mediated pathways in the pathophysiology of MDD. However, this connection may only be relevant for a minority of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Abbreviations</h3><div>MDD, major depressive disorder; White blood cell, WBC; MiXeR<strong>,</strong> bivariate causal mixture model; conjFDR, conjunctional false discovery rate; condFDR, conditional FDR; LD linkage disequilibrium; PRS, polygenic risk score; MoBa, Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of mental health and psychosocial concerns among South African student-athletes","authors":"Ankebé Kruger","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This investigation aimed to identify the prevalence of mental health and psychosocial concerns in a group of South African student-athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Procedure</h3><div>A cross-sectional research design, following a quantitative research approach, was used with a convenient sample. Two hundred (n=200) student-athletes representing various South African universities, with an average age of 20.45 years, avail their data for research purposes, 72 males and 128 females. Data was collected during service delivery in clinical practice using a psychological test battery yielding information on depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21), sleep behaviour (PROMIS scale), alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C), eating behaviour (BEDA-Q) and smoking behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Frequencies indicated that 6.5% showed extremely severe levels of depression, while 4.5% indicated severe and 13.0% moderate levels of depression. Fifteen percent of the athletes noted experiencing extremely severe levels of anxiety, 6.5 % severe and 23.5% moderate levels of anxiety. One percent of the athletes displayed extremely severe levels of distress, 6% had severe levels of distress, and 14% had moderate distress levels. Thirty-five percent indicated mild disturbed sleeping behaviours, with 20% reporting moderate and 15% severe symptoms of disturbed sleeping behaviour. Twenty-nine percent of the athletes noted adverse alcohol use, while 75% indicated the presence of adverse eating behaviour. Twelve percent of the athletes indicated that they smoke.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Student-athletes exhibit elevated levels of mental health challenges and psychosocial stressors, which warrant significant attention and intervention. The findings furthermore highlight the significance of implementing a system to facilitate the early identification of athletes experiencing mental health symptoms. This will encourage athletes who require assistance to seek help from a registered health professional, and it will make it easier for athletes to proceed with further assessment and treatment, if necessary. Also, early detection and intervention may help prevent the escalation of symptoms and the development of a mental health disorder. Tertiary institutions should use this information to inform policy changes to improve mental health support structures for athletes. Understanding the prevalence of mental health issues allows for developing strategies to support the student-athlete's well-being, overall health and, ultimately, their sports performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma BDNF in burnout-related depressive disorders: The mediating role of perceived social isolation and the biopsychological effect of a multimodal inpatient treatment","authors":"Roberto La Marca ,&nbsp;Monika Scheiwiller ,&nbsp;Michael Pfaff ,&nbsp;Pearl La Marca-Ghaemmaghami ,&nbsp;Heinz Böker","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The neurotrophic hypothesis of depression assumes that a reduced expression of BDNF may partially explain the development of depression, and that antidepressants increase BDNF levels and mood. In this study, we aimed at comparing plasma BDNF levels in inpatients with a burnout-related depressive disorder to those of healthy controls and explore the effects of a multimodal inpatient treatment. Moreover, we examined the mediating role of BDNF and perceived social isolation in predicting depression severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-five inpatients treated at a specialized burnout clinic and 21 matched healthy controls participated in this study. The inpatients responded to self-report questionnaires measuring depression severity, burnout, loneliness, and social isolation as well as a clinician-administered depression questionnaire (HAMD-17) after clinic admission (T1) and before clinic discharge (T2). Plasma BDNF concentrations were determined at the same time points. Inpatients reported on depression severity again at 6 months follow-up (T3). In healthy controls, psychological data and blood samples were collected only once.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Inpatients exhibited lower BDNF levels than controls (U = 267.00, <em>p</em>=.045). The treatment led to a significant increase in BDNF levels (<em>z</em>=-1.974, <em>p</em>=.024), whereby the change in BDNF levels and in depression severity were inversely related (HAMD-17: rs=0.30, <em>p</em>=.042). Finally, this association was significantly mediated by perceived social isolation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings support the assumptions within the neurotrophic hypothesis and a mediating role of perceived social isolation. Prevention and treatment of clinically relevant burnout and depression should consider perceived social isolation and social integration as an important risk factor and intervention focus, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inside the journey: A qualitative study of intravenous ketamine therapy for treatment-resistant depression","authors":"Jason Perepelkin,&nbsp;Polixeni Hantjidis,&nbsp;Kirsten Robison,&nbsp;Katelyn Halpape","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects over 30 % of patients with depression and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Intravenous (IV) ketamine has shown rapid and robust antidepressant effects for TRD. However, limited data exist on long-term maintenance and patient experiences, especially in North America. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of individuals receiving IV ketamine for TRD in Saskatchewan, Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with 19 individuals receiving IV ketamine at the Linden Medical Centre. Participants were included if they were over 18 years of age and received IV ketamine for TRD. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology to identify emerging themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Key themes included the acute effects of ketamine during treatment, which varied among patients but generally involved psychological relief and altered perceptions. Participants noted significant improvements in mood, outlook on life, and daily functioning. However, barriers such as treatment cost, accessibility, and stigma were prevalent. Psychosocial factors and the clinic environment also substantially influenced treatment outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The findings highlight the profound impact of IV ketamine on patients with TRD, emphasizing the importance of a supportive clinic environment and addressing barriers to accessibility. Despite the financial burden and limited accessibility, ketamine treatments resulted in meaningful improvements, including reduced suicidality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the need for further research on individual predictors of ketamine response, cost-effectiveness, and educational materials to set realistic patient expectations. Understanding patient experiences can help optimize ketamine therapy for TRD, ultimately enhancing treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100886"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does interoceptive sensibility mediate the relationship between alexithymia and sleep quality?","authors":"Emma Ryan,&nbsp;Sinéad Smyth","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sleep is a significant transdiagnostic factor, a lack of which can result in various psychological, cognitive, and physical impacts. Since the presence of alexithymic traits have been linked to both sleep and interoception, and because of evidence revealing bidirectional relationships between interoception and sleep, the current study aimed to examine these intricate connections. Specifically, we investigated (1) the factors influencing interoceptive sensibility (IS) (a component of interoception), and (2) whether IS mediates the relationship between alexithymia and sleep quality. Two-hundred-and-sixty participants completed a cross-sectional survey online. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that alexithymia, positive affect, and negative affect accurately predicted variance in participants’ IS scores. There were significant, negative relationships between <em>alexithymia, sleep quality,</em> and <em>negative affect</em> and IS, and a significant positive relationship between <em>positive affect</em> and IS. Participants’ caffeine consumption, age and sex did not predict variance in IS scores. Finally, IS mediated the relationship between alexithymia and sleep quality in this population. These findings provide insight into the importance of emotional and physiological health within the context of sleep health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heightened demand for mental health information resources during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Germany: A retrospective longitudinal analysis of helpline calls","authors":"Jil Zippelius ,&nbsp;Simon Schreynemackers ,&nbsp;Ulrich Hegerl ,&nbsp;Hanna Reich","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic precipitated disruptions and limitations in medical services which led to changes in help-seeking behaviour. There was a surge the demand for crisis hotlines. The “Info-Telefon Depression”, a hotline primarily focused on offering information about depressive disorders rather than crisis intervention. This study investigated the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on hotline usage trends through a time-series analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on longitudinal data from 2018 to 2022 predictive models were developed for caller trends on the Info-Telefon Depression. These predictive models were validated by comparing the anticipated caller volumes with actual observations. Unique weekly seasonality parameters were assigned to the lockdown phases to capture anticipated variations in calling patterns. Furthermore, rolling back cross-validation was employed to iteratively assess mean absolute errors over one-month periods during the pre-phase, the SARS-CoV-2-phase and the post-phase to explore variations in forecast quality across these timeframes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 56 more calls observed during the first lockdown phase than anticipated by the forecast model, a statistically significant finding (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.005). During the second lockdown phase, the difference was even greater (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.005) with 262 calls more than expected. The modelling accuracy of the prophet models has differences between the phases indicating that the SARS-CoV-2-phase has a different dynamic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study demonstrated that information-seeking behaviour changed during the pandemic, especially during the lockdown phases. In the event of health crises, more resources must be allocated to meet the increased demand for mental health services. Further research needs to explore the pandemic preparedness and crisis readiness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assessed depressive symptoms in adolescents comparing two Swedish cohorts born 15 years apart","authors":"Carl Wikberg ,&nbsp;Pia Augustsson ,&nbsp;Marcus Praetorius Björk ,&nbsp;Tord Ivarsson ,&nbsp;Gudny Sveinsdottir ,&nbsp;Eiríkur Örn Arnarson ,&nbsp;W. Edward Craighead ,&nbsp;Ina Marteinsdottir ,&nbsp;Josefine Lilja","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression in adolescence is a significant global health concern, notably in Sweden where recent trends suggest an increase in depressive symptoms among adolescents. This study aims to explore changes in the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms among Swedish high school students over the past two decades, utilizing the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A cohort study was conducted with two adolescent groups aged 13–16 years old, born nearly twenty years apart. The first cohort (<em>n</em> = 80), recruited in 2004, and the second (<em>n</em> = 617), recruited between 2019 and 2020, were both assessed using the CDI. The study employed a comparative analysis, using independent samples <em>t</em>-tests, ANOVA, and the Mann-Whitney U test for item-specific comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed no significant differences in total CDI scores between the 2004 and 2019/20 cohorts. However, the later cohort exhibited higher scores on three CDI items (\"Nothing is fun at all,\" \"I am bad all the time,\" \"I can never be as good as other kids\") and in the sub-domain of self-deprecation. Sex differences were observed, with girls scoring higher than boys in both cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is no statistically significant increase in self-assessed levels of depressive symptoms among adolescents when comparing the 2004 and 2019–20 cohorts. However, there are higher scores in specific areas of the CDI in the later cohort, particularly among young women. This study underscores the need for continuous, structured assessments of adolescent mental health, considering societal changes and trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100878"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}