Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) are intact in schizophrenia and not sensitive to cognitive training","authors":"Peter E. Clayson ,&nbsp;Yash B. Joshi ,&nbsp;Michael L. Thomas ,&nbsp;Joyce Sprock ,&nbsp;John Nungaray ,&nbsp;Neal R. Swerdlow ,&nbsp;Gregory A. Light","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patients with schizophrenia have impairments in early auditory system functioning that relate to clinical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning. Some neurophysiological biomarkers of auditory information processing are sensitive to and predictive of clinically relevant outcomes following auditory-based targeted cognitive training (TCT) in schizophrenia. It is not known, however, whether schizophrenia patients show abnormalities at the earliest stage of sensory processing reflecting the integrity of the ascending auditory pathway at the level of the brainstem, or whether such abnormalities can serve as biomarkers. This study aimed to determine whether click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (click ABRs) are 1) abnormal in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy comparison subjects (HCS), 2) acutely sensitive to or predictive of TCT response, and 3) associated with clinically relevant symptoms. We also sought to determine whether 4) click ABRs show adequate psychometric reliability. Click ABRs were examined in 52 patients with schizophrenia and 32 HCS. Patients were randomized to either TCT (<em>n</em> = 30), which comprised 30 h of training, or treatment as usual (TAU; <em>n</em> = 23). Patients showed intact click ABRs relative to HCS and click ABRs did not change significantly after 1 or 30 h of TCT. Exploratory analyses revealed modest relationships between click ABRs and baseline measures of positive symptoms and speech-in-noise perception; acute changes in ABRs were modestly related to improvements on measures of cognition independent of treatment. ABR measurements showed adequate internal consistency indicating their suitability for cross-sectional studies of individual differences, but poor test-retest reliability indicating poor suitability for clinical trials. In contrast to a growing literature demonstrating the utility of later cortical neurophysiological measures for translational research, the present findings indicate that brainstem-mediated responses are intact in schizophrenia and are not sensitive to or predictive of clinical changes in the context of TCT. These data provide guidance for establishing future neurophysiology-guided interventions in schizophrenia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144622000016/pdfft?md5=c764a50a22546f00b892458f28e162cc&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144622000016-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44510150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing Human/Animal welfare/Ethical statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144622000065/pdfft?md5=eb684ed3c44353eb47e6be3a937ada83&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144622000065-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42685501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocircuitry of treatment in anxiety disorders","authors":"W. Tommy Baumel ,&nbsp;Lu Lu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Huang ,&nbsp;Andrew T. Drysdale ,&nbsp;John A. Sweeny ,&nbsp;Qiyong Gong ,&nbsp;Chad M. Sylvester ,&nbsp;Jeffrey R. Strawn","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding how treatments change neurobiology is critical to developing predictors of treatment response. This is especially true for anxiety disorders—the most common psychiatric disorders across the lifespan. With this in mind, we examined neurofunctional predictors of treatment response and neurofunctional changes associated with treatment across anxiety disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>PubMed/Medline was searched for prospective treatment studies that included parallel examinations of functional activation or connectivity (both task-based and resting state) in adults and youth with panic disorder and generalized, separation, and/or social anxiety disorders published before April 30, 2021. All studies examining baseline predictors or changes related to pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic treatment of <em>DSM-IV</em> and <em>DSM-5</em> anxiety disorders were included. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data as well as neurofunctional outcomes were extracted and summarized.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-nine studies examined changes in functional activation and/or connectivity (56 treatment arms) related to treatment and twenty-three examined neurofunctional predictors of treatment response. Predictors of treatment response and treatment-related neurofunctional changes were frequently observed within amygdala-prefrontal circuits. However, immense heterogeneity and few replication studies preclude a cohesive neurofunctional treatment response model across anxiety disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The extant literature describing neurofunctional aspects of treatment response in anxiety disorders is best viewed as a partially constructed scaffold on which to build a clinically translatable set of robust neuroimaging biomarkers that can be used to guide treatment and to select from available treatment. The construction of this understanding will require harmonization of analytic and task approaches, larger samples, and replication of component studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2a/3f/nihms-1815776.PMC9222661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40399708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote digital phenotyping in serious mental illness: Focus on negative symptoms, mood symptoms, and self-awareness","authors":"Michelle L. Miller ,&nbsp;Ian M. Raugh ,&nbsp;Gregory P. Strauss ,&nbsp;Philip D. Harvey","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The serious mental illness (SMI) phenotype is marked by several different symptom domains and biomedical challenges. The nature of SMI renders in-person assessment challenging, due to problems in event recall, response biases, lack of experience in real-world functional domains, and difficulties identifying informants. Digital strategies offer a promising alternative to in-person assessments and allow for remote delivery of cognitive and social cognitive assessments in addition to continuous momentary assessment of activities, moods, symptoms, expressions, experiences, and psychophysiological variables. Remote assessments of mood, emotion, behavior, cognition, and self-assessment have been successfully collected across various SMI conditions. Both active (paging and triggered observations of facial and vocal expressions) and passive (global positioning, actigraphy) methods have been deployed remotely, similarly to in-person assessments previously conducted in the laboratory. Advanced strategies in data analysis are used to examine this information and to guide the development of newer advances in assessment of phenotypic variation in SMI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144622000028/pdfft?md5=34b3819a754c01f9ad82c6d2761586e2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144622000028-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137044066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What can clozapine’s effect on neural oscillations tell us about its therapeutic effects? A scoping review and synthesis","authors":"Nicolas Raymond ,&nbsp;Paulo Lizano ,&nbsp;Sinead Kelly ,&nbsp;Rachal Hegde ,&nbsp;Sarah Keedy ,&nbsp;Godfrey D. Pearlson ,&nbsp;Elliot S. Gershon ,&nbsp;Brett A. Clementz ,&nbsp;Carol A. Tamminga ,&nbsp;Matcheri Keshavan","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clozapine, a drug effective in treatment resistant schizophrenia, can modulate the brain’s electrical activity as measured by an electroencephalogram (EEG). Past reviews have focused on synthesizing literature related to epileptiform activity or rate of seizures in clozapine treated individuals. The aim of this review was to determine whether clozapine’s mediated effects on measurements related to neural oscillations can inform its therapeutic effects. Here, literature pertaining to studies that implemented pre-post designed investigations of clozapine and measured frequency characteristics of neural oscillations in individuals with schizophrenia were reviewed. The synthesis of findings suggests that while clozapine is associated with alterations in all neural oscillations, slower waves (delta and theta) are consistently increased in power by clozapine. We then further discuss potential mechanisms that may underlie these effects of clozapine. Future research can implement the findings of this review to motivate hypothesis-driven investigations into clozapine responsiveness biomarkers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266614462200003X/pdfft?md5=ea56b6e2df738833a2c45625ccb8200f&pid=1-s2.0-S266614462200003X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41559283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance to depth inversion illusions: A biosignature of psychosis with potential utility for monitoring positive symptom emergence and remission in schizophrenia","authors":"Samantha I. Fradkin ,&nbsp;Steven M. Silverstein","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The predictive coding theory of psychosis posits that individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate abnormalities in the strength of top-down modulation (based on prior experience) of sensory signals. Evidence suggests that difficulty perceiving depth inversion illusions (DIIs) (i.e., more accurate perception of stimuli under conditions in which control subjects perceive these illusions) may reflect this abnormality in people with schizophrenia. This review synthesizes findings from all studies that have investigated DII perception in schizophrenia, high-risk syndromes, and conditions associated with risk for psychosis outside of a psychotic disorder such as those involving cannabis use, alcohol intoxication and withdrawal, and sleep deprivation. Cognitive and biological mechanisms contributing to DII resistance, and strengths and confounds of using the DII task as a measure of predictive coding are also discussed. The available evidence indicates that psychosis is associated with resistance to DIIs, whereas schizophrenia in the absence of active psychosis is less strongly associated with this effect. This may be due to psychosis-related deficiencies in top-down signaling and a compensatory overreliance on bottom-up signaling. Overall, the evidence reviewed suggests that the DII task is a sensitive measure of predictive coding in schizophrenia that could be used as a visual biomarker to predict risk and impending changes in clinical state within the disorder. Additional studies that measure changes longitudinally are necessary to further explore the possibility of using the DII task as a visual biomarker for psychosis in clinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144622000053/pdfft?md5=4160685b61d89579f082b6ad5e292af5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144622000053-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137043576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of serum extracellular vesicle microRNAs and analysis of target-gene pathways in major depressive disorder","authors":"Nagiua Cuomo-Haymour ,&nbsp;Stefan Kaiser ,&nbsp;Matthias Hartmann-Riemer ,&nbsp;Karoline Guetter ,&nbsp;Federica Klaus ,&nbsp;Flurin Cathomas ,&nbsp;Erich Seifritz ,&nbsp;Giorgio Bergamini ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Russo ,&nbsp;Christopher R. Pryce","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Major depressive disorder (MDD) presents with both peripheral and central alterations, such that crosstalk between the periphery and the central nervous system could contribute to its aetio-pathophysiology. One putative mediating mechanism is circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their microRNA (miRNA) cargo. In this study, we investigated differential expression of the serum EV miRNome in MDD patients versus controls with the aims of identifying potential EV miRNA biomarkers and downstream target gene pathways.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>miRNA-Sequencing was performed on serum EVs isolated from MDD patients (n = 42) and matched healthy Controls (n = 18). Differential expression analysis was conducted, followed by diagnostic power analysis of dysregulated EV miRNAs, and pathway analysis of their target genes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 1800 serum EV miRNAs detected consistently, 33 were differentially expressed in MDD and Control subjects, 17 up-regulated and 16 down-regulated. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis identified an up-regulated and a down-regulated panel of EV miRNAs, each with additive diagnostic power as a differential biomarker for MDD. Predicted target gene-pathways were significantly enriched with respect to brain function, signal transduction and substance dependence ontology.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provides one of the first reports of dysregulation of the peripheral EV miRNome in MDD, including evidence for EV miRNAs as potential MDD biomarkers and identification of pathways via which they may contribute to MDD pathophysiology. Large-scale studies are required to confirm EV miRNome biomarker potential in MDD. Empirical evidence for involvement of the dysregulated EV miRNAs in the predicted target-gene pathways relevant to MDD pathophysiology is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144622000041/pdfft?md5=fa7c10a0745f823a352b107bccf40bd4&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144622000041-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44282058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-device reliability of swept source and spectral domain optical coherence tomography and retinal layer differences in schizophrenia","authors":"Swetha Gandu ,&nbsp;Deepthi Bannai ,&nbsp;Iniya Adhan ,&nbsp;Megan Kasetty ,&nbsp;Raviv Katz ,&nbsp;Rebecca Zang ,&nbsp;Olivia Lutz ,&nbsp;Leo A. Kim ,&nbsp;Matcheri Keshavan ,&nbsp;John B. Miller ,&nbsp;Paulo Lizano","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is used to study retinal structure in schizophrenia. Changes in retinal structure, especially the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) has been correlated with psychotic disorders. Measurement variability is a concern since there are various generations of OCT devices. We investigated the inter- and intra-device agreement of macular thickness between spectral domain (SD−OCT) and swept source−OCT (SS−OCT), and compared macula and peripapillary group differences in schizophrenia using SS−OCT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Macular OCT thickness was obtained for schizophrenia (SZ, n = 30) and healthy controls (HC, n = 22) subjects using SD−OCT (Heidelberg Spectralis) and SS−OCT (DRI Topcon Triton). Peripapillary thickness was obtained using SS−OCT. RNFL, ganglion cell-inner plexiform complex (GCL+), RNFL plus GCL+ (GCL++), and macular thickness were collected. Clinical and cognitive data were gathered. All statistical analyses were performed using R software.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was excellent inter-scanner agreement for GCL + and GCL++ with ICC’s between r = 0.92−0.99. Good-to-excellent intra-scanner (OD vs OS) agreement was present except for macular RNFL in the SS−OCT device. No significant peripapillary group differences were identified. Poorer GAF scores were correlated with thinner macular layers and thinner overall peripapillary retinal layer. Greater mania symptoms were associated with smaller peripapillary GCL + thickness (r=-0.43, p = 0.03). Poor overall cognition (Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia) was associated with smaller overall peripapillary retinal thickness (r = 0.36, p = 0.02).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While there is RNFL variability, GCL + and GCL++ are comparable between scanners SD−OCT and SS−OCT. Given that RNFL thinning is strongly implicated in psychotic disorders, the use of OCT scanners should not be interchanged due to increased RNFL measurement variability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"94779757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of antipsychotic medications, amino acid signatures, and platelet-activating factor in first-episode psychosis","authors":"Bracha Erlanger Avigdor ,&nbsp;Kun Yang ,&nbsp;Ida Shinder ,&nbsp;Benjamin C. Orsburn ,&nbsp;Rana Rais ,&nbsp;Shin-ichi Kano ,&nbsp;Akira Sawa ,&nbsp;Jonathan Pevsner","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>First-episode psychosis refers to individuals early in the course of psychotic illness. Identifying the underlying biological processes, including biomarkers, is essential for improving diagnosis and treatment. We performed metabolomics profiling of plasma from a group of first-episode psychosis patients and matched neurotypical controls. Using global metabolomics profiling, we identified antipsychotic or antidepressant medication in 22 individuals diagnosed with first-episode psychosis, closely matching the drug prescription history. There were significant differences in levels of amino acids or their derivatives, including decreases in D<span>L</span>-arginine, <span>L</span>-histidine, DL-serine and threonine as well as increases in <span>L</span>-glutamic acid, ornithine, and proline. Using targeted metabolomics profiling of 408 compounds in plasma samples we identified significant differences in six compounds including decreases in serotonin and arginine as well as increased levels of sarcosine, proline, cis-4-hydroxyproline and trans-4-hydroxyproline. Platelet-activating factor levels were significantly elevated in the FEP cohort. These findings suggest potential biomarkers that require validation in independent cohorts, and in several cases provide supporting evidence for previously reported observations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144621000162/pdfft?md5=81c9985e9e4c46bb8f2a0ebd904acbb9&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144621000162-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46531561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior-posterior axis of hippocampal subfields across psychoses: A B-SNIP study","authors":"Elisabetta C. del Re ,&nbsp;Victor Zeng ,&nbsp;Ney Alliey-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Paulo Lizano ,&nbsp;Nicolas Bolo ,&nbsp;Olivia Lutz ,&nbsp;Godfrey Pearlson ,&nbsp;John A. Sweeney ,&nbsp;Brett A. Clementz ,&nbsp;Elliot Gershon ,&nbsp;Carol A. Tamminga ,&nbsp;Matcheri S. Keshavan","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The hippocampus (HP) is affected across psychoses, including schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar type 1 (BDP) and schizoaffective (SAD) disorders. We examined HP subfield volumetric abnormalities along the anterior-posterior (ventral-dorsal) axis of the HP in psychosis probands, defined by traditional (DSM) diagnoses and biologically defined subtypes (biotypes, based on cognition and electrophysiology). We hypothesized that biotypes would be better discriminated by HP longitudinal axis subfields abnormalities than DSM.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The sample included 455 probands from the Bipolar Schizophrenia Network for intermediate Phenotypes (BSNIP) dataset (age 35<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12.0): 124 unaffected (age 40.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->15.8) and 299 healthy controls (HC; 37<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12.0). Probands were: SZ (190), BDP (151), SAD (114). Probands according to B-SNIP defined biotypes were: biotype-1 (BT1; 120), biotype-2 (BT2; 145), biotype-3 (BT3, 190). 3<!--> <!-->T MRI scans were processed with FreeSurfer6.0. The anterior (aHP) and posterior (pHP) HP and aHP and pHP subfields were extracted. Cognitive and clinical data were collected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All biotypes had smaller aHP subfields compared to HC. BT1 had smaller aHP than both BT2 and BT3. pHP subfields were also smaller in BT1 compared to HC and BT3, while the granule cells layer of the dentate gyrus distinguished BT2 from HC. DSM: aHP subfields were smaller in all DSM types compared to HC and did not differ among DSM categories. A few pHP subfields were affected in SAD and SZ compared to HC and distinguished SAD and SZ from BDP. Probands had smaller aHP compared to unaffected relatives.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Differences in subfield volumetric abnormalities along the anterior- posterior axis of the HP exist across psychoses. aHP abnormalities differ between psychosis probands and HC but do not discriminate among DSM categories. In contrast, biotypes can be differentiated from HC and from each other according to aHP-pHP subfields volumetric abnormalities. Thus, biotype typology may better reflect underlying neurobiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bionps.2021.100037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"94848968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}