Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Gut-brain axis system updates: Optimizing microbiome biomarkers for psychiatry and neurology","authors":"Emily G. Severance","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Technological advances in nucleic acid sequencing in recent years effectively launched and propelled a new age of the microbiome. A mechanism known as the gut-brain axis has been adopted by psychiatric and neurological researchers, as another possible way to reconcile gene-by-environmental and other hypotheses of how serious brain disorders develop. Toward this end, the microbiome, may represent an informative biomarker, or series of biomarkers, of cellular, molecular, and metabolic pathways that are altered in disease. As with any field projected to be an enormous influence on the future of medicine, early studies of the microbiome are numerous and sometimes afflicted with study design and data quality issues. Some progress in these areas is underway, and here we provide a brief update of the current state of the microbiome with a focus on clinical studies and the quests to better understand mechanistically what functional outcomes in neuropsychiatric disorders might be mediated by microbes. We also review the concept of the microbiome biomarker as a dynamic and evolving measure that keeps improving as technology flourishes. <em>In vitro</em> gut systems that merge innervation and vascularization of epithelial organoids exemplify next-generation microbiome biomarkers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000030/pdfft?md5=b6b497657a3c8aceb87020525bc70605&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000030-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139936649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are neurodevelopmental structural pathologies of the insula potential biomarkers for schizophrenia risk?","authors":"Susanna Gebhardt,&nbsp;Henry A. Nasrallah","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The insula is a significant neural region associated with the development and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Here, we provide an overview of the role of the insula in a non-pathological context, as well as its function in schizophrenia, discussing how structural and functional changes to the insula can provide insight into the etiology of schizophrenia and contribute to potential therapeutic intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000042/pdfft?md5=78ea40cb67d1ec6d2ba22b33ab8ab1a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000042-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the willingness of African-American and American Indian/Alaska Native communities to engage in genetic and biomarker research: The UBIGR study","authors":"Diane Carol Gooding ,&nbsp;Fabu P. Carter ,&nbsp;Emre Umucu ,&nbsp;Carol Ann Van Hulle ,&nbsp;Jordan P. Lewis ,&nbsp;Megan Zuelsdorff ,&nbsp;Shenikqua Bouges ,&nbsp;Taryn T. James ,&nbsp;Hector Salazar ,&nbsp;Lytonia Floyd ,&nbsp;James Bester ,&nbsp;Carey E. Gleason","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite the disproportionate impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia on Black/African-American and American Indian/Alaska Native groups, they have been underrepresented in biomarker research. Research investigating underrepresented groups’ willingness to engage in research has primarily relied on qualitative research and/or specialized samples (e.g., patients’ first-degree relatives). Similarly, extant quantitative studies include disproportionately small numbers of these participants. This investigation aimed to understand preclinical biomarker and genetic AD research participation in underrepresented groups to facilitate greater diversity in future biomarker research and clinical trials.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We administered an online questionnaire to 599 Black/African-American, 120 American Indian/Alaska Native, and 725 NonHispanic White adults and assessed demographic characteristics and participants’ views on dementia, research, and genetic and preclinical biomarker testing. Attitudes toward research were examined using the standardized 7-item Research Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) measure. Using structural equation modeling, we tested <em>a priori</em> hypotheses regarding willingness to engage in AD preclinical biomarker testing. The specific survey item used as the outcome measure asked for agreement with the statement: “I would be willing to undergo any type of testing necessary if it was the only way to find out if I was at risk for AD before there were any symptoms,” answered on a Likert scale (1=strongly disagree – 7=strongly agree).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The three groups differed significantly in their attitudes toward research, as measured by total RAQ scores. Despite no differences in opinion regarding the overall usefulness of biomarkers, the ethnoracial groups differed in their willingness to engage in preclinical biomarker testing for dementia. Path analysis revealed an excellent model fit, indicating that attitudes toward research, as measured by the RAQ, influenced biomarker testing willingness. These findings suggest the need for outreach and engagement programs to occur before attempting research recruitment, particularly with BIPOC populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266614462400008X/pdfft?md5=219152dcb621c9bf925858357407134e&pid=1-s2.0-S266614462400008X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140548762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sample processing time but not storage time affects complement activation markers C4a, C4d, C3a, iC3b, Bb, C5a, and sC5b-9 levels in EDTA-plasma of individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis","authors":"Eleftheria Kodosaki ,&nbsp;Colm Healy ,&nbsp;Jonah F. Byrne ,&nbsp;Melanie Föcking ,&nbsp;Mary Cannon ,&nbsp;Diana O. Perkins ,&nbsp;David Cotter ,&nbsp;Meike Heurich","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system and plays a key role in inflammatory processes. Concentrations of complement activation fragments in plasma are markers of systemic activation and have been found to be altered in a wide range of diseases. Some plasma activation marker levels can be influenced by sample processing and storage time. We quantified seven complement activation markers (C4a, C4d, C3a, iC3b, Bb, C5a, and sC5b-9 (TCC)) in EDTA-plasma as part of a multi-centre clinical study analysing complement activation in individuals with clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis compared with healthy controls. Samples had been collected, processed, and subsequently stored at -80°C over a period of 9.5–13.6 years, according to a standard operating protocol (SOP). Complement activation markers were quantified using commercially available and standardised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In a post hoc analysis of variables affecting the analyses we investigated the impact of EDTA-to-freezer processing time (&lt;1–7.35 hours) and freezer storage time (9.5–13.6 years). EDTA-to-freezer processing time moderately correlated positively with C4a, C3a, iC3b and sC5b-9 levels. Storage time at -80°C was not significantly correlated with any complement activation marker. This study provides valuable insight into the impact of sample processing and long-term sample storage in complement activation marker studies. The results suggest that storage time in -80°C is not a confounding factor affecting non-specific complement activation in EDTA-plasma. Sample-processing time does moderately affect the levels of some complement activation markers. This should be considered as a co-variate when analysing complement activation marker levels. Further, the impact may vary for healthy or clinical samples where immune activation is part of the pathology. These findings are important when planning large-scale clinical studies that include quantification of complement components and its activation fragments as biomarkers. It supports the collection of EDTA-plasma and fast sample processing to be included into a study standard operating procedure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000157/pdfft?md5=0a0106368bff106f05ce6aa033dba7d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000157-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between ACE gene polymorphisms and risk of suicide","authors":"Soudeh ghafouri-fard ,&nbsp;Reyhane Eghtedarian ,&nbsp;Elham badrlou ,&nbsp;Solat eslami ,&nbsp;Mohammad taheri ,&nbsp;Serge brand","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Suicide is a health problem associated with a number of genetic factors. Genetics polymorphisms in several signaling pathways have been shown in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior. Variants of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) have been demonstrated to affect risk of some neuropsychiatric conditions and suicide attempt. In the current study, we assessed association between <em>ACE</em> rs4646994, rs1799752 and rs4359 polymorphisms and risk of suicide behavior in a population of Iranian patients attempted suicide (320 individuals who attempted suicide with soft methods and 230 suicide victims) and 300 healthy controls. Polymorphisms were genotyped using tetra-ARMS-PCR method. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.22.0. The rs4359 was associated with successful suicide under co-dominant model in a way that TC genotype was identified as a risk genotype (OR (95% CI)= 1.86 (1.26–2.75), P value=-0.02). In dominant model, TT+TC genotypes were associated with higher risk of successful suicide in comparison with CC genotype (OR (95% CI)= 1.71 (1.18–2.47), P value=-0.04). In over-dominant model, TT+CC genotypes were associated with lower risk in comparison with TC genotype (OR (95% CI)= 0.58 (0.41–0.83), P value=-0.03). rs1799752 was associated with higher risk of successful suicide under co-dominant, recessive and over-dominant models. In co-dominant model, while ID genotype increased the risk (OR (95% CI)= 2 (1.37–2.99), P value=0.003), II genotype decreased the risk (OR (95% CI)= 0.2 (0.09–0.45), P value&lt;0.0001) in comparison with DD genotype). In recessive model, II genotype was associated with lower risk in comparison with total sum of the other genotypes (OR (95% CI)= 0.14 (0.07–0.28), P value&lt;0.0001). The rs4646994 was not associated with risk of successful suicide. Besides, rs4359 was associated with risk of suicide attempt under over-dominant model in a way that TT+CC genotypes decreased risk of suicide attempt (OR (95% CI)= 0.67 (0.48–0.93), P value=0.04). rs1799752 was associated with risk of suicide attempt under co-dominant and recessive models in a way that II genotype conferred lower risk of suicide attempt (OR (95% CI)= 0.53 (0.34–0.83), P value=0.03). Finally, rs4646994 was associated with risk of suicide attempt in all models except for recessive model. I allele of this SNP increased risk of suicide attempt (OR (95% CI)= 1.47 (1.15–1.88), P value=0.018). Taken together, <em>ACE1</em> gene can be considered as a risk locus for suicide behavior among Iranians.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000054/pdfft?md5=c91b13c0d4a02b2a0c801d3dc7dab3a5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000054-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep retinal layer microvasculature alterations in schizophrenia","authors":"Samantha I. Fradkin ,&nbsp;Deepthi Bannai ,&nbsp;Paulo Lizano ,&nbsp;Adriann Lai ,&nbsp;Christen Crosta ,&nbsp;Judy L. Thompson ,&nbsp;Steven M. Silverstein","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A subset of individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) are thought to have a microvascular component to their illness with studies demonstrating alterations in retinal superficial, deep, and choroidal microvasculature networks. However, the direction and location of these alterations have differed across studies. In a recent study, we reported that individuals with SZ demonstrated lower superficial layer perfusion density than a healthy control (HC) group. The current study investigated characteristics of the deep vascular layer in SZ. We included 28 individuals with a diagnosis of SZ or schizoaffective disorder, and 37 HCs. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) data was collected to measure deep retinal layer perfusion density, skeletonized vessel density, vessel diameter index, and fractal dimension. We conducted between-group comparisons to examine differences in these OCTA variables between SZ and HC groups. A trend analysis was conducted to determine if differences reflected a linear trend according to age and illness length, and Spearman correlations were conducted to determine associations between deep and superficial layer density. Individuals with SZ demonstrated significantly lower bilateral perfusion density and vessel diameter index, as well as lower left eye skeletonized vessel density and fractal dimension. There was a significant linear trend in the data indicating that individuals with chronic SZ demonstrated the lowest OCTA values, followed by individuals within two years of their first episode of psychosis who did not differ from older controls, followed by younger controls, who demonstrated the highest values in at least one eye. Lower density values in the deep retinal layer were also significantly associated with lower density values in the superficial layer. Overall, results suggest that microvascular alterations are present in multiple retinal layers in SZ and that they may be useful visual system biomarkers of neurovascular changes in the disorder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000029/pdfft?md5=f414ab4ed0f1103eba610813e39bdef7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood trauma and altered response of retinal neurons as an early risk endophenotype of schizophrenia and mood disorder","authors":"Jasmin Ricard ,&nbsp;Nicolas Berthelot ,&nbsp;Énora Fortin-Fabbro ,&nbsp;Marie-Claude Boisvert ,&nbsp;Julia Garon-Bissonnette ,&nbsp;Eric Arsenault ,&nbsp;Alexandre Bureau ,&nbsp;Michel Maziade","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Exposure to childhood trauma may cause several alterations in brain structure and connectivity in adult patients having a major psychiatric disorder. Recent reports have shown that adult patients and young healthy offspring of patients carry similar abnormal retinal response. Because the retina and the brain have the same embryonic origin, the retina gives access to living neuronal tissue that may capture the early neurobiological effect of trauma.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Evaluate the association between exposure to childhood trauma and anomalies in cone (photopic) and rod (scotopic) responses assessed by electroretinography (ERG) in children and adolescents at familial risk (FHRs) of psychosis or mood disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>ERG recordings (n=194) undertaken on 134 offspring (M_age of 1st recording=15.7, 49% females) enrolled in our longitudinal study and born to a parent having DSM-IV schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder were analyzed using repeated measures linear mixed models and applying multiple comparisons. The scotopic and photopic a- and b-wave latencies and amplitudes were recorded. Five types of childhood trauma were assessed prospectively and retrospectively in FHRs: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect and witnessing domestic violence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>None of the ERG scotopic or photopic parameters were associated with the global measure of exposure to trauma. However, when analyzing the specific effect of each type of trauma, data suggested that physical abuse in girls would be significantly associated with a prolonged scotopic a-wave latency (p=0.024, ES=0.28) and a trend of association was observed with a prolonged photopic b-wave latency (p=0.099, ES=0.27).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study did not suggest a substantial effect of childhood trauma on previously reported ERG anomalies in the cone and rod response in youth at familial risk of psychosis or mood disorder. Only one type of trauma i.e., physical violence toward the child, could have a specific effect on the cone and rod prolonged latencies in girls. Methodological limitations are discussed for consideration in interpreting the findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000133/pdfft?md5=1348882b6840ffc997226b056c38cab4&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000133-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140816301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal morphological differences in atypical Parkinsonism: A cross-sectional analysis of the AlzEye cohort","authors":"S. Patel ,&nbsp;O. Bredemeyer ,&nbsp;DJ Williamson ,&nbsp;RR Struyven ,&nbsp;Y. Zhou ,&nbsp;AK Denniston ,&nbsp;A. Petzold ,&nbsp;CA Antoniades ,&nbsp;PA Keane ,&nbsp;SK Wagner","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Atypical Parkinsonian syndrome (APS) describes a heterogeneous group of disorders mimicking the clinical presentation of Parkinson disease (PD) but with disparate natural history and pathophysiology. While retinal markers of PD are increasingly described, APS has been afforded less attention possibly owing to its lower prevalence. Here, we investigate retinal morphological differences in individuals with APS in a large real world cohort.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the AlzEye study, a retrospective cohort where ophthalmic data of individuals attending Moorfields Eye Hospital between January 2008 and March 31st 2018 (inclusive) has been linked with systemic disease data through national hospital admissions. Retinal features were extracted from macula-centered color fundus photography (CFP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and compared between individuals with APS and those unaffected. Individuals with idiopathic PD were excluded. Retinal neural and vascular features were measured using automated segmentation and analyzed with multivariable-adjusted regression models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among a cohort of 91,170 patients, there were 51 patients with APS and 91,119 controls. Individuals with APS were older and more likely to have hypertension and diabetes mellitus. After adjusting for age, sex, hypertension and diabetes melitus, individuals with APS had a thinner ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (-3.95 microns, 95% CI: −7.53, −0.37, p = 0.031) but no difference in other retinoneural or retinovascular indices. Optic nerve cup-to-disc ratio was similar between groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our cross-sectional analysis of the AlzEye cohort reveals distinct retinal morphological characteristics in APS compared to healthy controls. The study notably identifies a thinner ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer in APS patients, without accompanying changes in the inner nuclear layer or significant alterations in retinovascular indices and optic nerve cup-disc ratio. These changes are distinct from those observed in PD, where thinning of the inner nuclear layer (INL) is a characteristic feature.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>These findings demonstrate a retinal phenotype in APS, markedly different from both healthy controls and idiopathic Parkinson's disease, highlighting the potential of retinal imaging in differentiating neurodegenerative disorders. By establishing a distinct retinal phenotype for APS, our findings underscore the potential of retinal imaging as a valuable, non-invasive diagnostic tool. This advancement is particularly significant for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, facilitating early detection, and offering a window into the underlying disease mechanisms in APS, thereby aiding in the development of targeted therapeutic interventions and personalized patient care strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000145/pdfft?md5=5d65634bfd6dc5a164c3aaf2db675424&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000145-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest editors' introduction: The retina as a biomarker in neuropsychiatric disorders","authors":"Paulo Lizano ,&nbsp;Steven M. Silverstein","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000182/pdfft?md5=ad381bf3c94b33f85982379a674cda72&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000182-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141328477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on non-biological mechanisms of depression","authors":"Geng Li,&nbsp;Wenshu Ma Chen,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Ma,&nbsp;Yan Mi,&nbsp;Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionps.2024.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Progress has been achieved in many fields in understanding the biological mechanisms of depression, including genome-wide association analysis, neurotransmitter system function, brain regions and neural networks, inflammatory response, neuroplasticity, neuroimaging, and neuro electrophysiology. These progresses provide a reliable basis for developing the medical and physical therapies for depression. However, the current treatments developed from biological mechanisms can only address less than 60 % of depressive symptoms and have limited efficacy in improving social functioning and reducing recurrence. Studies have explored the non-biological mechanisms of depression in mental fields. These progresses are helpful to develop more interventions that could alleviate depressive symptoms, improve functional impairments, and reduce recurrence, thereby promoting a more comprehensive recovery in depressed patients. However, there is not a systematic and deep review to highlight the non-biological mechanisms of depression.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study summarizes the recent progress in the non-biological fields of depression by searching publications on human studies in PubMed, PMC, and Google Schooler with exclusion of animal studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study reviews the intergenerational transmission characteristics, the relationship between depression and emotional trauma, cognitive deficit, relationship impairment, self-function, sense of the meaning of life, motivation deficit, and psycho-rationality of depression.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study was clarified the non-biological mechanisms and characteristics of depression and provided a theoretical basis for the development of non-drug interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144624000170/pdfft?md5=224c8c69183f18f99b9c8dd0a27566b5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666144624000170-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141240480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}