Current Research in Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Streptococcus thermophilus Ab.340 TZ enhances doxorubicin efficacy in glioblastoma cells by modulating apoptotic and survival pathways","authors":"Abbas Asoudeh-Fard ,&nbsp;Hosein Fakhri ,&nbsp;Farnood Afrakhteh ,&nbsp;Mohadeseh Asoudeh-Fard ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abbasi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Gholami ,&nbsp;Mohammad Bagher Nazari ,&nbsp;Erfan Yaghoot ,&nbsp;Asghar Parsaei","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid proliferation, therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis. Doxorubicin (DOX) exhibits potent cytotoxicity but is limited by blood–brain barrier penetration and systemic toxicity. Probiotics, particularly Streptococcus thermophilus, have emerged as potential adjuvants in cancer therapy due to their selective anticancer effects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>S. thermophilus Ab.340 TZ (NCBI Accession: PX207693) was isolated from 55 traditional yogurt samples and identified via 16S rRNA sequencing. U-87 MG glioblastoma cells and HUVECs were treated with the probiotic, DOX, or their combination. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Molecular mechanisms were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for apoptosis- and survival-related genes (<em>Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, Bax</em>, <em>Bcl-2, PTEN, p53, p21, Fas, AKT, mTOR, IκB</em>). Apoptosis induction was further validated by Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>S. thermophilus</em> selectively reduced U-87 MG viability in a dose-dependent manner (IC₅₀ OD₆₀₀ = 1.15, ≈1–1.2 × 10⁹ CFU/mL) without affecting HUVECs (&gt;96% viability)<em>.</em>DOX monotherapy had an IC₅₀ of 20 µg/mL, while combination therapy achieved comparable cytotoxicity at only 145 ng/mL, indicating a &gt; 130-fold dose reduction. qRT-PCR revealed synergistic upregulation of pro-apoptotic and tumor suppressor genes (<em>Caspases, Bax, PTEN, p53, p21</em>) and downregulation of survival mediators (<em>AKT, mTOR, Bcl-2</em>). Flow cytometry confirmed enhanced apoptosis with minimal necrosis in combination-treated cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>S. thermophilus Ab.340 TZ acts as a potent adjuvant to DOX, reprogramming apoptosis and survival pathways, enabling substantial dose reduction, and selectively inducing apoptosis in GBM cells. These findings support the potential integration of probiotics with conventional chemotherapy to overcome chemoresistance and improve therapeutic outcomes in glioblastoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of Thalictrum foliolosum and Cordia dichotoma for targeting acute liver injury","authors":"Disha Raghuvanshi ,&nbsp;Komal Raghuvanshi ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar ,&nbsp;Mehak Thakur ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar ,&nbsp;Azhar Khan ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Rachna Verma ,&nbsp;Nida N. Farshori ,&nbsp;Ebtesam S. Al-Sheddi ,&nbsp;Mai M. Al-Oqail ,&nbsp;Tabarak Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver diseases remain a significant global health burden despite advancements in hepatology. Plant-based therapies offer promising hepatoprotective potential, highlighting the need to evaluate medicinal plants with therapeutic activity. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the methanolic extracts of the root and leaves of <em>Thalictrum foliolosum</em> and the leaves of <em>Cordia dichotoma</em> for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and hepatoprotective effects. Antimicrobial analysis revealed that <em>T. foliolosum</em> leaves extract showed maximum inhibition against <em>E. coli</em> (19.0 ± 1.0 mm) and the root extract against <em>S. typhi</em> (22.0 ± 1.0 mm), while <em>C. dichotoma</em> leaves extract against <em>Bacillus</em> sp<em>.</em> (17.3 ± 1.5 mm). Anti-inflammatory analysis showed that at 300 µg/mL, <em>C. dichotoma</em> leaves exhibited 48.10 ± 0.34 % inhibition, while <em>T. foliolosum</em> root and leaves extracts showed 46.35 ± 0.90 % and 44.77 ± 1.49 % inhibition, respectively. Furthermore, both extracts exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells, with <em>T. foliolosum</em> root and <em>C. dichotoma</em> leaf extracts showing CTC₅₀ values of 110.7 and 250.7 µg/mL, respectively. <em>In-vivo</em> studies showed that both the extracts significantly restored liver biomarkers in CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. <em>T. foliolosum</em> roots extract (200 mg/kg) reduced total bilirubin to 0.33 ± 0.06 mg%, conjugated bilirubin to 0.05 ± 0.02 mg%, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) to 120.50 ± 12.02 IU/L, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) to 52.00 ± 16.97 IU/L, and alkaline phosphate (ALP) to 205.50 ± 27.58 IU/L, while restoring total protein (5.70 ± 0.14 g%) and albumin (3.30 ± 0.14 g%). Similarly, <em>C. dichotoma</em> leaves extract (200 mg/kg) lowered total bilirubin to 0.34 ± 0.03 mg%, conjugated bilirubin to 0.06 ± 0.03 mg%, SGOT to 122.00 ± 2.83 IU/L, SGPT to 44.50 ± 3.54 IU/L, and ALP to 185.00 ± 29.70 IU/L, with improved total protein (5.60 ± 0.57 g%) and albumin (3.30 ± 0.14 g%). Molecular docking further supported the bioactivity of the extracts. Senecionine showed good affinity for the antibacterial target 4KR4 (−7.6 kcal/mol), while rutin exhibited the strongest binding to the anti-inflammatory (5IKR, −8.5 kcal/mol) and hepatoprotective (3SU4, −7.7 kcal/mol) targets. Overall, these findings revealed that <em>C. dichotoma</em> leaf extract exhibits stronger hepatoprotective activity than <em>T. foliolosum</em> root extract, supporting its further investigation in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of 2-aryl substituted benzimidazoles as bifunctional agents combining antiparasitic activity with radical-scavenging properties against Trichinella infection","authors":"Nikolay Lumov ,&nbsp;Kameliya Anichina ,&nbsp;Dimitar Vuchev ,&nbsp;Galya Popova-Daskalova ,&nbsp;Nadya Hristova-Avakumova ,&nbsp;Maya Guncheva ,&nbsp;Denitsa Yancheva","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this research was to synthesize a series of 2-arylbenzimidazoles and evaluate their anti-<em>Trichinella</em> activity and free radical scavenging potential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three complementary synthetic approaches were applied, and structures were confirmed by spectroscopic methods and DFT calculations. Biological evaluation included an <em>in vitro</em> anti-<em>Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis)</em> assay, <em>in vitro</em> tubulin polymerization study, antioxidant assays (superoxide anion radical scavenging, ferric reducing capacity and suppression of AAPH-induced oxidative damage of lecithin and deoxyribose), and cytotoxicity testing in BJ human fibroblasts using the MTT assay. <em>In silico</em> methods were used to predict lipophilicity and other physicochemical parameters for evaluating the expected bioavailability and drug-likeness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The compounds exhibited pronounced <em>in vitro</em> larvicidal activity against <em>T. spiralis</em> muscle larvae. At 100 μg/mL after 48 h, <strong>4aA</strong> and its 5(6)-nitro analogue <strong>4cA</strong> showed high efficacy (81.5% and 80.2%, respectively), while compound <strong>5</strong> demonstrated the strongest effect (95.7%). In tubulin polymerization assays, <strong>4aA</strong> slightly reduced the polymerization rate compared to control, whereas <strong>4cA</strong> and <strong>5</strong> significantly enhanced it. Antioxidant activity, including radical scavenging and ferric-reducing capacity, correlated with the observed anthelmintic effects. The presence of a 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl moiety contributed to both biological activities. The deoxyribose model showed the strongest consistency in the observed activities, with compound <strong>5</strong> displaying superior capacity to prevent oxidative degradation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compound <strong>5</strong> stands out as a promising lead for further investigation against <em>T. spiralis.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147649889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ShinyDisVar: A web application for identifying disease- and trait-associated variants using large-scale personal genetic information","authors":"Khunanon Chanasongkhram,&nbsp;Unitsa Sangket","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing web-based tools for identifying disease- and trait-associated genetic variants often struggle with scalability and limited database coverage. Their usability in routine genetic analysis and research is often reduced by a lack of support for whole-genome variants and incompatibility with the Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 38 (GRCh38). We developed ShinyDisVar, a web application built with the R Shiny framework. The application supports large-scale variant analysis from genomes by accepting whole-genome variant calling format (VCF) files and querying six integrated disease- and trait-related variant databases: GWAS Catalog, GWASdb, GRASP, GADCDC, Johnson and O’Donnell Database, and ClinVar. All databases were mapped to the GRCh38 genome assembly. Benchmarking was conducted using whole-genome VCF files from ten individuals in the 1000 Genomes Project, each containing 3.87 to 4.74 million variants. Moreover, unlike existing tools, ShinyDisVar uniquely reports disease and trait frequencies, quantifying how often each disease or trait appears across matched variants alongside per-database hit frequency. ShinyDisVar completed variant reading and analysis within 42 to 59 s per sample. Validation tests demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity when comparing outputs to known pathogenic and negative control datasets. The platform supports up to 9.5 million variants per file and delivers results in both tabular and graphical formats, allowing users to explore disease- and trait-associations interactively and export results for further analysis. ShinyDisVar addresses the limitations of current web tools by supporting whole-genome VCF input, integrating multiple curated disease and trait databases, and providing fast, accurate, and accessible variant analysis. It enables researchers and clinicians to identify disease- and trait-associated variants without requiring local computational infrastructure or programming expertise. ShinyDisVar is freely available as a user-friendly solution for large-scale genomic variant interpretation in both research and clinical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148452954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithmic prediction and thermochemical interpretability of biochar cation exchange capacity utilizing optimized gradient boosting decision trees","authors":"Murad Irshied Al-Maaitah,&nbsp;R. Roopashree,&nbsp;Lubna Ahmed Shihab,&nbsp;Ibrahim Hassan Mohammed,&nbsp;Subhashree Ray,&nbsp;Khushnud Azizjanov,&nbsp;Babamuratov Bekzod,&nbsp;Vipasha Sharma,&nbsp;Zarghuna Hekmatyar","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing biomass pyrolysis for environmental remediation is bottlenecked by the complex, non-linear thermochemical pathways governing the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of biochar. To circumvent costly empirical trial-and-error, this study aimed to develop a generalized machine learning framework capable of accurately predicting biochar CEC while decoupling its underlying mechanistic pathways. A comprehensive dataset encompassing elemental biomass compositions and operational parameters was modeled using a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree architecture. To ensure robust out-of-sample generalization, structural hyperparameters were optimized across four distinct algorithms: Statistical analysis revealed that Gaussian Process Optimization (GPO) achieved the optimal predictive equilibrium, yielding an exceptional testing coefficient of determination of 0.9353 with minimal error variations, effectively suppressing the overfitting observed in aggressively exploitative Bayesian variants. Additionally, the integration of Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) provided critical mathematical interpretability. Global and directional feature analyses validated a dual-pathway mechanism, demonstrating that CEC is primarily driven by the resilient inorganic ash fraction, while secondary organic functional potential is significantly throttled by devolatilization at elevated pyrolysis temperatures. This optimized framework offers a reliable computational foundation for tailoring biochar synthesis without exhaustive physical characterizations. It should be noted that due to current literature data constraints, the model omits critical predictors such as lignocellulosic ratios, heating rate, and categorical feedstock types, which remains a major limitation for future frameworks to address.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust prediction of biochar cation exchange capacity via interpretable ensemble and deep machine learning algorithms","authors":"Shahad Almansour ,&nbsp;Lulwah M. Alkwai ,&nbsp;Kusum Yadav ,&nbsp;Debashis K. Dutta ,&nbsp;Muneera Altayeb ,&nbsp;Zarghuna Hekmatyar","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a vital property governing nutrient retention and soil remediation efficiency, yet its prediction from feedstock and pyrolysis parameters remains challenging due to nonlinear interactions among compositional and thermal variables. This study aims to develop accurate, interpretable predictive frameworks for CEC estimation using ensemble and deep learning algorithms based on biomass and pyrolysis descriptors. A dataset of 210 experimentally validated records was compiled from peer-reviewed sources, encompassing biomass elemental composition (C, H, O, N, Ash), process variables (pyrolysis temperature, residence time), and post-char chemistry. Data quality was ensured through correlation analysis, leverage-based outlier detection, and standardized division into training (90%) and testing (10%) subsets. Fivefold cross-validation was implemented to provide statistically robust performance evaluation using coefficient of determination (R²), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Average Absolute Relative Error Percentage (AARE%). Among the six models examined (Decision Tree, AdaBoost (AB), Random Forest, Ensemble Learning, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN)) AB achieved the highest predictive accuracy (test R² = 0.915, AARE% = 32.05) with minimal generalization error, outperforming all alternatives. Error distribution plots and SHAP analysis established that Ash_biomass exerted the greatest positive influence on predicted CEC, while H_biomass, O_biomass, and T_py showed negative contributions, revealing compositional parameters as predominant determinants over operational conditions. The findings demonstrate that ensemble-based learners effectively balance bias and variance in small-to-moderate datasets, enabling reliable CEC forecasting and providing interpretable insight into biomass and pyrolysis mechanisms. These results deliver a scalable foundation for optimizing biochar production toward improved ion-exchange performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the therapeutic potential of 3,4-Dihydrocoumarin in cervical cancer: A combined network pharmacology and in vitro study","authors":"Bishnu Prasad Parida ,&nbsp;Suraj Thapliyal ,&nbsp;Anjali Mishra ,&nbsp;Boinapalli Gopichand ,&nbsp;Anu Rohit Melge ,&nbsp;Nidheesh Melethadathil ,&nbsp;Megha Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Sunita Singh ,&nbsp;Gopeshwar Narayan","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coumarin derivatives represent a versatile scaffold for anticancer drug discovery. This study explored the therapeutic potential of 3,4-dihydrocoumarin (3,4-DHC), a major bioactive non-curcuminoid metabolite from <em>Curcuma caesia</em>, against cervical carcinoma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Phytocomponents were characterized by LC-HRMS while pharmacokinetics and safety were assessed using SwissADME, Deep-pk, and ProTox-III. Network pharmacology integrating SwissTarget, GeneCards, and DisGeNET identified candidate targets followed by functional enrichment (DAVID) and hub gene prioritization (CytoNCA). Protein-ligand interactions were probed by AutoDock Vina and validated through 500 ns GROMACS simulations. Expression profiles were examined via GEPIA2 and Human Protein Atlas. <em>In vitro</em> validation employed HeLa and SiHa cells using MTT, Annexin V/PI, mitochondrial potential and ROS assays, ATP determination, and western blot analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3,4-DHC displayed favorable oral bioavailability, low toxicity, and drug-likeness. Network analysis highlighted CDK2, MMP9, and AKT1 as critical nodes among the hub genes. Docking predicted strong binding (−7.2 to −8.4 kcal/mol), corroborated by stable and energetically favorable MD interactions. Transcriptomic datasets confirmed overexpression and modulated promoter methylation of these targets in cervical tumors. Functionally, 3,4-DHC inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis, reduced ATP levels, and suppressed ROS, indicating impaired bioenergetics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>3,4-DHC exerts antitumor activity by targeting oncogenic regulators and triggering mitochondrial dysfunction, but the high concentration range needs to be addressed. These findings suggest 3,4-DHC as a potential anticancer molecule.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147537720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs) and their therapeutic activities: Current insights and future prospects","authors":"Lin Lat La Min,&nbsp;Do Thi Cat Tuong,&nbsp;Smirnova Elena,&nbsp;Dong I. Lee,&nbsp;Adhimoolam Karthikeyan,&nbsp;Taesun Min","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNs), ranging from 30 to 200 nm, are lipid bilayer membrane nanovesicles isolated from plant tissues that are structurally similar to mammalian exosomes. PELNs contain miRNAs, proteins, lipids, and secondary metabolites that contribute to their diverse therapeutic activities. Due to their easy availability, low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, relative safety and cost-effectiveness, PELNs are promising therapeutic modalities and drug encapsulation and delivery. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of PELNs to enter cells, modulate cellular activities, and treat various diseases, including inflammation, obesity, and cancer in preclinical models. Despite these encouraging outcomes, standardized methods for PELNs isolation and purification methods are lacking, and the mechanisms governing their cellular uptake and therapeutic effects remain unclear. This review discusses recent developments in PELNs-related research, focusing on disease treatment, underlying mechanisms, and highlights research gaps and future prospects for clinical translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148453097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons from marine osmoregulation: Comparative perspectives on salt-sensitive hypertension and human kidney–cardiovascular protection","authors":"Wiharjo Hadisuwarno,&nbsp;Dante Saksono Harbuwono,&nbsp;Edwin Hadinata,&nbsp;Pringgodigdo Nugroho,&nbsp;Eka Ginanjar,&nbsp;Dananti Kusumawindani,&nbsp;Raymond Rubianto Tajndrawinata,&nbsp;Sovia Salamah,&nbsp;Fahrul Nurkolis","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) is a major contributor to cardiovascular and renal morbidity and is characterized by an impaired ability to excrete excess dietary sodium, resulting in extracellular fluid expansion, vascular dysfunction, and persistent elevation of blood pressure. In humans, SSH involves a complex interplay among defective renal pressure–natriuresis, maladaptive activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and sympathetic nervous system, endothelial dysfunction, immune-mediated inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In contrast, marine fishes inhabit environments containing extremely high sodium chloride concentrations while maintaining osmotic and cardiovascular stability without developing hypertension. Their resilience is enabled by highly specialized osmoregulatory systems involving seawater ingestion, intestinal desalination, active branchial salt secretion, epithelial ion transporters, aquaporin-mediated water recovery, and reduced renal dependence for sodium elimination. This review synthesizes current evidence on the pathophysiology of human SSH and the molecular physiology of marine fish osmoregulation to identify translational insights for kidney and cardiovascular protection. Particular attention is given to conserved ion transport pathways, including Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, NKCC, CFTR, ANO1, aquaporins, claudins, and Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers, highlighting their functional parallels across vertebrates. We further propose the Marine Osmoregulation-Inspired Sodium Resilience Model (MOISRM), a conceptual framework describing layered mechanisms of sodium tolerance and cardiovascular protection. Finally, we discuss translational opportunities involving dietary sodium reduction, potassium optimization, natriuretic therapies, RAAS inhibition, immunomodulation, microbiome-targeted interventions, and novel epithelial transporter targets. By integrating comparative physiology with translational medicine, this review positions marine osmoregulation as a promising framework for advancing therapeutic strategies against salt-sensitive hypertension and kidney injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100412"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148624677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carica papaya L. valorization: a sustainable approach to achieve sustainable development goals","authors":"Rajni Dhalaria,&nbsp;Khomaizon Abdul Kadir Pahirul Zaman,&nbsp;Krishna Aayush,&nbsp;Marek Zdaniewicz,&nbsp;Shivam Ubale,&nbsp;Diána Ungai,&nbsp;Ayaz Mukarram Shaikh,&nbsp;Béla Kovács,&nbsp;Endre Harsányi","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2026.100408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The creation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a crucial step in addressing global challenges. However, achieving these objectives requires a focus on sustainable bioresource utilization. This paper discusses the potential of papaya biomass in contributing to several SDGs, including Zero Hunger, Good Health and Well-Being, Clean Water and Sanitation, and Affordable and Clean Energy. Various studies have highlighted the diverse applications of papaya, showcasing its use in functional foods, animal feeds, green metallic nanoparticles, carbon dots, biochar, bio-adsorbents, and biodiesel. Notably, acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies have confirmed the safety of papaya-derived products, making them suitable for large-scale commercial use. By leveraging papaya biomass, we can create sustainable solutions that support human well-being and environmental sustainability. This review aims to highlight the importance of papaya valorization in achieving SDGs and promoting a more sustainable future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148477725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}