Brain and Nerve最新文献_第2页

[Current Status and Explanation of Genetic Medicine].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770030215

Masaaki Matsushima, Yuka Shibata, Ichiro Yabe

引用次数: 0

[Mechanism of Microglial Surveillance and Protection against Alexander Disease Pathology].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770030281

Kozo Saito, Schuichi Koizumi

{"title":"[Mechanism of Microglial Surveillance and Protection against Alexander Disease Pathology].","authors":"Kozo Saito, Schuichi Koizumi","doi":"10.11477/mf.188160960770030281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.188160960770030281","url":null,"abstract":"Alexander disease, also known as primary astrocyte disease, is a neurological disorder caused by mutations in the astrocyte-specific gene GFAP. The most prominent pathological finding is Rosenthal fiber formation within the astrocyte cytoplasm, which is primarily composed of GFAP and heat shock proteins (α-B crystalline, HPS27). Although astrocyte-derived changes may have widespread effects on the central nervous system, resulting in pathological changes and clinical manifestations, the etiological mechanisms of the disease remain underexplored. Our recent study focused on microglia, a type of glial cell, and showed that microglia actively participate in the pathophysiology of Alexander disease. In a mouse model of Alexander disease, we observed that microglia sense elevated extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced by astrocytic pathology as a pathological signal through the P2Y12 receptor and suppress astrocyte pathology. Microglia have been shown to have important disease-modifying effects on Alexander disease. Overall, this study will contribute to the development of microglial manipulation-based therapies. In this review, we discuss the clinical features and experimental research on Alexander disease conducted to date. In addition, we discuss the topics of our recent study.","PeriodicalId":52507,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerve","volume":"77 3","pages":"281-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Communicating the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770030259

Yuishin Izumi, Yuki Nakayama

引用次数: 0

[Associations between Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Addiction].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020141

Sachio Matsushita

{"title":"[Associations between Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Addiction].","authors":"Sachio Matsushita","doi":"10.11477/mf.188160960770020141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.188160960770020141","url":null,"abstract":"Isolation and loneliness have been reported to be associated with premature death and are therefore considered to be serious public health issues. In animal studies, social isolation beginning in adolescent rodents has consistently been shown to increase alcohol consumption over time; however, this trend was observed only in males. In adult rodents, isolation has little effect on alcohol consumption. In human studies, population surveys have reported that isolation and loneliness are associated with less frequent drinking, whereas another study reported that greater loneliness is associated with alcohol problems in men. A nationwide Internet cohort study in Japan revealed that non-high-risk drinkers experiencing significant loneliness were more likely to become high-risk drinkers than those not experiencing significant loneliness. Another study examined the effects of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on drinking behavior among young adults and showed that the harmful use of alcohol was reduced only among women. Notably, in participants with increased depression and anxiety, loneliness was associated with increased alcohol use. Behaviors such as gambling and gaming have also been reported to be associated with loneliness and stress. A follow-up study in Finland determined that loneliness increased gaming problems, but not gambling problems. Interestingly, stress was reported to increase both gambling and gaming problems.","PeriodicalId":52507,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerve","volume":"77 2","pages":"141-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Pathophysiology and Clinical Presentation of Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormality Induced by Anti-Amyloid-β Antibody Lecanemab].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020175

Hidekazu Tomimoto, Mariko Matsumoto, Hiroko Shiina, Yuka Saeki, Tetsuhiro Niidome, Yosuke Nakamura

引用次数: 0

[Childhood Maltreatment (Inappropriate Nurturing) from Parent to Child Caused by Isolation and Loneliness].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020161

Akemi Tomoda

引用次数: 0

[Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Suicide].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020149

Hirokazu Tachikawa, Yuki Shiratori, Miyuki Aiba, Naoaki Kawakami, Daichi Sugawara

引用次数: 0

[Isolation and Loneliness Shaped by Society and the Mind].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020105

Mitsuhiro Ura

引用次数: 0

[Social Isolation, Loneliness, Anxiety, and Depression in Older Adults].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020133

Hidehito Niimura

引用次数: 0

[Childhood Social Isolation and Social Brain Development].

Brain and Nerve Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.11477/mf.188160960770020155

Ayako Kawatake-Kuno, Hirofumi Morishita

{"title":"[Childhood Social Isolation and Social Brain Development].","authors":"Ayako Kawatake-Kuno, Hirofumi Morishita","doi":"10.11477/mf.188160960770020155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.188160960770020155","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness has a profound impact on mental health, and childhood loneliness is particularly detrimental to social development. In mice, juvenile social isolation disrupts adult social investigation and proper functioning of the prefrontal cortex. However, adult social isolation does not induce major social deficits, suggesting the existence of \"social critical period.\" This critical period refers to the developmental window during which the brain exhibits high experience-dependent plasticity, leading to permanently altered wiring. Inappropriate environmental exposure during this critical period can cause lifelong abnormal neural circuit reorganization and atypical development. Clarification of the mechanisms underlying typical social development or aberrant formation of sociability during the critical period can enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of various psychiatric disorders and pave the way for early detection and intervention. In this review, we present recent evidence from cross-species studies of the effects of juvenile social isolation on the maturation of social processing and the frontal cortex. Furthermore, we discuss how we can identify optimal intervention timing or detect novel therapeutic targets for psychiatric disorders from the perspective of the socially critical period by promoting a mechanistic understanding of the effect of childhood loneliness in animal models.","PeriodicalId":52507,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Nerve","volume":"77 2","pages":"155-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0