Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria最新文献_第3页

Dilemas y ética del cuidado: conservar y cuidar la autonomía de la persona con demencia 护理的困境和伦理:保持和照顾痴呆症患者的自主权

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.002

{"title":"Dilemas y ética del cuidado: conservar y cuidar la autonomía de la persona con demencia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Dementias constitute a group of diseases that notoriously affect people who suffer from them, especially in terms of their independence and decision-making, leading the caregiver to assume or make various decisions about the patient. However, in the past this was explained by the fact that there was a theoretical and narrative insufficiency around patients with dementia, which led us to ignore that they still conserved their decision-making capacity as well as their autonomy.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This text proposes to defend the existence of autonomy in these patients and a way about how we can take care of it and preserve it in the medical field, through an ethical position based on the care and recognition of vulnerability.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>An approach focused on the ethics of care and vulnerability by Ronald Dworkin, Emmanuel Levinas and Corine Pelluchon focused on the person with dementia. I introduced a scale that allows assessing autonomy and decision-making in people with dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>To guarantee the dignity of the person with dementia, it is necessary to understand how they are autonomous, in terms of self-governance and seeking to reduce asymmetries in relationships. In addition, always include caregivers and family members in decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>People with dementia are autonomous in an individual or personal sense and deserve respect. Although they are in a state of vulnerability, there are different mechanisms focused on their care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47808800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Horizon, Zenith and Atmosphere (1925) Paul Klee 地平线、天顶和大气层（1925 年）保罗-克利

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2024.09.001

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic 科维德-19 大流行期间哥伦比亚医护人员焦虑症状的流行情况。

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004

{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in a Colombian HCW sample during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey (May–June 2020). Respondents were HCWs in Colombia reached by a nonprobability sample. Zung's self-rating anxiety scale allowed the estimation of prevalence and classification of anxiety symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 568 HCWs answered the questionnaire, 66.0% were women, the mean age was 38.6±11.4 years. 28.9% presented with anxiety symptoms, of whom 9.2% were moderate–severe. Characteristics such as living with relatives at higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.308–2.762), female sex (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.422–3.277), and personal history of psychiatric illness (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.08–5.57) were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Access to sufficient personal protective equipment (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.318–0.903) and age >40 years (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.358–0.789) were associated with lower anxiety levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anxious symptoms are common in the population of HCWs faced with patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies are required to intervene with subgroups at risk of developing higher levels of anxiety during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9306240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estrategias para el tratamiento del paciente agitado: trato digno y reducción del riesgo de daños 躁动患者的治疗策略:有尊严的治疗和减少伤害风险

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.006

{"title":"Estrategias para el tratamiento del paciente agitado: trato digno y reducción del riesgo de daños","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the profound changes in the fields of psychiatry and mental health, a process of redefinition of mechanical or physical restraint has been developed. From an ethical point of view, physical restraint is a useful and even necessary procedure, as long as it is adjusted to precise clinical indications. It should be established as a last therapeutic resource that is used in extreme situations to control behaviours that involve a high risk for the patient himself, for other people in his or her environment and for health professionals, after all other alternative measures such as the verbal approach or containment, environmental and / or behavioural measures and pharmacological containment have failed.</div><div>In some cases, the possibility of applying physical restriction and the use of forced medication is proposed, however, it has been observed that they may become non-therapeutic measures, as well as damage the patient-doctor relationship and be perceived by the patient as an aggression.</div><div>It is important that health professionals understand the ethical and therapeutic implications of physical restraint or forced medication, so that they are familiar with both its practice and theory, and to instruct staff on the proper management of the patient avoiding his or her dehumanisation. In the treatment of the agitated patient, it is essential to understand the precise indications for the application of therapeutic measures, since they should not be used punitively and it is expected that they be used as little as possible and only when other interventions have not been effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 355-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46981437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental Imagery: Investigating the Limits of Mental Partitioning 心理想象探究心理分区的局限性

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2024.01.002

{"title":"Mental Imagery: Investigating the Limits of Mental Partitioning","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Do we form mental models which bear an analogical relation to the real world like those of a photograph? Has the language of thought an analogue nature (it makes use of mental imagery) or whether it is exclusively of digital nature like language?</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The basic aim of the present study is to contribute to the ongoing work on mental imagery by extending the research to an unexplored area that of mental partitioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present research sample consisted of 498 participants (234 males and 264 females). We used the SPSS software package in order to analyze our data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to our results, we detected significant peculiarities in the cognitive performance of the participants in the tasks of mental partitioning of the Moebius strip, indicating certain limitations inherent in human thinking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The position we are led to adopt is closer to that of Pylyshyn (2003), who maintained that visual mental imagery depends on abstract form of thought and on previous knowledge. Specifically, it rests on previous abstract propositional thought and knowledge rather than on concrete perceptual processes like the ones proposed by Kosslyn and Sheppard. The present work investigates a potentially valuable theoretical basis in imagery research for understanding maladaptive imagery across various related clinical disorders, while encouraging multidisciplinary approaches among cognitive psychological/neuroscientific and clinical domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 219-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adherencia al Tratamiento Psicofarmacológico de los Pacientes con Trastornos Mentales Graves y Persistentes: Revisión Sistemática 严重和持续性精神障碍患者的精神药理学治疗依从性:系统综述

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.01.006

María José Alvear Velásquez, Iván Patricio Sandoval Carrión

{"title":"Adherencia al Tratamiento Psicofarmacológico de los Pacientes con Trastornos Mentales Graves y Persistentes: Revisión Sistemática","authors":"María José Alvear Velásquez, Iván Patricio Sandoval Carrión","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>It is known that non-adherence to psychiatric medications has harmful consequences for both patients and society.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To collect information on the incidence of non-adherence, and the factors and causes affecting adherence to psychopharmacological treatment in patients with severe and persistent mental disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review of scientific articles on adult patients (>17 years) published in the last five years (2015-2020) on specialised databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Scielo and BioMed. Original articles from indexed journals with an impact factor>0.5, in English or Spanish, with an analytical, prospective, retrospective, cross-sectional and randomised design were included. Once the articles were identified, they were analysed, extracting the information necessary to answer the research questions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifteen articles were included. Of these, 40% (n=6) were published in 2020, 20% (n=3) were produced in China and 53.3% (n=8) had an observational design. A total of 5,837 patients were included, of which 50.6% were men (n=2,955), with moderate adherence (n=10; 66.7%) reported in 10 investigations. Non-adherence varies from 7.7% to 60.6%. The factors that affect adherence are specific to the patient (age and sex), their family support network, and related to the disease or the treatment. The main cause of non-adherence is lack of insight.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Adherence to treatment with psychotropic drugs is multifactorial. Access to mental health services should be improved, with an emphasis placed on patient education and providing greater knowledge of mental illness. Interventions to promote education and interaction with the psychiatrist could be beneficial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 192-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46231306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Problematic Internet Use and Personality Traits: Results in Working Age Adults 有问题的互联网使用和个性特征：工作年龄成年人的结果

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.03.002

Sofia A. Cárdenas Garza , Reinhard Janssen Aguilar , Ángel Alberto Ruíz Chow

引用次数: 0

Case Report of Retarded Catatonia: Always Consider Catatonia as a Differential Diagnosis of Altered Mental Status 迟发性卡塔尼亚病例报告：始终将卡塔尼亚视为精神状态改变的鉴别诊断

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.003

Irma Munoz Verdugo , Jose Lopez , Sandra Cordova

{"title":"Case Report of Retarded Catatonia: Always Consider Catatonia as a Differential Diagnosis of Altered Mental Status","authors":"Irma Munoz Verdugo , Jose Lopez , Sandra Cordova","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Catatonia is a rare neuropsychiatric condition; it is estimated that around 10% of patients with mood disorders present signs and symptoms of catatonia. A catatonic syndrome is characterised by mutism, negativism, rigidity, and stupor.</p></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><p>We report the case of a 59-year-old patient with a medical history of bipolar disorder who was admitted to the internal medicine service due to a seizure episode. During hospitalisation, the patient presented significant worsening of her clinical condition, showing marked symptoms of stupor and catatonia. Once the neurological and metabolic etiologies of altered mental status had been ruled out, pharmacological treatment with high doses of lorazepam was started. The patient had a complete clinical remission, and her evolution was favourable without any complications. Electroconvulsive therapy was recommended as a definitive treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The diagnosis of catatonia is a challenge for both hospitalists and psychiatrists due to the clinical presentation of catatonia. In reporting this clinical case, we want to emphasise the importance of taking into account the catatonic syndrome in our differential diagnoses in patients with altered mental status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 206-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46261917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tratamiento Exitoso para la Depresión Grave con Riesgo Suicida en un Paciente Trasplantado de Corazón 成功治疗心脏移植患者有自杀风险的严重抑郁症

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.03.001

María del Mar Arango-Posada, Ana Isabel Prada-Escobar, Carolina Marín-Hernández, Veronica Monsalve-Franco, Diana Restrepo-Bernal

{"title":"Tratamiento Exitoso para la Depresión Grave con Riesgo Suicida en un Paciente Trasplantado de Corazón","authors":"María del Mar Arango-Posada, Ana Isabel Prada-Escobar, Carolina Marín-Hernández, Veronica Monsalve-Franco, Diana Restrepo-Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Major depressive disorder is related to unfavourable outcomes in patients with severe comorbidities. In transplant patients, major depression is associated with worse clinical outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><p>We present the case of a 55-year-old man with a heart transplant due to heart failure of ischaemic origin. Six months after the transplant he developed depressed mood, anhedonia and suicidal ideation with a score of 20/27 on the PHQ-9 depression screening scale. After receiving mirtazapine 30 mg/night for a week and persisting with a high suicide risk, it was decided to administer ketamine infusion for 24hours, with which a significant improvement in mood was observed, and the disappearance of suicidal ideation 24hours after the infusion.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Depression in transplant patients is a factor associated with graft loss and post-transplant mortality, in addition to favouring other negative outcomes such as deep vein thrombosis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Ketamine infusion was shown to be an effective and safe option to treat major depression with suicidal risk in a heart transplant patient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 210-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45992388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estructura de los síntomas de depresión según el CES-D y la ZDS en pacientes ambulatorios de un hospital general de Lima, Perú 秘鲁利马一家综合医院门诊病人抑郁症状的CES-D和ZDS结构

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.002

Jair R. Jara-Fernández, Nieves Gutiérrez-Kolotvina, Jhoselyn Milagros Flores-Egocheaga, Paulo Ruíz-Grosso, Johann M. Vega-Dienstmaier

{"title":"Estructura de los síntomas de depresión según el CES-D y la ZDS en pacientes ambulatorios de un hospital general de Lima, Perú","authors":"Jair R. Jara-Fernández, Nieves Gutiérrez-Kolotvina, Jhoselyn Milagros Flores-Egocheaga, Paulo Ruíz-Grosso, Johann M. Vega-Dienstmaier","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Depression represents one of the leading causes of disability due to illness worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the significant heterogeneity of the diagnosis of depression, making it necessary to develop new diagnostic approaches. Network analysis is a perspective that considers symptoms as constituents of the psychiatric disorder itself. The objective was to determine the structure of depressive symptoms using the CES-D and ZDS depression scales.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional study of secondary analysis of 194 patients using the CES-D and ZDS scales. Correlation matrices and regularised partial correlation networks were constructed from the database. Centrality measures were estimated, and a network stability analysis was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>On the CES-D scale, the most central item was “Sad”; while on the ZDS scale, the most central items were “Sad” and “Live”. On the CES-D scale, the connection between “Enjoy” and “Happy” was the strongest. On the ZDS scale, the strongest connection was between the items “Live” with “Useful”. The item “Morning” was the least connected on the ZDS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The most central symptom from the CES-D scale was sadness, while from the ZDS scale, was sadness and anhedonia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43627795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0