CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology最新文献_第6页

Key Points for Issue. 问题的关键点。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/01.cont.0001118136.28649.d7

引用次数: 0

A New Specialty Under Pressure. 压力下的新专业。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001610

Lyell K Jones

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Table of Contents. 目录表。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001581

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Childhood-onset Hydrocephalus. 儿童脑积水。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001578

Shenandoah Robinson

{"title":"Childhood-onset Hydrocephalus.","authors":"Shenandoah Robinson","doi":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001578","DOIUrl":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001578","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article highlights important concepts of caring for patients with childhood-onset hydrocephalus across the lifespan, emphasizing recent advances and current areas of controversy.Latest developments: There are numerous causes of symptomatic hydrocephalus in neonates, infants, and children, and each etiology predicts the typical clinical course across the lifespan. Because the major cellular components essential for CSF dynamics develop predominantly during the third trimester and first 6 months after term birth, directly overlapping with the onset of many types of fetal, neonatal, and infantile hydrocephalus, the timing of onset impacts lifelong management. The treatment of childhood-onset hydrocephalus varies dramatically worldwide due to the differing etiologies and access to neurosurgical interventions. The surgical options for CSF diversion have advanced over the past decade, with a better appreciation of which techniques are more successful for the various types of childhood-onset hydrocephalus. These advances include using temporary shunt devices to delay permanent CSF diversion and endoscopic third ventriculostomy, at times with choroid plexus cauterization.Essential points: Etiology and age of onset impact the lifelong management of individuals living with childhood-onset hydrocephalus, with a rapid pace of evidence-based changes in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":52475,"journal":{"name":"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology","volume":"31 3","pages":"850-864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atraumatic Cranial CSF Leaks. 非外伤性脑脊液泄漏。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001571

Erin K O'Brien, Maria Peris Celda

{"title":"Atraumatic Cranial CSF Leaks.","authors":"Erin K O'Brien, Maria Peris Celda","doi":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001571","DOIUrl":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001571","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article reviews the most common presenting symptoms and radiographic findings of atraumatic cranial CSF leaks, surgical management of skull base leaks, and postoperative management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).Latest developments: IIH is now widely accepted as a causative factor in the development of thinning of the bone of the anterior and lateral skull base and formation of encephaloceles or arachnoid granulations through the skull base with resulting CSF leaks into the aerated sinuses or middle ear and mastoid cavities. Demographic characteristics and presenting symptoms may differ slightly between patients with IIH and those with CSF leaks, but in both populations, management of elevated intracranial CSF pressure is required. Dural venous stenosis is associated with both conditions, and stenting of transverse or sigmoid sinus stenotic segments is now considered a treatment option for IIH.Essential points: Atraumatic cranial CSF leaks present with clear fluid either dripping from the nose or accumulating in the middle ear and mastoid because of bony and dural defects in the anterior or lateral skull base. Cranial CSF leaks are often associated with IIH, and treatment requires both repair of the skull base defects and management of IIH. Timely diagnosis and treatment of CSF leaks and IIH are necessary to prevent meningitis and decrease the risk of recurrence of leaks or sequelae of IIH. Patients with these CSF leaks should be evaluated for IIH by imaging or postoperative lumbar puncture with opening pressure because pressure may increase further once the CSF leak is repaired. Medication, weight loss, and CSF shunting are management options for elevated CSF pressure, but imaging for intracranial venous stenosis should be considered with venous stenting for treatment of elevated venous pressure.","PeriodicalId":52475,"journal":{"name":"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology","volume":"31 3","pages":"757-768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Management of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. 常压脑积水的处理。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001569

Kaisorn L Chaichana, Jeremy K Cutsforth-Gregory

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Treatment of Persistent Headache After Normalization of CSF Pressure. 脑脊液压力恢复正常后持续性头痛的治疗。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001573

Olga Fermo

{"title":"Treatment of Persistent Headache After Normalization of CSF Pressure.","authors":"Olga Fermo","doi":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001573","DOIUrl":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001573","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Headache is the most common symptom of intracranial hypertension and hypotension and may not remit after normalization of intracranial pressure. This article reviews the clinical presentation, mechanism, differential diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and monitoring of persistent headache after normalization of intracranial pressure in the setting of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and spontaneous intracranial hypotension.Latest developments: Erenumab, a monoclonal antibody to the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, was shown to reduce headache frequency in the first-ever prospective study of headache treatment in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension in ocular remission. Similar avenues remain to be explored for spontaneous intracranial hypotension even though it has been shown that some patients continue with headache despite radiographic resolution of CSF leaks.Essential points: Headache is the most common symptom to herald an intracranial pressure disturbance and may not resolve despite normalization of pressure. Neurologists must be aware that persistent headache does not automatically imply abnormal intracranial pressure in patients with previous disorders of CSF dynamics and informed of the possible alternative headache etiologies in these populations.","PeriodicalId":52475,"journal":{"name":"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology","volume":"31 3","pages":"769-789"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symptomatic Treatment of Neuro-ophthalmic Visual Disturbances. 神经眼科视力障碍的对症治疗。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1212/cont.0000000000001562

Sachin Kedar

{"title":"Symptomatic Treatment of Neuro-ophthalmic Visual Disturbances.","authors":"Sachin Kedar","doi":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001562","DOIUrl":"10.1212/cont.0000000000001562","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Neuro-ophthalmic deficits can significantly impair quality of life. This article reviews neuro-ophthalmic symptoms and their impact on activities of daily living and discusses therapies that can improve quality of life.Latest developments: Loss of central vision, peripheral visual field deficits, and diplopia can result in loss of driving privileges, restricted ambulation, impaired reading, and poor social interaction. Poor vision is associated with worse cognition and mental health deterioration in older patients, which can be reversed by ophthalmic interventions such as cataract surgery. Ophthalmic conditions such as dry eye syndrome and convergence insufficiency are common in patients with neurologic diseases such as Parkinson disease and can affect daily activities such as reading and watching television. Low-vision occupational therapy can improve quality of life by helping patients adjust to visual disturbances from neuro-ophthalmic disorders. Vision-related quality of life is an important outcome measure in studies of neuro-ophthalmic diseases. It is most frequently measured using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire.Essential points: Neurologists should screen vision, visual symptoms, and vision-related quality of life when managing patients with neurologic diseases. Patients must be encouraged to consult an eye care provider to manage common ophthalmic conditions such as refractive error, dry eyes, and cataracts. Neurologists should partner with low-vision occupational therapy services to improve vision, cognition, mental health, and quality of life in patients with these conditions.","PeriodicalId":52475,"journal":{"name":"CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology","volume":"31 2","pages":"566-582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Postreading Self-Assessment and CME Test. 读后自我评估和继续医学教育测试。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1212/CON.0000000000001547

Douglas J Gelb, Adam Kelly

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Key Points for Issue. 问题要点。

CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1212/01.cont.0001110764.63401.62

引用次数: 0