Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi最新文献

{"title":"[Antibacterial new diketopiperazines and azaphilones from endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum derived from Emmenopterys henryi].","authors":"Jiao Fu, Wen-Hui Men, Shi-Yi Shi, Meng Yuan, Hui-Qin Chen, Wen-Li Mei, Zhi-Yong Guo, Xue-Qing Zhang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260506.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260506.201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Six secondary metabolites were isolated from the rice fermentation products of the endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum from Emmenopterys henryi by silica gel column chromatography, gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Their structures were elucidated by NMR, mass spectrometry, and other spectroscopic methods in combination with literature data. The compounds were identified as penicilazine A(1), penicilazine B(2), penicilazone C(3), chermesinone B(4), chaetoglobosin G(5), and communesin D(6). Compounds 1 and 2 are diketopiperazine alkaloids. Among them, compound 1 was obtained from nature for the first time, and compound 2 was identified as a new compound. Compound 3 was identified as a new azaphilone-type compound. Antibacterial activity assays showed that compound 1 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Vibrio alginolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Erwinia carotovora with MIC values of 12.5, 12.5, and 25 μg·mL~(-1), respectively. Compound 2 displayed antibacterial activity against V. anguillarum and V. alginolyticus, with MIC values of 25 μg·mL~(-1) for both strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5282-5288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Integration of multi-dimensional quality evaluation and multi-modal detection technology of fresh-cut TCM].","authors":"Zi-Xin Chen, Ling-Yun Zhong, Cong-Min Liu, Wen-Hua Wu, Wen-Jie Bao","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quality standards for TCM are central to ensuring clinical efficacy and medication safety. Fresh-cut processing as an immediate post-harvest processing technology effectively minimizes component losses and enhances the quality of decoction pieces. However, the current supporting quality evaluation system remains underdeveloped, characterized by fragmented evaluation dimensions, a lack of dedicated indicators, and insufficient integration of modern technologies. This paper systematically reviews existing studies on fresh-cut processing to establish a multidimensional evaluation framework encompassing appearance characteristics, physicochemical properties, proprietary standards, and rapid testing technologies. This framework deeply integrates traditional expertise with multi-modal detection techniques such as intelligent sensory analysis, hyperspectral imaging, and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). Then, this paper systematically analyzes the application value of this framework in quality control. The framework provides robust theoretical and practical support for the standardized implementation of fresh-cut processing technology, driving the innovative development of traditional processing in the modern context.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5233-5240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Antidepressant mechanism of essential oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia based on 5-HT1AR/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway].","authors":"Ao-Tao Zhao, Qi-Yue Peng, Yu Tang, Ze-Yang Zhang, Yuan-Lin Gao, Hao Wang, Xiong-Wei Zhang, Jiu-Seng Zeng, Nan Zeng","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260601.701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260601.701","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study aims to investigate the antidepressant effects of essential oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia and its mechanism of action on intervening the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor(5-HT1AR)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)/protein kinase A(PKA) signaling pathway in the depression mouse models induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress( CUMS). The 5-HT1AR agonist 8-OH-DPAT(1. 5 mg·kg~(-1)) and 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI(1 mg·kg~(-1)) were administered to induce 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) syndrome-like behaviors in mice, and the effects of essential oil from S. tenuifolia on the 5-HT system were observed. CUMS depression mouse models were employed, and after six weeks of continuous modeling, mice were divided into the model group, the vortioxetine group(10 mg·kg~(-1)), and the low-dose and high-dose(50, 100 mg·kg~(-1)) essential oil from S. tenuifolia groups based on the sucrose preference test( SPT) results, with a blank group as control. Mice in each group received continuous intragastric administration for four weeks, with the modeling procedure continuing during the treatment period. After four weeks of administration, the SPT, tail suspension test( TST), forced swimming test( FST), and open field test( OFT) were conducted to evaluate antidepressant-like effects of the drugs. Nissl staining was employed to assess hippocampal neuronal damage in mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of tryptophan(Trp) and 5-HT in the serum and hippocampal tissue. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was used to detect 5-HT1AR expression levels in the hippocampus. The RNA-Seq technique was used to analyze differentially expressed genes in the mice's hippocampus, and the potential action targets were analyzed via GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Subsequently, RT-qPCR and Western blot were employed to detect m RNA and protein expression levels of key target molecules in the 5-HT1AR/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in the hippocampal tissue. RESULTS:: show that essential oil from S. tenuifolia significantly increases the times of mice's body squats, tremors, and hindlimb abduction induced by 8-OH-DPAT and reduces DOI-induced count of head twitching episodes of mice. The sucrose preference rate and central zone residence time in the OFT of CUMS model mice were significantly increased. In contrast, the immobility time in the FST and TST was markedly shortened. After using the essential oil from S. tenuifolia, the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 and DG regions of CUMS model mice, as well as the levels of Trp in the serum and hippocampus and 5-HT in the hippocampus, were increased. In contrast, 5-HT1AR expression level in hippocampal CA3 and DG regions was upregulated. RNA-Seq detection results suggest that the antidepressant effects of essential oil from S. tenuifolia may be highly associated with the cAMP/PKA signal transduction pathway. Validation experiments demonstrate that essential oil from S. tenuifolia significa","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 17","pages":"5027-5039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparative study on quality of wild Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus from different botanical origins and geographical regions].","authors":"Ya-Fei Fu, Xiao-Bo Wu, Jie Zhang, Bin Yang, De-Quan Zhang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260507.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260507.406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus(FCB) is a precious geo-authentic medicinal material from high-altitude regions, and its pharmacologically active substances are primarily alkaloids and nucleosides. To systematically evaluate the quality of these active substances in wild samples from different botanical origins and geographical regions, the content of four alkaloids(peimisine, peimine, peiminine, and edpetiline) and twelve nucleosides in 19 wild samples of different origins(Fritillaria cirrhosa, F. unibracteata, and F. przewalskii) was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector(HPLC-ELSD) and diode array detector(HPLC-DAD), respectively. The compositional differences were further compared by principal component analysis(PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA), and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA). The results showed that alkaloid contents varied significantly among different botanical origins and geographical regions, while nucleoside content showed relatively minor variations. F. cirrhosa exhibited higher total alkaloid and individual alkaloid content than the other two species. However, substantial intraspecific variations were observed among samples from different geographical regions. Peimisine and peimine were detectable in most samples, whereas peiminine and edpetiline were not detected in the majority of samples. Although certain differences in the composition and content of the pharmacologically active components existed among the three original species, the overall chemical profiles exhibited considerable similarity, preliminarily supporting their interchangeability in medicinal use. The samples of F. cirrhosa collected from Daofu, Litang, and Xiangcheng in the Ganzi Prefecture were rich in both alkaloids and nucleosides, suggesting that these populations may represent potential superior provenances of FCB. This study provides experimental data to support selective breeding and production base site selection for FCB. However, owing to limitations in the representativeness of the sampling areas, comparability among samples, and detection sensitivity, the distribution and accumulation patterns of pharmacologically active substances among species and across production areas have not yet been clearly elucidated. Further research with expanded sampling coverage and higher-sensitivity analytical techniques is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5241-5252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diversity of endophytes in licorice from different habitats based on metagenomics and analysis of their correlation with accumulation of active ingredients].","authors":"Ting Li, Zhong-Xing Song, Ding-Mao Yang, Guang-Xi Ren, Yan Yin, Yong-Gang Yan, Jing Gao, Dan Jiang, Chun-Sheng Liu","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260415.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260415.406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Licorice is an important TCM. Its medicinal quality mainly depends on the accumulation of active ingredients such as flavonoids(such as liquiritin and isoliquiritin) and triterpenoids(such as glycyrrhizic acid), and the endogenous microbial community is considered an important environmental factor influencing the synthesis of these components. To analyze the regulatory effect of endophytes on secondary metabolites of licorice, metagenomic sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography were used to compare and analyze the composition and function of endophytes in wild and cultivated licorice roots as well as their relationship with the main active ingredients. The results showed that the content of liquiritin, isoliquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid in wild licorice was significantly higher than that in cultivated licorice. The metagenomic analysis annotated that the endophytes in wild licorice belonged to 31 phyla and 315 genera, while those in cultivated licorice belonged to 24 phyla and 125 genera. Among them, Rathayibacter, Plantibacter, and other genera were significantly enriched in wild licorice, while only Lysobacter was significantly enriched in cultivated licorice. Functional annotations indicated that the endophytes in wild licorice were enriched in pathways such as two-component systems, nitrogen metabolism, and aminoacyl tRNA synthesis, while those in cultivated licorice were enriched in pathways such as photosynthesis and carbon fixation. Further correlation analysis revealed that some endophyte genera(such as Phenylobacterium and Microbacterium) and functional pathways(such as signal transduction and terpenoid metabolism) were significantly positively correlated with the content of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin. In addition, the abundance of glycosyltransferases and cytochrome P450 in endophytes in wild licorice was significantly higher than that in cultivated licorice. This indicated that they had an enzymatic basis for participating in the synthesis of host glycosides. This research systematically reveals the differences in endophytic community structure, function, and accumulation of active ingredients between wild and cultivated licorice, providing a theoretical basis for understanding the microbial mechanism of endophytes regulating the quality of licorice, and also offering references for developing microbial fertilizers to improve the quality of licorice.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5253-5261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Quercetin attenuates atherosclerosis by promoting ABCA1/G1-mediated cholesterol efflux and suppressing neutrophil extracellular trap formation].","authors":"Jun Liu, Ting-Ting Yuan, Yu Mao, Dan Wu, Qian Li, Hong-Guo Li","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260602.901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260602.901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on atherosclerosis(AS) in apolipoprotein E knockout(ApoE~(-/-))mice and the mechanism underlying the regulation of cholesterol efflux mediated by adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1/G1(ABCA1/G1) pathway and neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) formation. An AS model was established by feeding Apo E~(-/-)mice with a high-fat diet. The mice were divided into a blank control group, a model group, an atorvastatin calcium group, and lowand high-dose quercetin groups. Serum levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and IL-1β were measured using biochemical methods. Biliary cholesterol excretion rate was determined by acute bile duct cannulation. Hepatic pathology and aortic plaque area were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and oil red O staining. Collagen and elastic fiber changes in plaques were evaluated by Masson and Verhoeff's Van Gieson(VVG) staining. CD3 and CD68 protein expressions in the aortic root and the colocalization of citrullinated histone H3(Cit-H3) and myeloperoxidase(MPO) were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence double staining, respectively. ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expressions in liver and aortic tissues were detected by Western blot. The results showed that in the model group, serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β were significantly elevated, hepatic lipid deposition was pronounced, aortic plaque area was enlarged, collagen deposition and elastic fiber rupture were aggravated, inflammatory cell infiltration and NET formation in plaques were enhanced, whereas serum HDL-C level,biliary cholesterol excretion rate, and ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expressions decreased. Following quercetin intervention, all these abnormal indicators were significantly improved, as evidenced by reduced blood lipid and inflammatory cytokine levels, alleviated hepatic lipid deposition, decreased aortic plaque area, stabilized collagen and elastic fiber architecuture in plaques, suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration and NET formation, accelerated biliary cholesterol excretion, and upregulated ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expressions. The effects of quercetin were dose-dependent, and the high-dose group showed comparable efficacy to atorvastatin calcium. In conclusion, quercetin may effectively attenuate the progression of AS in Apo E~(-/-)mice by upregulating ABCA1/G1-mediated cholesterol efflux, inhibiting NET formation, and alleviating inflammatory responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 17","pages":"5053-5061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Qingzao Jiufei Decoction on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via JAK1/STAT6 signaling pathway-mediated polarization of M2 macrophages].","authors":"Chen-Xi Gao, Tai-Qiang Jiao, Ning Wang, Xing-Ji Han, De-Fang Li, Yang Niu, Chun-Yang Mao","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260520.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260520.801","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study investigated the effects of Qingzao Jiufei Decoction on M2 macrophage polarization in bleomycin(BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis(PF) mice via the janus kinase 1(JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6(STAT6) signaling pathway. Sixty C57BL/BJ mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, pirfenidone group(200 mg·kg~(-1)), and low-, medium-, and high-dose Qingzao Jiufei Decoction groups(4.9, 9.8, and 19.6 g·kg~(-1)). The PF model was established in the model and treatment groups by intratracheal instillation of BLM(5 mg·kg~(-1)). Mice in each group were administered the same volume of normal saline or the corresponding dose of Qingzao Jiufei Decoction by gavage for 21 consecutive days. After 21 days, blood gas analysis was performed. ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-13(IL-13), arginase-1(Arg-1), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), and interleukin-10(IL-10) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF). HE and Masson staining were performed to observe pathological changes in lung tissue and for histopathological scoring. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), type Ⅰ collagen(COL-1), the macrophage marker CD11b, and the M2 macrophage marker CD206. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of JAK1/STAT6 signaling pathway-related proteins and mRNA, as well as M2 macrophage-related proteins and mRNA, in lung tissue. The results showed that, compared with the normal group, the levels of IL-4, IL-13, Arg-1, TGF-β, and IL-10 in BALF were significantly increased in the model group(P&lt;0.01). Histopathological staining revealed extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and increased collagen fiber deposition in the alveolar septa, accompanied by significantly increased Szapiel alveolitis scores and Ashcroft fibrosis scores(P&lt;0.01). Immunofluorescence staining showed significantly increased fluorescence intensity of α-SMA, COL-1, CD11b, and CD206. The mRNA expression levels of JAK1, STAT6, CD206, and Arg-1, as well as the protein expression levels of phosphorylated(p)-JAK1, p-STAT6, CD206, and Arg-1 in lung tissue, were significantly increased(P&lt;0.01). Compared with the model group, treatment with Qingzao Jiufei Decoction significantly reduced the levels of IL-4, IL-13, Arg-1, TGF-β, and IL-10 in BALF(P&lt;0.05, P&lt;0.01), markedly improved pathological changes in lung tissue, and downregulated the expression of α-SMA, COL-1, CD11b, and CD206 detected by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, Qingzao Jiufei Decoction significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of JAK1, STAT6, CD206, and Arg-1, as well as the protein expression of p-JAK1, p-STAT6, CD206, and Arg-1 in lung tissue(P&lt;0.05, P&lt;0.01). In conclusion, Qingzao Jiufei Decoction exerts a protective effect against BLM-induced PF in mice, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of M2 macrophage polarization through regulation of t","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5333-5341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Efficacy and safety of Salvianolic Acid for Injection treatment during recovery phase of ischemic cerebrovascular disease: clinical study based on single-arm objective performance criteria method].","authors":"Chen Zhang, Jing-Yang Wang, Min-Jing Luo, Mei-Juan Lu, Jian-Zhong Pang, Ou Li, Ye Li, Yu-Tong Fei, Qiang Xu","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260514.501","DOIUrl":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260514.501","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The clinical treatment of ischemic stroke(IS) has long been plagued by the time window and complication risks of recanalization therapies, as well as the bleeding risk of antithrombotic therapy, making it urgent to explore safe and effective new regimens. Salvianolic Acid for Injection(SAFI), a TCM preparation with neuroprotective properties and the ability to improve cerebral blood flow, lacks large-sample clinical validation regarding its systematicness, efficacy, and safety of application in IS patients. This study relied on a clinical trial based on a multicenter, prospective, single-arm objective performance criteria method(registration No. ChiCTR1900026178), enrolling 2 203 IS patients with an onset time of 7-90 d and National Institutes of Health Stroke scale(NIHSS) scores of 4-20. All patients received intravenous infusion of SAFI at dose of 100 mg per day for 14 consecutive days. The primary efficacy indicator was the proportion of patients with a modified Rankin scale(mRS) scores of 0-1 at 90 d after treatment(preset target value of 35%). Secondary efficacy indicators include the proportion of patients with mRS scores recovers to 0-1 at 28 d after treatment, the comparison of NIHSS scores at 7, 14 d after treatment with the baseline, the proportion of patients with Barthel index(BI) scores≥75 at 7, 14, 28, and 90 d after treatment, and the comparison of MMSE scores with the baseline. The incidence, severity, and drug correlation of adverse events were evaluated via vital sign monitoring, laboratory examinations, etc. The binomial test(one-sided α=0.025) was used for primary endpoint analysis, and the 95%CI was calculated by the Clopper-Pearson. RESULTS:: show that among 2 127 patients who completed the trial, 47.91% of these patients(95%CI[45.77%, 50.06%]) achieve the primary endpoint, which is significantly higher than the preset objective value(P&lt;0.000 1). NIHSS scores of patients decrease significantly from baseline scores of(6.57±3.20) to(4.62±3.33) at 14 d after treatment(P&lt;0.000 1), with 23.79% of patients achieving scores improvement of ≥4 points or scores of 0-1. The proportion of patients with BI scores ≥75 increases from the baseline of 41.18% to 74.52% at 90 d after treatment(P&lt;0.000 1), and MMSE scores rises from baseline scores of(22.16±8.03) to(23.95±7.38) at 90 d after treatment(P&lt;0.000 1). In terms of safety, the incidence rates of adverse events and serious adverse reactions are 27.49% and 3.19%, respectively, with no fatal event reported. This study confirmed that SAFI can significantly improve neurological function, capabilities of daily living, and cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate IS at 7-90 d after onset, with a favorable safety profile. The trial design combining single-arm and objective performance criteria method employed in this study provides an innovative paradigm for the clinical evaluation of TCM injections and offers high-quality evidence for the clinical treatment of I","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 15","pages":"4502-4511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Investigating mechanism of salt-fried processed Plantaginis Semen active component calceolarioside B in intervening lipid peroxidation metabolic pathway to exert anti-renal fibrosis effects].","authors":"Jia-Hao Liu, Jia-Yi Xu, Qian-Xi Gu, Jia-Xuan Peng, Gang Cao, Lu Wang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study employed an MCnebula-driven metabolomics approach to investigate the key biomarkers and metabolic pathways involved in the regulation of renal fibrosis by calceolarioside B. In a rat model of adenine-induced renal fibrosis, calceolarioside B was observed to significantly reduce serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Western blot analysis showed that it markedly decreased the expression of fibrosis markers, including fibronectin(FN), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), in renal tissue. In vitro, calceolarioside B significantly inhibited the expression of FN, HIF-1α, vimentin, and α-SMA in transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)-stimulated rat renal tubular epithelial cells(NRK-52E) and rat renal fibroblasts(NRK-49F). Metabolomics analysis showed that calceolarioside B significantly restored the levels of 47 serum metabolites in rats with renal fibrosis. Specifically, the content of fatty acids(e.g., N-acyl amides, and long-chain fatty acids) was increased, while that of lipids(lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphoethanolamine, and phosphatidylethanolamine) was decreased--a profile consistent with ACSL4-driven lipid peroxidation pathway. Based on these findings, key proteins and metabolites downstream of the lipid metabolism pathway were further validated. The results showed that, compared with the control group, rats with renal fibrosis exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde(MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β), while glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) and glutathione/oxidized glutathione(GSH/GSSG) were markedly reduced. calceolarioside B reversed these changes. In summary, these findings indicate that calceolarioside B can correct lipid metabolism abnormalities in the serum of rats with renal fibrosis by inhibiting the ACSL4-mediated lipid peroxidation pathway. Moreover, it can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by activating the System Xc~--GSH-GPX4 antioxidant system, thereby ameliorating renal fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 15","pages":"4331-4340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of numerical simulation in modern manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine preparations].","authors":"Ge Song, Yang Yu, Zheng Li","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the implementation of the development strategy for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) modernization, numerical simulation has become a vital technical tool for studying TCM manufacturing processes. Using computers to simulate and analyze complex physical phenomena and related equipment in pharmaceutical production contributes to optimizing process parameters, improving equipment performance, and enhancing product quality. This paper systematically reviews the application of numerical simulation in the manufacturing of pills, tablets, capsules, granules, and liquid formulations over the past decade. Furthermore, it discusses practical challenges in its application and offers corresponding development suggestions. The aim is to promote deeper integration of numerical simulation into the TCM manufacturing system and support high-quality development of the TCM industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 16","pages":"4537-4544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}