Global Health Research and Policy最新文献

{"title":"Towards bridging the digital divide: training healthcare professionals for digitally inclusive healthcare systems.","authors":"Efrat Neter, Max J Western, Rosie Cooper, Anabelle Macedo Silva, Laura M König","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00433-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00433-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, the integration of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in healthcare has grown significantly, as has the rapid increase in internet access and mobile device ownership by individuals. However, challenges such as the digital divide, encompassing disparities in access, usage skills, and the benefits derived from ICT use, persist. Addressing this divide is crucial for maximizing the potential of digital health technologies, particularly for more vulnerable people in society who often require the most support. This commentary paper's aim is to advocate training, in both educational and healthcare settings, so as to contribute towards bridging the digital divide. We propose that educational programs for healthcare professionals in academic institutions can integrate modules on the digital health divide within existing courses on social determinants of health (e.g., sociology, epidemiology, and health informatics) or in specific courses on digital health. The recommended courses should include modules on the digital divide, its causes, implications, and strategies to first assess and then enhance digital and health literacy among patients. Training healthcare professionals in work settings would be part of continuous professional development. This training should include assessing digital health literacy, identifying barriers to uptake, engagement and impact of digital health tools, and providing tailored education on digital health tools or interventions. Healthcare professionals should follow protocols to ensure the effective use of digital health tools by diverse patients and have access to community resources for ongoing support. Finally, the paper suggests service-wide international standards for ameliorating the digital divide.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global research on patient involvement in health technology assessment: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Chunlu Yu, Yan Huang, Huamei Wu, Luying Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00431-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00431-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient involvement in health technology assessment (HTA) has been extensively explored and implemented in high-income countries, but little is known about it in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of the current state and trends of patient involvement in HTA research, which can inform future research in the LMICs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications on patient involvement in HTA from January 1, 1900, to December 31, 2023, were retrieved from the core databases of the Web of Science. We applied a bibliometric analysis to reveal the collaboration patterns, hot topics, and evolution of the research field. Co-occurrence, clustering, citation, and burst analyses were performed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, with results visualized for interpretation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 175 articles were eligible for inclusion. The first valid article was published in 2000. The number of publications has increased since 2011. The most productive countries and institutions were Canada and McMaster University. The studies focused on five hot topics: patient preferences, priority setting, qualitative research, drug development, and hospital-based HTA. The burst analysis revealed that priority setting and cost effectiveness were the research frontiers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While patient involvement in HTA research has gained increasing attention, the research conducted in the LMICs remain limited. It is recommended that LMICs participate in international research collaborations, and focus on the five hot topics and emerging frontiers to advance both their research capacity and practical implementations.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of osteoarthritis, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Xinge Zhang, Chuiguo Huang, Zhaolan Hu, Yejun Tan, Pengfei Wang, Lemei Zhu, Jin Kang","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00419-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00419-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, yet global estimates of lifetime risk remain limited. This study aims to provide comprehensive global, regional, and national lifetime risk estimates for OA, including knee, hand, and hip subtypes, from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, we estimated the lifetime risk of developing OA from age 20 onwards, stratified by sex, location, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was also calculated. Spatial heterogeneity in 2021 lifetime risks and their AAPCs was evaluated using the Factor Detector of the Geographic Detector method, with q-statistics quantifying the explanatory power of demographic, socioeconomic, health system and OA-related risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the global lifetime risk of OA was 14.21% (95% confidence interval: 14.21%, 14.22%), with knee OA at 9.31% (95% CI: 9.31%, 9.32%), hand OA at 3.45% (95% CI: 3.45%, 3.46%), and hip OA at 0.71% (95% CI: 0.71%, 0.71%). Lifetime risk increased with higher socio-demographic Index (SDI), from 11.62% in low-SDI regions to 16.10% in high-SDI regions. The highest risk was observed in the High-income Asia Pacific region (18.10%), led by the Republic of Korea (21.20%). Between 1990 and 2021, global lifetime OA risk increased with an AAPC of 0.30% (95% CI: 0.30%, 0.30%), with the most notable increases in East Asia (AAPC: 0.53%). Spatial heterogeneity analysis revealed that the historical proportions employed in agriculture and with upper secondary education had the strongest associations with 2021 lifetime risks and their trends (q-statistics up to 0.84), followed by life expectancy, SDI, and health-system indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2021, 1 in 7 individuals globally were projected to develop OA, with the highest risks in high-SDI regions. The steady rise in OA risk, especially in East Asia, highlights the need for targeted public health strategies that focus on prevention, early diagnosis, and ensuring equitable access to treatment to mitigate the increasing OA burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-life undernutrition increases the risk of death from chronic diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Mengqiu Wu, Hongrui Tian, Chuanhai Guo, Zhen Liu, Yaqi Pan, Fangfang Liu, Ying Liu, Wenlei Yang, Huanyu Chen, Zhe Hu, Mengfei Liu, Zhonghu He, Yang Ke","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00422-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00422-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-life undernutrition, particularly during critical developmental periods, may have lasting impacts on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. The Chinese Great Famine (1959-1961) provides a unique opportunity to evaluate these effects in a large-scale population study. To investigate the impact of early-life undernutrition on adult mortality due to NCDs in individuals exposed to the Chinese Great Famine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a medical insurance database in Hua County, China, including 15,088 individuals born during the famine (1959-1961) and 49,924 individuals deemed unexposed because they were born after the famine (1962-1964), with follow-up from 2012 to 2023. Multivariable Cox regression and competing risks regression were used to assess the association between early-life undernutrition and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early-life undernutrition was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (HR_adjusted = 1.49, 95% CI 1.37-1.62), cancer mortality (HR_adjusted = 1.41, 95% CI 1.22-1.64), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases mortality (HR_adjusted = 1.51, 95% CI 1.34-1.71), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality (HR_adjusted = 4.37, 95% CI 2.51-7.61). Subgroup analysis revealed that the exposed group had a higher risk of death from lung, esophageal, gastric, hepato-biliary, and pancreatic cancers, cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the long-term adverse effects of early-life undernutrition on NCD mortality in adulthood, underscoring the importance of nutritional interventions during critical developmental periods to reduce the burden of NCDs.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China (ESECC) randomized controlled trial (Clinical trial: NCT01688908).</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the e-healthy literacy and cancer prevention consciousness in rural China: cancer cognition acting as a mediator.","authors":"Huifang Zhang, Xindan Zhang, Xingli Ma, Boyang Fan, Yingjie Wang, Ao Zhang, Wenning Sun, Haining Yu, Haipeng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00421-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00421-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer prevention is a critical public health challenge in China, especially among rural residents. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of cancer cognition in the relationship between e-health literacy and cancer prevention consciousness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to recruit 486 rural residents from Shandong Province for a questionnaire survey. Data from 453 valid responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, univariate and multiple linear regression. Path analysis was used to examine the mediating role of cancer cognition in the relationship between e-health literacy and cancer prevention consciousness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean score of cancer prevention consciousness among rural residents in this study was 7.46 out of a maximum of 10. Regression analysis showed that e-health literacy (β = 0.146, P < 0.001) and cancer cognition (β = 0.150, P < 0.001) influenced cancer prevention consciousness. Gender and the perceived necessity of cancer-related knowledge were also influencing factors (P < 0.001). The direct effect value of e-health literacy on cancer prevention consciousness was 0.155, which accounted for 84.87% of the total effect. The indirect effect value through cancer cognition level is 0.028, accounting for 15.13% of the total effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found an above-average level of cancer prevention consciousness among the rural residents. E-health literacy can enhance the  consciousness among individuals by increasing their cancer cognition. Policymakers should leverage e-health technologies to strengthen residents' capacity to understand cancer-related information, with culturally tailored interventions further supporting effective prevention and global health efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The World Health Organization guideline for non-surgical management of chronic primary low back pain in adults: implications for equitable care and strengthening health systems globally.","authors":"Andrew M Briggs, Yuka Sumi, Anshu Banerjee","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00426-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00426-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Health Organization (WHO) released its first guideline on non-surgical management of chronic primary low back pain (LBP) in adults in 2023. The Guideline signals a timely and important global response to the current and projected burden attributable to LBP, particularly amongst populations made vulnerable, e.g. older people and people in low- and middle-income countries. The Guideline offers recommendations on which interventions for chronic primary LBP should be offered in most contexts, and those interventions that should not be offered as part of routine care. As a WHO technical product, the Guideline can function as a catalyst to commence reorientation of health systems and service delivery towards holistic, integrated, person-centred and high-value LBP care. However, to achieve this vision and Universal Health Coverage that is inclusive of LBP care, transformations are required at point of care (micro-level), within service models and organisations (meso-level) and across health system Building Blocks (macro-level). In this paper, we consider implications of the Guideline for health services and health systems globally. We highlight opportunities and priorities to build capacity across the Building Blocks of health systems and how current global health agendas, such as the WHO 14th General Program of Work, UN Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021-2030, and Rehabilitation 2030 can support implementation of the Guideline's recommendations. Global collaborative and multi-sectoral efforts, supported by countries, health workers, professional/academic societies, health financing agencies, civil society organisations, private sectors, and people with lived experience will be needed to sustainably implement the Guideline's recommendations into health systems globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of fast foods and ultra-processed foods and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mehdi Karimi, Reyhaneh Rabiee, Farnaz Hooshmand, Baharak Aghapour, Mina Ahmadzadeh, Elahe Havaei, Kimia Kazemi","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00425-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00425-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing consumption of fast foods (FFs) and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) worldwide has raised concerns due to their association with carcinogenic compounds and potential links to various cancers. However, this evidence about breast cancer risk remains inconsistent. This study aimed to meta-analyze the association between FFs and UPFs consumption and the risk of breast cancer in females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search on online databases was conducted from inception to May 2025, and relevant study data were extracted. The meta-analysis utilized odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as effect size measures. Subgroup analyses, heterogeneity assessment, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure robustness. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled analysis of 17 observational studies showed a significant association between the highest FFs and UPFs consumption and increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.09-1.43], p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant positive association between FFs and UPFs consumption and breast cancer risk in case-control studies, but not in cohort studies or menopausal status and a significant association was observed in studies with sample sizes > 1000 and < 1000. Furthermore, the association was significant in Latin America when BMI adjustment was considered for 'yes' and 'no'.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis identified a significant association between the consumption of FFs and UPFs and an increased risk of breast cancer, with high intake linked to a 25% greater risk. These findings suggest that diets high in UPFs may play a role in breast cancer development. As UPF consumption continues to rise, public health strategies and regulatory policies targeting food processing, marketing, labeling, and accessibility are essential for cancer risk reduction and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Tuberculosis among migrants under national screening programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Qin Chen, Ningjun Ren, Shengya Liu, Zixin Qian, Mengdie Li, Aliyu Mustapha, Wei Luo, Jinghua Li, Wenxi Wang, Chun Hao","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00424-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00424-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global public health threat, particularly among migrant populations. Screening policies exist in many receiving countries but differ markedly, and there is limited pooled evidence on TB and latent TB infection (LTBI) prevalence among migrants under different screening frameworks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize TB and LTBI prevalence among migrants and compared national screening policies to inform evidence-based public health planning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published 2016-2023. Random-effects models generated pooled prevalence estimates with 95% CIs; subgroup analyses examined differences by screening stage, migrant category, and country-of-origin incidence. Sensitivity analyses tested robustness. Government and health-agency websites were systematically examined and scored to table national TB-screening requirements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>36 studies (26 TB, 21 LTBI) covering 40,738,331 migrants screened met inclusion criteria. The Pooled TB prevalence was 214.52/100,000 (95% CI 112.18-349.66) and LTBI prevalence 14.9% (95% CI 9.91-20.60). Countries employing both pre-entry screening and subsequent post-entry surveillance achieved the lowest TB prevalence (94.09/100,000). The highest burdens occurred among refugees/asylum seekers (439.25/100,000) and migrants from countries with TB incidence 300-499/100,000 (491.96/100,000). LTBI was most common when identified through post-entry screening (21.90%), those with multiple migrants (18.11%), and among migrants originating from countries with ≥ 500/100,000 TB incidence (30.90%). Policy comparison showed pre-entry screening is almost universal; the United States is the only country mandating systematic LTBI screening. Screening-scope scores were highest in traditional immigrant countries (16-20), intermediate in middle-income destinations such as China and Malaysia (10-14), and lowest in Nordic (4-8).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study emphasizes the importance of targeted TB screening, especially for migrants from high-prevalence regions and at-risk populations. Comprehensive pre- and post-entry TB screening, along with strengthened latent TB screening and surveillance for diverse migrant populations, is essential. Meanwhile enhanced collaboration to update screening policies are key to achieving the goal of TB eradication and provide practical insights for effective TB control.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Chinese medical teams in bridging healthcare gaps in Africa: a scoping review.","authors":"Emmanuel Kwasi Afriyie, Samuel Egyakwa Ankomah, Duqiao Li, Yuqing Guo, Huijuan Liang, Dadong Wu, Dong Xu","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00420-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00420-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sub-Saharan Africa has faced profound healthcare challenges, including severe shortages of professionals and infrastructural deficits. Despite significant international aid, the full impact of Chinese Medical Teams (CMTs) in addressing these issues had remained underexplored. This scoping review aimed to synthesise existing literature on the role of CMTs in Africa, identifying key drivers, barriers, and gaps in research that could enhance the effectiveness of these programmes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted across major English and Chinese databases up to February 2023, following the Arksey and O'Malley framework and adhering to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Studies providing qualitative or quantitative insights into the modality, effectiveness, and challenges of CMTs were included. Thematic analysis, supported by NVivo 11 software, was used to synthesise the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review included 20 English articles and 27 Chinese articles from 2009 to 2022, highlighting CMTs' significant role in improving healthcare through direct medical assistance, training of local healthcare workers, and infrastructure development. Key drivers of CMT initiatives included diplomatic goals, economic cooperation, and humanitarian efforts. Conversely, operational challenges such as cultural differences, language barriers, and infrastructural inadequacies were prominent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CMTs have effectively addressed healthcare disparities in Africa through a distinctive, government-led, and non-conditional programme. Their flexible, long-term engagement has strengthened healthcare systems across underserved regions, offering a model for sustainable global health aid. However, challenges such as cultural barriers and logistical constraints suggest a need for improved cultural competency and flexible staffing. Further empirical research, particularly involving African researchers, is essential to fully understand CMTs' long-term impact and refine strategies for future international health initiatives that align with local needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spatio-temporal trends and determinants of liver cancer attributable to specific etiologies: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Jinli Liu, Tingling Xu, Yanan Wang, Fanpu Ji, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41256-025-00416-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41256-025-00416-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although liver cancer has varied causes, its evolving epidemiology and causal drivers remain underexplored. This study quantifies the trends and drivers of liver cancer burden attributable to specific causes from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we extracted prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with specific causes of liver cancer. We assessed spatio-temporal trends across the sociodemographic index (SDI) and quantified the contributions of epidemiological shifts, population growth, and ageing to DALYs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, liver cancer accounted for 0.74 million cases, 0.48 million deaths, and 12.89 million DALYs globally. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates from 1990 to 2021 were 1.17%, 1.04%, and 0.48%, respectively. HBV, HCV, and alcohol use were major contributors to DALYs, accounting for 1.92 million (36.00%), 1.53 million (28.62%), and 1.27 million (23.88%) of the increase, respectively. High-income North America and Western Europe experienced rapid growth in liver cancer prevalence from 1990 to 2021, while High-income North America and Southern Latin America had rapid growth in mortality. Global DALY increases were mainly driven by population growth (3.91 million, 73.29%) and population ageing (3.03 million, 56.86%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed that hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and alcohol consumption were the primary contributors to the increasing DALYs from liver cancer, with population growth and ageing as key drivers of these changes. These findings underscore the importance of considering the major factors and demographic dynamics in addressing the burden of liver cancer when formulating prevention and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":52405,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Research and Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}