Mehdi Karimi, Reyhaneh Rabiee, Farnaz Hooshmand, Baharak Aghapour, Mina Ahmadzadeh, Elahe Havaei, Kimia Kazemi
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The increasing consumption of fast foods (FFs) and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) worldwide has raised concerns due to their association with carcinogenic compounds and potential links to various cancers. However, this evidence about breast cancer risk remains inconsistent. This study aimed to meta-analyze the association between FFs and UPFs consumption and the risk of breast cancer in females.
Methods: A comprehensive search on online databases was conducted from inception to May 2025, and relevant study data were extracted. The meta-analysis utilized odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as effect size measures. Subgroup analyses, heterogeneity assessment, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure robustness. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA.
Results: The pooled analysis of 17 observational studies showed a significant association between the highest FFs and UPFs consumption and increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.09-1.43], p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant positive association between FFs and UPFs consumption and breast cancer risk in case-control studies, but not in cohort studies or menopausal status and a significant association was observed in studies with sample sizes > 1000 and < 1000. Furthermore, the association was significant in Latin America when BMI adjustment was considered for 'yes' and 'no'.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis identified a significant association between the consumption of FFs and UPFs and an increased risk of breast cancer, with high intake linked to a 25% greater risk. These findings suggest that diets high in UPFs may play a role in breast cancer development. As UPF consumption continues to rise, public health strategies and regulatory policies targeting food processing, marketing, labeling, and accessibility are essential for cancer risk reduction and prevention.
背景：世界范围内快餐（FFs）和超加工食品（upf）消费量的增加引起了人们的关注，因为它们与致癌化合物和各种癌症的潜在联系有关。然而，关于乳腺癌风险的证据仍然不一致。本研究旨在荟萃分析ff和upf消费与女性乳腺癌风险之间的关系。方法：全面检索成立至2025年5月在线数据库，提取相关研究数据。meta分析采用优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）作为效应大小测量。进行亚组分析、异质性评估、发表偏倚和敏感性分析以确保稳健性。所有统计分析均采用STATA进行。结果：17项观察性研究的汇总分析显示，最高ff和upf摄入量与乳腺癌风险增加之间存在显著关联（OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.09-1.43], p = 0.001）。亚组分析显示，在病例对照研究中，ff和upf的摄入与乳腺癌风险之间存在显著正相关，但在队列研究或绝经状态中没有发现这一显著关联，在样本量为1000的研究中观察到。结论：本荟萃分析确定ff和upf的摄入与乳腺癌风险增加之间存在显著关联，高摄入量与25%的风险增加有关。这些发现表明，高upf的饮食可能在乳腺癌的发展中起作用。随着UPF消费持续上升，针对食品加工、营销、标签和可及性的公共卫生战略和监管政策对于减少和预防癌症风险至关重要。
期刊介绍：
Global Health Research and Policy, an open-access, multidisciplinary journal, publishes research on various aspects of global health, addressing topics like health equity, health systems and policy, social determinants of health, disease burden, population health, and other urgent global health issues. It serves as a forum for high-quality research focused on regional and global health improvement, emphasizing solutions for health equity.
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