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Investigating Predicate Types and Mood Selection in Polish Complement Clauses: An Empirical Study 调查波兰语补语从句中的谓语类型和语气选择：实证研究
LingVaria Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.16
Hanna Twardowska
{"title":"Investigating Predicate Types and Mood Selection in Polish Complement Clauses: An Empirical Study","authors":"Hanna Twardowska","doi":"10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.16","url":null,"abstract":"TYPY PREDYKATÓW I WYBÓR TRYBU W POLSKICH ZDANIACH DOPEŁNIENIOWYCH – BADANIE EMPIRYCZNE \u0000Często zakłada się, że występowanie trybu łączącego jest ograniczone tylko do języków, które mają osobny paradygmat odmian dla tego trybu. Takie założenia sprawiają, że tryb łączący nie może pojawić się w językach takich jak język polski ze względu na brak osobnych końcówek morfologicznych. Jednakże polska konstrukcja, która składa się ze spójnika zdaniowego żeby oraz imiesłowu przeszłego, wykazuje właściwości semantyczne oraz morfoskładniowe podobne do tych zaobserwowanych dla hiszpańskiego trybu łączącego. Konstrukcja ta pojawia się prawie wyłącznie w zdaniach podrzędnych, nie pozwala na koreferencyjność podmiotów, a także jest defektywna pod względem czasowym. Ponadto możemy ją znaleźć po tych samych typach predykatów, po których występuje tryb łączący w języku hiszpańskim. Z tego względu celem tego artykułu jest pokazanie, że można założyć istnienie konstrukcji koniunktywnej w języku polskim. To założenie potwierdzają dane uzyskane w wyniku badania korpusowego oraz testu gramatyczności.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"340 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Granice historii języka 语言史的局限性
LingVaria Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.09
Ewa Woźniak
{"title":"Granice historii języka","authors":"Ewa Woźniak","doi":"10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.09","url":null,"abstract":"BOUNDARIES OF THE HISTORY OF LANGUAGE \u0000The author of the article presents arguments for the redefinition of the subject of study of the history of the Polish language. Theoretical assumptions of this subdiscipline of diachronic linguistics were formulated more than a century ago by Zenon Klemensiewicz, the author of the, so far, only historical-linguistic synthesis. Since then, along with changing research paradigms, the boundaries of the subdiscipline’s field of study have been expanded to include stylistic, semantic, generic, textual, and discursive issues. The author argues that the growth of knowledge, resulting from the use of diverse methods, tools, and operational terms to describe the language of the past, should lead to the emancipation of such subdisciplines as historical stylistics, historical genre studies, and historical discourse studies. In turn, the history of language, rooted in the idea that it is the community that forms a language, would then focus exclusively on those changes in a language that have been causally related to the history of the community that uses it. Within such narrow boundaries of the research field, a new synthesis of the history of the Polish language could be created.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"44 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predykaty wyższego vs. pierwszego rzędu jako problem syntaktyczny 作为句法问题的高阶谓词与一阶谓词
LingVaria Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.01
Aleksander Kiklewicz
{"title":"Predykaty wyższego vs. pierwszego rzędu jako problem syntaktyczny","authors":"Aleksander Kiklewicz","doi":"10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.01","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHER-ORDER VS FIRST-ORDER PREDICATES AS A SYNTACTIC PROBLEM \u0000The author considers the problems of syntactic analysis of language expressions with higher-order and first-order predicates. In the first part it is shown that there are some discrepancies in the treatment of these categories: on the one hand, in semantic syntax, and, on the other hand, in predicate logic and in categorial grammar. In the following chapters, the author analyses the disputed phenomena that can be treated in two ways, depending on whether the verb is considered a first-order or higher-order predicate. At the same time, it is stated that the valence properties of a verb depend on its lexical meaning, and, on the other hand, the definition of meaning should take into account the nature of the syntactic structure. The notion of precedent representations is suggested, i. e. constructions with a clausal actant that indicate the propositional status of the appropriate complements of the predicate.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
O przyczynach dwóch ornitologicznych nieporozumień w tekście Kroniki wszytkiego świata Marcina Bielskiego 关于马辛-别尔斯基《世界编年史》文本中两个鸟类学误解的原因
LingVaria Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.12
Władimir Miakiszew
{"title":"O przyczynach dwóch ornitologicznych nieporozumień w tekście Kroniki wszytkiego świata Marcina Bielskiego","authors":"Władimir Miakiszew","doi":"10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.12","url":null,"abstract":"ROOTS OF TWO ORNITHOLOGICAL MISTAKES FOUND IN THE CHRONICLES OF THE WHOLE WORLD BY MARCIN BIELSKI \u0000Two fragments from the tenth volume of Marcin Bielski’s Kronika Wszytkiego Świata [Chronicles of the Whole World], dealing with the discovery of Haiti by Columbus and with the arrival of Cadamosto’s men at the uncharted territory of what is now Senegal, contain descriptions of starlings, but with the appearance and behaviour that is not typical of this bird species. Taking into account the fact that starlings did not inhabit those lands at the time, the author of the article attempts to figure out both the reason behind the ornithological misunderstanding and the actual type of the birds the travelers met.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frazeologiczne ujęcie kolokacji Franza Josefa Hausmanna i możliwość jego adaptacji w języku polskim 弗朗茨-约瑟夫-豪斯曼（Franz Josef Hausmann）的词组搭配方法及其在波兰语中的应用可能性
LingVaria Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.03
J. Targońska
{"title":"Frazeologiczne ujęcie kolokacji Franza Josefa Hausmanna i możliwość jego adaptacji w języku polskim","authors":"J. Targońska","doi":"10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.03","url":null,"abstract":"A PHRASEOLOGICAL APPROACH TO COLLOCATIONS ACCORDING TO FRANZ JOSEF HAUSMANN AND ITS POSSIBLE ADAPTATION IN POLISH \u0000Collocations is a term for a linguistic phenomenon that can be and is variously understood and defined. The aim of this article is to give an overview of the narrow concept of collocations suggested by Hausmann. The author of the article describes the semantic (phraseological) approach to the term, which stands in opposition to the syntactic, or corpus-based one. Collocations, according to Hausmann, take into account the process of thinking and language production of language learners. The hierarchical structure of collocations consisting of the collocation base and the collocator, which was suggested for the first time, is presented, and the individual elements of this phraseme are characterised in the article. Also, the author of the article attempts to transfer the concept of collocations according to Hausmann to the Polish language, and indicates a possible classification of Polish collocations in the semantic approach.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"2 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141009555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ile ojca, ile matki jest w polskiej ojczyźnie? 波兰祖国有多少父亲，多少母亲？
LingVaria Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.14
Stanisława Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska
{"title":"Ile ojca, ile matki jest w polskiej ojczyźnie?","authors":"Stanisława Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska","doi":"10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.19.2024.37.14","url":null,"abstract":"HOW MUCH OF A FATHER, HOW MUCH OF A MOTHER IS THERE IN THE POLISH OJCZYZNA [FATHERLAND]? ONCE AGAIN ABOUT THE ROLE OF ETYMOLOGICAL DATA IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW \u0000The author assumes that (1) etymological data are ethnolinguistically relevant, (2) the task of etymological research is to detect the original meaning of a word (to find the original semantic motivation) and to reach a world that disappeared, but, at the same time, remained a part of the present, (3) the focus of the research should shift from formal interests to broadly understood semantics (reconstruction of the conceptualization processes that accompany the nominations and of the linguistic image of the words hiding behind words). Based on this, the author undertakes the analysis of the names for the fatherland in the Polish language. To do this, she compares the Polish lexis and its onomasiological basis with the corresponding vocabulary of other Slavic languages. According to the author, studying the semantics of a whole group of words allows us to discover the basic cognitive situation, i.e. the generalized experience of a specific linguistic and cultural community. Using dictionary data and studies of the concept of the “fatherland” in Slavic languages, the author analyses the names related to the Polish concept of OJCZYZNA: lexical and semantic nests such as “ojczyzna i patria” [homeland and patria], “macierz [“motherland”], “państwo” [“state”] and “kraj” [country], and she extracts the underlying cultural “codes”: (1) kin and family, (2) home, (3) power and dominion, and (4) land. The author also shows the coherence of these codes and the image of the fatherland that emerges from them.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"17 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pamięcioznawstwo lingwistyczne w ujęciu Wojciecha Chlebdy Wojciech Chlebda眼中的语言回忆主义
LingVaria Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.02
Waldemar Czachur, Marta Wójcicka
{"title":"Pamięcioznawstwo lingwistyczne w ujęciu Wojciecha Chlebdy","authors":"Waldemar Czachur, Marta Wójcicka","doi":"10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.02","url":null,"abstract":"LINGUISTIC MEMORY STUDIES BY WOJCIECH CHLEBDA The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of linguistic memory studies, developed by WojciechChlebda, as a research program of modern linguistics. Wojciech Chlebda assumes that memory,both individual and collective, is strongly linked to language, that is, it participates both in the formingof memory content and in its material expression: its externalizing in verbal narrations (and, morebroadly, semiotic narrations). In this context, he identifies the following challenges facing linguisticmemory studies: description and classification of linguistic exponents of memory, description of theprocess of mapping collective memories, and research on collective oblivion.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Problemy z interpretacją fonologiczną samogłosek nosowych w języku polskim 波兰语鼻韵母的语音解释问题
LingVaria Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.04
Natalia Siudzińska
{"title":"Problemy z interpretacją fonologiczną samogłosek nosowych w języku polskim","authors":"Natalia Siudzińska","doi":"10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.04","url":null,"abstract":"PROBLEMS WITH PHONOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF NASAL VOWELS IN POLISH The article discusses problems related to the sound realisation of the nasal sounds “ą” and “ę” as well as the differences in the phonological interpretation of those realisations. The issue has been raised many times by linguistic researchers, which proves its complexity. The article is an overview as its main goal has been to compare suggestions in terms of the nasal phonemes range, including the author’s suggestion for the phonological interpretation of the second part of the biphonemic sound production of the sounds “ą” and “ę” using phonological opposition and sound distribution.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"7 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Amatorskie promowanie gwary cieszyńskiej (wybrane formy, strategie, rozwiązania) 业余推广捷辛方言（选定的形式、战略、解决方案）
LingVaria Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.14
Małgorzata Bortliczek, Irena Bogoczová
{"title":"Amatorskie promowanie gwary cieszyńskiej (wybrane formy, strategie, rozwiązania)","authors":"Małgorzata Bortliczek, Irena Bogoczová","doi":"10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.14","url":null,"abstract":"AMATEUR PROMOTION OF THE CIESZYN DIALECT (SELECTED FORMS, STRATEGIES, SOLUTIONS) The paper focuses on the dialectological topics and problems related to sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics and psycholinguistics. It gives us insight into Cieszyn Silesia’s linguistic situation, especially in the Czech part of Zaolzie. It presents four social and individual activities, which aim to promote, support, and even revive Cieszyn dialect. The authors describe respectively: 1) testing knowledge of the dialect in form of quizzes, 2) promotion of the dialect across musical texts, 3) encouraging children and young people to use the dialect in a dialect contest, and 4) recording amateur vlogs, which are to enhance internet users’ language and national awareness. Internet and authors’ own remarks related to the official and unofficial social events are the sources of the language materials used in this analysis. Language and cultural development in society – as it is well known – heads toward unification that is increasingly difficult to resist effectively. The subjects responsible for promoting the dialect are eager to maintain the territorial dialect of the national language for future generations. Although they sometimes do it unprofessionally, linguists should be interested respectively in their efforts.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"9 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Latynizmy czasownikowe w staropolszczyźnie 古波兰语中动词的拉丁化
LingVaria Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.11
Jan German
{"title":"Latynizmy czasownikowe w staropolszczyźnie","authors":"Jan German","doi":"10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.36.11","url":null,"abstract":"VERBAL BORROWINGS FROM LATIN IN OLD POLISH The paper focuses on direct verbal borrowings from Latin into Old Polish. It attempts to determine the exact number of these borrowings and to describe the possible reasons for it being rather small in comparison with nominal borrowings. In the initial parts, some introductory remarks are made on verbal borrowings in general and Polish–Latin language contact in Middle Ages. The main part of the paper discusses the etymology of four Old Polish verbs: koronować ~ korunować, obligować się, ufundować and sylabizować. The final part contains general remarks and conclusions.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"9 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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