City and Environment Interactions最新文献

{"title":"Air pollution exceedance events in Melbourne and Sydney, Australia, between 2000 and 2024","authors":"Simon William Mkasimongwa ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Livesley ,&nbsp;Robert G. Ryan ,&nbsp;Robyn Schofield","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution events pose significant challenges to public health in Melbourne and Sydney, Australia’s most populous cities. This study evaluates publicly available data to understand the frequency of air pollution exceedance events beyond World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, as well as national and state standards. The air quality of both cities generally complies with national standards but consistently fails to meet WHO air quality guidelines. Since 2000, Sydney recorded single-pollutant events on 43% of monitored days and multi-pollutant events on 14% of monitored days. In Melbourne, single-pollutant events were recorded on 42% of monitored days, and multi-pollutant events on 8%. In Sydney, NO₂ exceeded WHO guidelines on 52% of monitored days, PM_2.5 on 13%, PM₁₀ on 4%, and O₃ on 6%. In Melbourne, NO₂ exceeded on 47% of monitored days, PM_2.5 on 4%, PM₁₀ on 6%, and O₃ on 2%. Evaluating long-term, city-scale air quality is challenging due to significant variations in spatial and temporal data coverage, especially in Melbourne. Many monitoring stations have limited temporal coverage and do not consistently monitor all key pollutants, meaning the true extent of air pollution is likely not fully captured. Since 2017, Melbourne has had only five active monitoring stations, compared to over 15 in Sydney. This study demonstrates the urgent need for expanded air pollution monitoring networks in Australia’s largest cities and highlights the need for ongoing research into the impacts of multi- as well as single-pollutant exceedance events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling nitrogen dioxide concentrations using citizen science data: The case of the Brussels-Capital Region","authors":"Patrick Bogaert ,&nbsp;Noémie Huvelle ,&nbsp;Axel Briffault ,&nbsp;Olivier Brasseur","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution caused by NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions related to traffic is a major environmental issue in the Brussels-Capital region. Using a large set of measurements collected from a citizen science campaign, this paper shows how such data help us to get an overview of the spatial distribution of NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> levels over the region. Using two land use regression techniques, these levels were related to spatial proxies collected at the measurement locations. Comparing the proxies selected by each regression method offers deeper insights into the NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-proxies relationships and helps identify proxies that may have been overlooked in a simpler multilinear regression model. Results show that the multiple linear regression model is able to explain a major part of the variance of the data, while random forest regression performs slightly better, with performances that are on par with those found in the literature. However, both models tend to underestimate high concentrations that are occurring locally. Thanks to a comparison with the prediction results from a physics-based model, this could be related to the quality of the input traffic data, that are expected to play a major role as most of nitrogen oxides emissions in the Brussels-Capital region originate from road traffic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond greens: Urban development and green space availability in residential areas of Damascus","authors":"Rahaf Yousef,&nbsp;István Valánszki","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green spaces (GS) promote positive people–place relationships, especially in residential areas. Availability of GS in Middle Eastern cities has been influenced by their unique political, socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions. Despite this, research on GS availability in relation to city development context is still limited. This study examines the patterns of GS availability in Damascus’s residential areas and analyses its correlation with these areas’ development context. It classifies districts by urbanisation context and GS metrics, using content analysis, secondary data and NDVI analysis. Results showed that GS availability in Damascus is significantly influenced by urban history, geography and political-economic systems, underscoring current urban challenges faced by other major Middle Eastern cities. In Damascus, district groups were highly influenced by their historical background from the pre-mid-20th century and the political-economic system that developed later. The study revealed significant disparities between planned northern and western districts with better GS availability, and informal eastern and southern ones. These findings highlight the need for context-sensitive, multidisciplinary strategies to address GS disparities in Middle Eastern urban residential areas, including governance tools such as local GS councils and equity audits, to promote equitable access and strengthen people–place relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of surface water quality using advanced statistical techniques around an urban landfill: A multi-parameter analysis","authors":"Nazmul Huda ,&nbsp;Tasnim Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mahmud Hussain Masum ,&nbsp;Nafis Faruque ,&nbsp;Md. Shahinoor Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present experimental research focuses on surface water quality adjacent to an urban landfill, Dhaka, Bangladesh, where collected samples were analysed in laboratories by assessing 19 physicochemical parameters, and advanced statistical techniques were performed to establish a Water Quality Index (WQI). Providing valuable insights into the spatial extent and characteristics of surface water pollution, the study intends to support local authorities in identifying high-risk zones for targeted water quality and in developing policies for monitoring waterbodies to ensure sustainable landfill management. Results indicated moderate total dissolved solids (TDS) (about 400 mg/L), low dissolved oxygen (DO) (less than 4 mg/L), and significant pollutant variability. Clustering indicated that the first one consisted of samples collected nearer to the landfill, exhibiting excessive chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS), while the second one contained samples collected farther away from the landfill, demonstrating superior water quality. The WQI categorized three samples as <em>very bad</em> 405 (WQI &lt; 31) and seven as <em>bad</em> (WQI between 31 and 51.9), with the lowest value recorded as a WQI of 1.85 from a sewer. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified five principal components (PCs), with PC1, PC2, and PC3 accounting for 38.5 %, 21.38 %, and 16.35 of the total variance, respectively. These findings indicate the necessity for immediate measures: the establishment of engineered landfills, leachate treatment, and the enforcement of more stringent waste restrictions to mitigate health and environmental hazards around the urban landfill. The study’s scientific significance resides in its provision of a comprehensive WQI and specific pollution data, thereby augmenting the understanding of urban landfill effects on water quality in densely populated areas. The study has the potential to guide the development of policies for sustainable waste management, presenting a framework for reducing urban surface water pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The urban heat Island effect: A review on predictive approaches using artificial intelligence models","authors":"Ali Najah Ahmed ,&nbsp;Nouar AlDahoul ,&nbsp;Nurhanani A. Aziz ,&nbsp;Y.F. Huang ,&nbsp;Mohsen Sherif ,&nbsp;Ahmed El-Shafie","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the global population now exceeding 8 billion and 4.5 billion of whom residing in urban areas, rapid urbanization has contributed to a range of environmental and ecological challenges, notably the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. According to statistical data, the ten hottest years on record occurred between 2013 and 2022, underscoring the urgency of addressing urban heat issues. This study provides a comprehensive review of research on the UHI effect, analysing and classifying studies that utilize a variety of input–output datasets. It also examines predictive methods used to estimate UHI intensity, categorizing them into conventional machine learning (ML) algorithms, deep learning (DL) models, and hybrid approaches. While conventional ML algorithms remain widely used, DL and hybrid models have shown superior performance in predictive accuracy. This review aims to enhance understanding of recent advancements in UHI prediction techniques, identify limitations in current methodologies, and propose directions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban heat typologies: impact of heatwaves on urban built environment and heat stress risk to the elderly in Darmstadt, Germany","authors":"Avikal Somvanshi,&nbsp;Joachim Schulze,&nbsp;Shahrzad Talebsafa","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change has made heatwaves common during German summers. The phenomenon of urban heat islands (UHIs) only worsens the adverse effects of heatwaves, especially for the elderly, defined as population aged 65+ for this study. These issues need immediate attention and redress to avoid catastrophic consequences. For this research investigation, the city of Darmstadt in Germany has been mapped for heatwaves and UHIs. An assessment has been done to derive interrelationships between them and characteristics of the built environment. Rather than applying a generic Local Climate Zones classification, the built environment has been assessed by clustering the city of Darmstadt based on the UrbanReNet catalogue—a more contextual and nuanced urban typologies-based classification developed specifically for German cities. The findings of this study show that certain urban typologies are more prone to overheating, and can also significantly influence the thermal conditions of their surroundings. The latter is established by a novel multivariate regression that employs the H3 hierarchical geospatial indexing system. Further, mapping of the elderly in Darmstadt revealed that about half of them reside in settings that are at risk of overheating during a heatwave. This study provides a novel methodology to delineate areas at maximum risk of overheating. This can help prioritize heatproofing efforts to minimize the risk of excessive heat stress by focusing on the most vulnerable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The underestimated impact of parked cars in urban warming.","authors":"M. Matias ,&nbsp;G. Mills ,&nbsp;T. Silva ,&nbsp;C. Girotti ,&nbsp;A. Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urban heat island (UHI), which describes the warmer temperature over urban landscape, is the most studied climate effect of cities. Most studies focus on the surface and canopy layers, particularly in common urban configurations such as street canyons. The causes of the UHI include aspects of physical form, fabric and of functions and, while urban forms are treated as fixed (over short time periods), functions are considered dynamic. In this context, the thermal and radiative properties of street facets like roads are critical urban canopy parameters (UCPs) that are used to understand heat storage and surface-air exchanges. However, the role of vehicles, especially parked ones, in modifying these surface properties and associated UCPs has been largely overlooked. This short contribution examines the impact of parked and mobile vehicles in cities using data from Lisbon, Portugal. Our findings highlight that parked vehicles significantly alter surface thermal properties in densely built areas, where road coverage is extensive and UHI intensity is greatest. These insights underscore the need to consider parked vehicles in urban heat island studies and the potential for spatially targeted mitigation strategies, such as restricting parking in identified hotspots, constructing shading structures, and promoting light, over dark, coloured vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing flood resilience in North African coastal Cities: A contextual analysis of Jijel, Algeria","authors":"Omayma Chabou ,&nbsp;Youcef Lazri ,&nbsp;Simona Mannucci ,&nbsp;Adriana Ciardiello ,&nbsp;Federica Rosso ,&nbsp;Marco Ferrero","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Worldwide, flood resilience strategies are increasingly moving from theoretical frameworks to on-the-ground application, especially in regions grappling with climate change and rapid urbanization. North African coastal cities face heightened flood risks driven by intensified rainfall, sea-level rise, and significant land-use transitions. This paper introduces a contextual flood resilience framework − encompassing governance, socio-economic, and environmental dimensions − and applies it to the city of Jijel, Algeria. Integrating GIS-based land-use analyses with stakeholder surveys and policy reviews, the study identifies institutional fragmentation, outdated urban planning, and informal housing as key drivers of vulnerability. Results suggest that strengthening legal and institutional frameworks, investing in adaptive infrastructure, and fostering collaborative governance are critical for long-term flood resilience. In offering targeted recommendations for North African coastal settings, this research underscores the value of a multidimensional, context-sensitive approach to addressing flood risks across a rapidly changing urban landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking the potential of urban agriculture as a climate resilience strategy: Evidence from Accra, Ghana","authors":"Gideon Baffoe ,&nbsp;Philip Antwi-Agyei","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban agriculture (UA) is increasingly recognized as a potent strategy for addressing contemporary urban challenges, particularly in the developing world, where rapid urbanization and climate change impacts are rising. However, the role and the extent to which UA has been integrated into national strategic policies and programmes remain underexplored in African cities, especially Accra, Ghana. This paper explores the role of UA in building climate resilience in Accra, Ghana, from the perspective of policymakers. It critically examines the extent to which UA has been integrated into national policy frameworks and identifies the barriers undermining its broader adoption and implementation. We employ a mixed-methods approach, drawing on stakeholder interviews, document analysis, and policy reviews to provide empirical insights while guided by resilience theory and the political ecology framework as analytical lenses. Stakeholder perspectives indicate that UA contributes to resilience through localized food production that supports nutritional security, the use of treated wastewater to enhance water efficiency, and the maintenance of green cover that buffers against urban heat and flooding. However, its integration into policy frameworks remains limited due to challenges such as weak institutional coordination, competing economic priorities, and governance inefficiencies. The study notes that UA holds transformative potential for climate resilience in Ghana, but its success hinges on strategic policy integration and robust implementation mechanisms. The paper proposes actionable strategies, including the formal recognition of UA zones, improved cross-agency and ministerial coordination, and the incorporation of farmer associations into decision-making processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A modified Morris screening protocol for sensitivity analysis and calibration of green roof parameters in SWMM","authors":"Lihua Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Songwen Yang ,&nbsp;Mingming Wang ,&nbsp;Long Li ,&nbsp;Tie Chen ,&nbsp;Liang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the calibration process of urban flood and non-point source pollution models, obtaining sufficient site-specific sensitive parameters and their variation trends remains challenging. In this study, a modified Morris screening method was established and used to evaluate the parameters of the green roof module in the SWMM model. This method involved fixing the values of all other parameters while varying a selected parameter X(i) within its defined range, applying multiple iterations of changes at a fixed percentage (10 %) to compute the corresponding model output values. The aim was to specify the impact and significance of hydrological parameters on runoff volume cut-off and water quality indicators under different return periods, and to further improve the prediction accuracy of the SWMM in simulating real rainfall events. Results revealed that Soil-T (soil layer thickness) and Surface-BH (surface layer storage depth) exhibited the highest sensitivity to total runoff production. Specifically, the sensitivity values of Soil-T exceeded 1.0 under 0.5-year and 1-year return periods, indicating its dominant role in runoff generation, while Surface-BH demonstrated a sensitivity value close to 2.0 at 0.5-year return period, showing its strong impact on peak flow. For these high-sensitivity parameters, the manual trial-and-error method was used for parameter refinement. Optimal simulation accuracy (E_NS &gt; 0.75) was achieved when Soil-T and Surface-BH were set within ranges of 86–95 mm and 18–22 mm, respectively, across six representative rainfall events. This study provides a new method to determine the optimal parameter combinations for calibrating the SWMM model, and its high accuracy offers a scientific basis for design and optimization of urban drainage systems, particularly in response to extreme rainfall events, which is helpful to the sustainability and resilience of cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}