City and Environment Interactions最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in a historical marketplace of a hot arid climate through integrated heat mitigation strategies","authors":"Omer Abedrabboh ,&nbsp;Christos Fountoukis ,&nbsp;Tareq Al-Ansari ,&nbsp;M. Rami Alfarra","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Souq Waqif, a historical marketplace in Doha, Qatar, faces severe outdoor thermal discomfort during the prolonged and extreme summer season typical of hot arid climates. This study evaluates the effectiveness of various urban heat mitigation strategies to enhance outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) under both current and future climate conditions. A high-resolution ENVI-met V5.7.1 microclimate model of the marketplace was developed and validated with field measurements. Twelve individual heat mitigation scenarios were simulated for mid-July days, based on five mitigation strategies: (1) green infrastructure (green roofs, green facades, trees addition); (2) cool materials (cool roofs and pavements); (3) blue infrastructure (water misting systems, fountain); (4) urban morphology (increasing H/W ratio); and (5) shading structures. Results show that while some scenarios (trees addition, blue infrastructure, and taller buildings) achieved substantial localized air temperature reductions reaching up to 11 °C, area-averaged reductions in physiological equivalent temperature (PET) were modest. Consequently, based on the most effective scenarios, three integrated strategies were developed and evaluated. The optimal strategy integrated green roofs and facades, enhanced tree coverage, H/W ratio of 1.5, and 50% pathway shading, reduced peak air temperature and PET as much as 8.9 °C and 19.4 °C, respectively, at the peak hour. Future climate simulations for 2050 and 2080 projected significant OTC worsening in the base case but maintained substantial improvements with the optimal strategy. Furthermore, dynamic thermal comfort simulations based on a virtual walk showed greatly reduced extreme heat stress duration. The findings highlight effective approaches for enhancing OTC in historical areas of hot arid cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CoolPaths: Street-scale Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) mapping and cooler-routes planning using open data","authors":"Deepank Verma,&nbsp;Olaf Mumm,&nbsp;Vanessa Miriam Carlow","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a fully automated pipeline for mapping Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) at high spatial resolution and simulating potential access to cooler paths for pedestrians in cities. PET quantifies the combined effect of solar and thermal radiation on humans and is key to assessing outdoor comfort. The pipeline automatically extracts building footprints, infers building heights, and computes shadows and sky-view factors. It uses Google Earth Engine to obtain tree canopy layers and other open-access satellite data products to compute vegetation, impervious surfaces, and water bodies, which help generate surface albedo maps. Solar irradiance, Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT), and PET maps are then created using meteorological inputs retrieved from the NASA POWER API. The generated maps are then fed into an OSM-based routing engine to identify shorter, cooler paths. This open-source tool can provide researchers, urban planners, and public health practitioners with relevant information to evaluate heat-mitigation strategies and design more comfortable, resilient outdoor spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of hazard indicator selection on urban heat risk assessment: evidence from two Sub-Saharan African cities","authors":"Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo ,&nbsp;Oluwafemi Benjamin Obe ,&nbsp;Gerald Mills ,&nbsp;Olumuyiwa Bayode Adegun ,&nbsp;Lazaro Mngumi ,&nbsp;Elinorata Mbuya ,&nbsp;Ademola Akinbobola","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban heat exposure poses significant health and socio-economic risks in rapidly growing Sub-Saharan African cities. Accurate mapping of heat risk is critical for targeted adaptation, yet the choice of hazard indicator can influence risk assessment outcomes. This study evaluates the impact of hazard indicator selection on urban heat risk by comparing Critical Heat Risk Zones (CHRZs) derived from Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Humidex (HI) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Lagos, Nigeria. Using high-resolution geospatial data, WRF derived climate data, and Local Climate Zone (LCZ) disaggregation, we quantified the spatial agreement between LST- and HI-based CHRZs through Cohen’s Kappa and Bivariate Moran’s I. Results show moderate-to-strong spatial correspondence in both cities (Dar es Salaam: Kappa = 0.584, Moran’s I = 0.706; Lagos: Kappa = 0.336, Moran’s I = 0.521), with heat risk concentrated in LCZ 3, 6, and 7. Monte Carlo simulations highlight the robustness of LCZ-based CHRZ disaggregation under realistic classification uncertainty. Findings emphasize that merging multiple hazard indicators can guide urban planning, early-warning systems, and neighbourhood-level interventions. The framework is transferable to other data-scarce African cities, supporting context-sensitive heat mitigation strategies and climate-resilient urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equilibrium dynamics in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area: Synergistic analysis of energy, economy, and environment","authors":"Ziteng Huang ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Sol Maria Halleck Vega ,&nbsp;Shuwen Niu ,&nbsp;Dakang Wang ,&nbsp;Jinnian Wang ,&nbsp;Lingcen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluating the coordinated dynamics of balanced regional development is crucial for implementing sustainable development strategies. To explore the roles of energy, economy, and environment factors in shaping equilibrium dynamics, we develop an innovative theoretical framework called 4E based on four key systems: equilibrium, energy, economy, and environment. In particular, we utilize average nighttime light (ANL) data to evaluate the development equilibrium across 52 counties in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 2002 to 2022. The results reveal a clear “east–west” spatial differentiation in regional equilibrium, with higher equilibrium levels concentrated in core eastern cities and lower levels in western peripheral counties, while the overall equilibrium level improved steadily over time. Temporally, the overall equilibrium level improved steadily. Critically, the 4E framework demonstrates that inter-county disparities, initially dominated by the economy, have progressively transitioned toward a more balanced influence from the energy, economy, and environment systems. Achieving balanced regional development therefore requires spatially differentiated policies that promote resource sharing and optimized allocation, leveraging the role of central cities to foster sustainable and equitable growth across all counties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy-informed parametric multi-objective optimisation for neighbourhood land-use allocation","authors":"Merve Deniz Tak ,&nbsp;Mert Akay ,&nbsp;Aliye Ahu Gülümser","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban neighbourhoods increasingly face misalignments between demographic change, service provision, and legally defined planning standards. While computational optimisation methods have been widely applied to environmental and morphological performance, their integration with binding planning regulations remains limited. This study proposes a policy-informed, multi-objective optimisation framework that combines parametric modelling with the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) to support neighbourhood-scale land-use allocation. The framework simultaneously minimises per-capita service area deficits relative to statutory standards and maximises walking accessibility to essential public services, using a slope-aware network-based accessibility model. Türkiye's Spatial Plan Legislation is embedded as a hard constraint, ensuring institutional feasibility. The approach is applied to Göktürk (Istanbul), where 10,000 alternatives are generated under two scenarios (current-trend growth and plan-based development), yielding 2343 Pareto-optimal solutions. Results reveal systematic trade-offs between adequacy and accessibility: solutions that minimise service area deficits tend to concentrate facilities on larger plots, reducing spatial coverage, while accessibility-oriented solutions distribute facilities more broadly but leave residual area deficits. Across scenarios, the current-trend growth scenario yields 46% more service area than the plan-based scenario, yet underperforms by 8% in walking accessibility. Rather than prescribing a single optimal plan, the framework produces a decision space of regulation-compliant alternatives, supporting transparent and context-sensitive planning choices. The study contributes to computational urban science by extending multi-objective optimisation into the regulatory domain and positioning parametric methods as planning support systems that enhance transparency, enable participatory deliberation, and support adaptive urban governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Tagus Estuary at risk: Fragmented governance and the future of waterfront regeneration in the Lisbon metropolitan area","authors":"Jorge Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Paula Vale de Paula ,&nbsp;Cátia Valente","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban waterfront regeneration has become a key arena for experimenting with new models of metropolitan planning and governance. In the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA), the transformation of the Tagus Estuary waterfront exposes the contradictions of fragmented institutional structures and market-oriented urban policies. This article critically examines how planning instruments and regeneration projects across the LMA reproduce fragmented governance, institutional capture, and symbolic gentrification under the rhetoric of sustainability and innovation. This research addresses the persistent problem of fragmented metropolitan governance and the disconnection between sustainability discourse and actual planning practice along the Tagus Estuary. Despite multiple planning instruments and regeneration initiatives, the absence of effective coordination among governance tiers has hindered the pursuit of cohesive, equitable, and climate-resilient development. Findings demonstrate that these structural weaknesses, compounded by the instrumental use of sustainability narratives, reinforce territorial inequalities and limit the capacity for adaptation. The article argues for reorienting metropolitan waterfront governance towards collaborative, ecologically grounded, and socially just regeneration practices capable of reconciling spatial justice with climate resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic management of urban noise in Iran: A Source-Based Review, policy framework and research gaps","authors":"Raheleh Valizadeh-Ardalan ,&nbsp;Mitra Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sadegh Bahadori ,&nbsp;Mandana Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Didem Saloglu ,&nbsp;Hamed Sargazi-Avval ,&nbsp;Mansour Ghaffari-Moghaddam","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a structured review of existing studies on urban noise pollution aimed at categorizing current implementation strategies for reducing and controlling noise pollution as well as highlighting key research gaps. Urban noise pollution remains an ongoing challenge in environmental management, especially in developing countries, where practical implementation approaches have not been thoroughly explored. Keywords like “environmental pollution”, “noise pollution”, “sound control”, “sound measurement”, “sound barrier”, and “noise reduction” were explored in databases such as Scopus, the Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), PubMed, ScienceDirect, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Civilica to ensure thorough coverage. To ensure a transparent and reproducible<!--> <!-->systematic review, study selection adhered to PRISMA guidelines, producing 77 relevant<!--> <!-->papers. This study introduces a source-based classification of noise into three categories: mobile, fixed, and temporary. The majority of previous research has focused on sound level measurements from fixed and mobile sources. Existing Iranian management strategies are examined with respect to these source types. Although some studies have examined basic noise mitigation techniques and analyzed the collected data, specialized, context-specific solutions are still scarce. These findings underscore significant gaps in the development of actionable frameworks for urban noise management. This study offers tailored suggestions arranged into short- and long-term intervention timelines, building upon this framework. By facilitating a practical alignment between policy implementation and available resources, this dual-structured approach provides urban planners a strategic tool for setting priorities for noise mitigation initiatives. The proposed classification framework may assist city decision-makers in selecting the most effective strategies to address noise pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Environmental health literacy: an exploratory conceptual redefinition and explanation structuralized from comprehensive multidisciplinary expert perspectives along with public insights”. [City Environ. Interact. 29 (2026) 100285]","authors":"Leili Mazar ,&nbsp;Sakineh Rakhshanderou ,&nbsp;Anoushiravan Mohseni-Bandpei ,&nbsp;Mohtasham Ghaffari","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effects of high urban temperatures on use of low-carbon transportation and participation in outdoor physical activities”. [City Environ. Interact. 29 (2026) 100294]","authors":"Yu-Yun Liu ,&nbsp;Yin-Hao Chiu ,&nbsp;Sung-Ta Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the spatial patterns and drivers of urban land use in a mountainous urban agglomeration: evidence from the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone (CCEZ), China","authors":"Zhaolin Wang ,&nbsp;Hong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaozhong Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spatial pattern of urban land use has been documented for decades. However, the research on the spatial pattern type and drivers of urban land use in mountainous urban agglomerations remain largely unclear. In this paper, the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and Integrated Spatio-temporal Nonlinear Regression (ISTNR) were employed to investigate the spatial pattern types and multi-dimensional influencing factors of urban land use in mountainous agglomerations. This study uncovers that (i) urban land use patterns in the mountainous urban agglomeration can be roughly categorized into five types: fractal/complicated large area types, fractal small area types, complicated small area types, simple small area types, and scatter distribution types. (ii) Vegetation cover constrains the scale of urban land, while urban per capita disposable income and infrastructure shape the form of urban land. (iii) Administrative center accessibility and medical accessibility have a clear threshold effect in shaping the spatial distribution pattern of urban land. These findings help urban planners identify key spatial layouts and optimize land use allocation, thereby boosting urban resilience and the efficiency of spatial planning in global mountainous agglomerations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}