City and Environment Interactions最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19, climate change, and air pollution: a syndemic umbrella review","authors":"Eun Jung ,&nbsp;Eun-Young Lee ,&nbsp;Hwashin Hyun Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic and climate change, referred to as <em>syndemic</em>, in this work, have triggered widespread behavioral and societal changes with implications for ambient air pollution exposure. To understand how syndemic interacts with air pollution exposure, this umbrella review synthesized evidence on individual-level behaviors and system-level social factors that impact and are impacted by the syndemic, with particular attention to their associations with ambient air pollution exposure. We conducted a systematic search across five databases to examine behavioral and social factors as either exogenous or endogenous variables associated with the syndemic. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to conduct descriptive and thematic analyses of the findings. Findings across 63 review studies identified two overarching domains (human behavior, society), including three behavioral themes (physical activity, travel, and protective strategies), four social themes (public health, urban planning, neighborhood/housing, and social gradients), and 32 subthemes across the domains, derived through a structured, iterative thematic analysis of included reviews. The findings highlight complex behavioral and social shifts that occur both similarly and uniquely in response to the syndemic, which may lead to either greater or reduced individual exposure to air pollution depending on the contexts and factors such as mobility patterns, public policies, and environmental conditions. Based on patterns identified across the included reviews, a conceptual framework was suggested to illustrate the relationship between syndemic conditions and behavioral and social dynamics affecting air pollution exposure. The results emphasize the need for integrated, long-term policies that simultaneously promote public health, climate resilience, and effective air quality management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147951339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-driven land transformation and fragmented urban greening in a coastal landscape","authors":"Mohamed Tharik ,&nbsp;Kumaraguru Arumugam ,&nbsp;Sai Saraswathi Vijayaraghavalu","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal and near-coastal landscapes are increasingly shaped by the combined influences of climate change and anthropogenic pressures, yet their long-term structural implications remain insufficiently quantified for medium-sized districts. This study integrates climate projections, land use/land cover (LULC) modeling, NDVI trends, and landscape spatial metrics to assess multi-decadal landscape transformation in Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu, from 2000 to 2060. Climate scenarios indicate persistent warming, increasing rainfall and humidity, and modest rises in wind speed, collectively intensifying hydrological processes and altering land-use suitability. LULC projections reveal sustained expansion of built-up areas alongside contraction of agricultural land, grasslands, and wetlands, while tree cover and surface water bodies exhibit relative persistence. However, spatial metrics (patch density, mean patch size, effective mesh size, and landscape shape indices) demonstrate that gains in vegetation are largely fragmented, occurring through the proliferation of small, isolated patches rather than contiguous, well-connected green networks. Declining patch size and connectivity for tree cover and grasslands, combined with delayed but pronounced cropland fragmentation, indicate a qualitative degradation of landscape structure despite localized greening. Comparisons with Pacific and other coastal regions indicate that Pudukkottai follows a broader coastal trajectory characterized by incremental urbanization, fragmented greening, and increasing water-resource dependence. These findings emphasize that future sustainability hinges on spatial cohesion and functional connectivity rather than land-cover extent alone. Integrating climate-informed spatial planning is therefore critical for aligning regional development with ecosystem resilience and the Sustainable Development Goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147951338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling downwind, urban heat island and rainfall, using a machine learning–integrated spatiotemporal framework","authors":"Noushin Mokhtarzadeh ,&nbsp;Hossein Abdeyazdan","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the day-to-day relationship between the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and precipitation in Houston, Texas, using a data-driven, multi-layer spatiotemporal framework. By integrating satellite observations, reanalysis datasets, and wind-field information with machine learning based reconstruction of missing thermal data, the approach overcomes observational gaps and identifies atmospheric conditions favorable for UHI–precipitation interactions. Results show that approximately 290 out of 800 critical days exhibit strong alignment between UHI intensity, prevailing wind direction, and rainfall occurrence, confirming that UHI-induced precipitation enhancement is highly conditional and direction-dependent. Thermo-hygrometric clustering further reveals four atmospheric regimes linking temperature, humidity, and UHI intensity to rainfall patterns. Notably, nearly 48% of all events occur within a warm–humid regime characterized by mean temperature of 28.3°C, mean relative humidity of 83.6%, and mean UHI intensity of 5.8°C, conditions that promote convective uplift and moisture convergence. The findings demonstrate that static or mean-based analyses obscure transient feedback between urban heating and atmospheric dynamics. The proposed framework highlights the necessity of combining machine learning, downwind diagnostics, and high-resolution temporal coupling to better understand complex UHI–rainfall interactions, offering actionable insights for urban planning, hazard mitigation, and climate-resilient infrastructure design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Land cover dynamics in Cyprus: land use transitions between 2000 and 2020 across a coastal buffer zone” [City Environ. Interact. 29 (2026) 100327]","authors":"Dimitrios Koumoulidis ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Bormpoudakis ,&nbsp;Ioannis Varvaris ,&nbsp;Mariza Kaskara ,&nbsp;Charalampos Kontoes ,&nbsp;Diofantos Hadjimitsis","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Combining AI with urban resilience planning: A bibliometric analysis of literature” [City Environ. Interact. 30 (2026) 100342]","authors":"Sarbeswar Praharaj","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the co-benefits of a tropical urban park in São Paulo through integrated mobile and stationary monitoring","authors":"Jeetendra Sahani ,&nbsp;Akash Biswal ,&nbsp;Anubhav Kumar Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Soheila Khalili ,&nbsp;Hao Sun ,&nbsp;Maria de Fatima Andrade ,&nbsp;Giuliano Maselli Locosselli ,&nbsp;Marco A. Franco ,&nbsp;Maria Carla Queiroz Diniz de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Regina Maura de Miranda ,&nbsp;Leticia Figueiredo Candido ,&nbsp;Laurence Jones ,&nbsp;Prashant Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanisation in tropical megacities intensifies critical environmental stressors, including urban overheating, particulate air pollution (PM_2.5 and black carbon (BC)), and noise. Green-Blue-Grey Infrastructure (GBGI) offers a promising nature-based solution, yet major knowledge gaps exist regarding its empirical, multifunctional performance and diurnal dynamics in complex tropical settings. This study quantifies how vegetation in a large urban park (Ibirapuera Park, São Paulo) moderates microclimate, improves air quality, and attenuates noise, while assessing the influence of canopy structure and spatial location on these benefits.</div><div>A comprehensive mixed-method approach was employed during a 15-day intensive field campaign. High-resolution spatiotemporal data on PM_2.5, BC, carbon dioxide (CO₂), noise, and meteorological parameters were collected through a combination of stationary monitoring at nine ecologically distinct sites and mobile transect monitoring across an urban-park gradient. These observations were complemented by thermal imagery and sky view factor (SVF) analysis.</div><div>The park delivered substantial and dynamic environmental benefits. Dense vegetation reduced PM_2.5 and BC by up to 40%, with mobile gradients of 0.07 and 0.03  µg m⁻³ per 100  m toward the park core, respectively. Cooling averaged 1–2 °C, strengthening to 0.2 °C per 100  m outward in afternoons. A distinct temporal duality emerged: peak cooling occurred in the afternoon, while the strongest air quality improvements occurred in the morning before dense canopy began retaining pollutants. Noise attenuation was modest (∼6 dB), with reductions of 0.29  dB and 0.25  dB per 100  m in morning and afternoon transects.</div><div>Overall, the park functions as a multifunctional environmental regulator, with benefits shaped by vegetation density, spatial configuration, and time of day. Effective GBGI planning in tropical megacities should prioritise deep vegetative cores (≥250–300  m from major roads), multi-tiered buffers along traffic corridors, and dense canopy structures (SVF &lt; 0.4). Integrating SVF into zoning and expanding networked green corridors can extend these co-benefits, strengthening climate resilience, public health, and urban liveability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147740155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case studies of the impact of Industrialisation on tropical Island environments: a digital urban climate twin (DUCT) model applied to Singapore","authors":"M.O Mughal ,&nbsp;Vivek Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Mervyn Lynch","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates, through numerical modelling, the impact of increased industrialization on the environmental conditions of a tropical island. While islands surrounded by ocean are often assumed to benefit from ample ventilation via diurnal sea breezes, our analysis reveals the sensitivity of these warm climates to additional thermal loading from anthropogenic sources. We present the Digital Urban Climate Twin (DUCT), a sophisticated framework developed for modeling urban meteorological processes in the Singapore region. Leveraging the Singapore Framework of Interconnected Digital Twin (FIDT), DUCT incorporates substantial modifications to the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, including enhanced land use representation through Local Climate Zone (LCZ) mapping, improved anthropogenic heat ingestion procedures, and algorithm refinements. A comprehensive case study of Jurong Island, conducted using the National Supercomputing Centre (NSCC) Singapore, examines micro-meteorological impacts across four months representing Singapore’s distinct seasonal regimes (February, April, July, and October). The analysis quantifies diurnal temperature profiles, three-dimensional wind circulation patterns, statistical model evaluation, and Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects. Results demonstrate that industrial emissions from Jurong Island produce localized temperature increases up to ±0.5 °C on the Singapore Mainland, with UHI intensities reaching + 6 °C within the industrial area during nocturnal hours. The DUCT framework reduces simulation errors (RMSE &lt; 1.2 °C) compared to default WRF configurations, advancing our understanding of urban heat distribution and air circulation in tropical coastal environments. This approach demonstrates potential applicability to other climate regions facing similar urbanization and industrialization challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147991027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clustering time series analysis of tropospheric NO2 and AOD satellite data in global megacities: exploring patterns linked to energy-related variables","authors":"Matias I. Volke ,&nbsp;Lisdelys González-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Megacities, with their high population density and intensive industrial activity, are among the largest contributors to global air pollution. This study analyzes annual trends of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (tropoNO₂) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) using satellite observations across 34 megacities from 2005 to 2022. To capture variability and underlying drivers, we applied Non-Negative Matrix Factorization combined with Hierarchical Clustering, linking pollutant dynamics to energy, socioeconomic, and environmental indicators, with particular attention to the global financial crisis (2008–2009) and the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021). Key findings include: (i) tropoNO₂ shows stronger correlations with energy consumption indicators than AOD, especially in developed cities, (ii) Cluster analysis revealed three distinct response patterns to global crises: cities with minimal, moderate, or significant emission changes, (iii) Developing cities exhibited greater AOD fluctuations, highlighting vulnerability to economic shocks and weaker regulatory frameworks, (iv) tropoNO₂ displayed heterogeneous behaviors, with developed cities often grouped in clusters showing significant changes, potentially associated with motorized transport emissions. This study highlights the contrasting behaviors of tropoNO₂ and AOD across megacities, shaped by socioeconomic conditions, regulatory strength, and energy dependence. The proposed methodology provides a robust tool for identifying urban emission patterns and their relationship with economic stability, offering valuable insights for environmental mitigation strategies and sustainable urban planning, as well as for understanding and anticipating the future impacts of global crises or structural changes in energy consumption patterns. These findings contribute to advancing healthier and more resilient urban environments on a global scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147991028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schools as social infrastructure for urban quality of life: Strategies for fostering inclusivity","authors":"Jamil Binabid,&nbsp;Qusai Anteet","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As cities evolve toward human-centered development, schools hold untapped potential to serve as key elements of social infrastructure that promote urban quality of life. This study investigates how school facilities can be reimagined as inclusive, multifunctional community hubs that support social cohesion, equity, and neighborhood resilience. Using a thematic qualitative methodology, the research analyzes four global case studies to identify spatial and architectural strategies that extend the function of schools beyond education. These include shared public spaces, adaptability, environmental connectivity, and boundary integration. The findings are synthesized into a framework of design parameters that enable schools to become more accessible, inclusive, and contextually integrated within their urban settings. This research offers actionable insights for designers, planners, and policymakers aiming to transform schools into vital civic assets that contribute to sustainable and inclusive urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex adaptive learning for urban flood resilience: community-based nature-based solutions from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","authors":"Agnes G. Kapinga ,&nbsp;Karina Landman","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flooding in rapidly urbanising African cities reflects intertwined ecological degradation, institutional fragmentation, and socio-economic vulnerability. While Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) are increasingly promoted for flood management, there remains limited understanding of how community-driven Nature-Based Solutions contribute to resilience in flood management in the city. This study applies a Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) framework to examine community-driven NbS in Ilala District, Dar es Salaam, focusing on how they operate as adaptive processes, generate flood resilience, and are influenced by institutional arrangements. Using a participatory stakeholder workshop involving 25 representatives from government, civil society, technical agencies, and flood-prone communities, data were analysed thematically through core CAS properties, including diversity, self-organisation, feedback, hierarchy, and emergence. Findings show that community-driven NbS function as dynamic, locally embedded, adaptive processes shaped by continuous interaction, learning, and collective action. Mechanisms of self-organisation, feedback, and social diversity enable communities to respond to hydrological variability, with resilience emerging from the integration of green and hybrid NbS, as well as local social organisation. However, these adaptive processes are conditioned by institutional environments characterised by weak coordination, limited integration into formal urban planning systems, and low private-sector engagement, which constrain long-term sustainability and scaling. The study emphasizes the importance of improved governance, inclusive decision-making, and sustainable financing to sustain and expand community-led NbS initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147740154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}