Geography and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Precipitation mediates the effects of species diversity and belowground ecosystem multifunctionality on community stability across alpine grasslands, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau","authors":"Miao Liu ,&nbsp;Le Sun ,&nbsp;Yanli Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqing Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Ziyin Du ,&nbsp;Fei Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining community stability has profound positive impacts on the ecological functions and sustainable utilization of grassland ecosystems. Numerous studies have explored how community stability responds to climate change and its relationship with plant species diversity. Nevertheless, the impact and underlying mechanisms of belowground ecosystem multifunctionality (BGEMF) on community stability along a precipitation gradient in alpine grasslands remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted field surveys from 2015 to 2020, measuring plant species diversity, annual net primary productivity (ANPP), and soil physicochemical properties across 79 sites in alpine grassland ecosystems on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Our findings highlight both plant species diversity (standardized total effect: 32 %) and BGEMF (standardized total effect: 75 %) had an indirect effect on stability viaregulating mean ANPP within alpine grasslands. Furthermore, mean annual precipitation substantially impacted both plant species diversity and BGEMF, subsequently affecting community stability. However, temperature had a strong negative regulatory effect on species diversity, the mean and variability of ANPP. Thus, we emphasized the pivotal role of plant species diversity and BGEMF in shaping community stability, and stated the imperative need for species conservation and BGEMF improvement to sustain alpine ecosystems in the face of ongoing climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrosystems ecology: A new engine and frontier in contemporary ecosystem science","authors":"Guirui Yu ,&nbsp;Zongxu Yu ,&nbsp;Zhi Chen ,&nbsp;Qiufeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystems are complex systems shaped by both self-organization and anthropogenic regulation, emerging from the dynamic interplay among water, land, climate, biota, and human activities. As the foundational habitat for human well-being, they provide essential services including ecological goods, natural resources, cultural value, and livable environments. Amid accelerating global change, intensifying environmental pressures, and deepening disciplinary integration, ecosystem science is entering a period of transformative development. This study identifies macrosystems ecology, grounded in the principles of large-scale ecological processes, as a pivotal framework for driving the future of ecosystem science. We propose an integrated theoretical, epistemological, engineering and technological system to support this evolution, and retrospectively examine the origins and scientific mission of macrosystems ecology. Core questions, practical applications, research subjects, paradigms, and methodological systems are systematically outlined. In addition, we articulate the multidisciplinary principles, epistemological framework, and axiomatic system that underpin a coherent structure for macrosystems ecology. Together, these components offer strategic guidance for advancing both theoretical understanding and practical innovation in sustainable ecosystem management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical paths to halt elevation loss in Vietnamese Mekong Delta","authors":"Edward Park ,&nbsp;Dung Duc Tran ,&nbsp;Philip S.J. Minderhoud ,&nbsp;Ryan Clarke ,&nbsp;Faith Ka Shun Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is recognised as one of the world’s most vulnerable deltas, scholars have yet to provide an integrated diagnosis linking locally driven pressures to actionable pathways for halting its rapid elevation loss. The VMD—39,000 km² that feeds 18 million people—is sinking because four pressures act in concert: upstream dams have already cut sediment delivery by 70 %–83 % (projected 96 % if all planned projects proceed), mean sea level is rising 1.5–2 cm/yr, river-bed sand mining now removes about 3 Mm³/yr and deepens channels by up to 15 cm/yr, and groundwater withdrawals of approximately 2.5 Mm³/day have accelerated land-surface subsidence from smaller than 3 cm/yr in 2006–2010 to peaks of 5–6 cm/yr today. Scenario modelling shows that halving pumping would stabilize aquifer heads and cut subsidence by about 50 % within a decade, while provincial sand-quota cuts of 30 %–50 % would slow bed incision and ease salinity intrusion, reducing the irrigation deficits that drive further pumping. While the large-scale causes of subsidence (dams, sea level rise, sand mining, groundwater extraction) are well recognized, actionable, local-level management solutions to immediately slow subsidence and salinity intrusion—independent of slow international negotiations—have been underexplored and under-implemented. Because dam and climate remedies rely on slow transboundary negotiations, we target the more practical local pressures—sand mining and groundwater extraction—by first tightening sand-mining licenses, enforcing tiered groundwater tariffs, and scaling up rain- and surface-water alternatives, buying time for longer-term basin and climate agreements. These locally actionable measures can significantly reduce subsidence and provide a scalable model for sustaining deltas around the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban green infrastructure for flood resilience: Runoff sink-source regime shifts and vegetation structure influences","authors":"Kejing Zhou ,&nbsp;Fanhua Kong ,&nbsp;Haiwei Yin ,&nbsp;Georgia Destouni ,&nbsp;Xueying Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yulong Ban ,&nbsp;Liding Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the period of rainfall, urban green infrastructures (UGI) function like a sponge by absorbing surface runoff as sinks; however, they will shift to sources once their runoff reduction capacities are exceeded. This dynamic of sink-source shifts, and its dependence on the vegetation structure, remain poorly understood, limiting the action of flood-resilient UGI strategies. This study employs MIKE SHE/11 model coupled with statistical analysis for such resolution. Across four scenarios ranging from light to heavy rainfall, we identified regime shifts in UGI system through the decreasing to increasing trends of sink fractions, typically occurring around 13–18 h after rainfall starts. Based on these regime shifts, we categorized the UGI system into vulnerable, reliable, and recoverable components, highlighting its heterogeneous performance. In addition, by examining the influence of vegetation structure on sink–source dynamics, we found that a higher probability of sinks under light rainfalls was associated with a greater leaf area index (LAI) and vegetation height standard deviation (VH_STD), while green volume (GV) and canopy height (CH) played a more prominent role under heavier rainfalls. Threshold effect analysis further revealed that, a high proportion of the recoverable parts met the thresholds of CH (82 %) and GV (85 %), whereas fewer reached the thresholds of LAI (15 %–19 %) and VH_STD (3 %–6 %). These findings underscore the importance of enhancing 3D vegetation configuration for UGI to adapt to flood impacts. Our study expects to provide actionable knowledge for understanding, quantification, and management of the runoff sink-source dynamics, informing UGI design and planning to achieve urban flood resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the buffering impacts of temperate forests on enhancing grain yields through regional biogeophysical climate modification","authors":"Lingxue Yu ,&nbsp;Zhuoran Yan ,&nbsp;Tingxiang Liu ,&nbsp;Xuan Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxuan Li ,&nbsp;Kun Bu ,&nbsp;Wen J. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperate forests exert significant biogeophysical influences on local and regional climates through modulating the energy and moisture exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere, thereby serving as crucial barriers with significant buffering impacts on the productivity of adjacent agricultural ecosystems. However, the extent and underlying mechanisms of these biogeophysical and buffering effects of temperate forest barriers remains insufficiently understood. In this study, we integrated the dynamic crop model Noah-MP-Crop with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate the biogeophysical climate regulation of temperate forests and its buffering effects on crop yields in adjacent agricultural lands across Northeast China. Our findings revealed that temperate forest barriers induced significant local climate effects by cooling air and surface temperatures and reducing wind speeds within forested areas during the growing season, while also regulating non-local climate, particularly by altering regional precipitation patterns, 2 m water vapor mixing ratio (Q2), and soil moisture, predominantly in adjacent cropland areas. Furthermore, these forest barriers were found to modulate climate extremes, through affecting maximum temperature and wind speed on a local scale, as well as both maximum and minimum Q2 in non-local croplands. Our study also observed that temperate forest barriers, through biogeophysical climate regulation, enhanced GPP, NPP, and grain yields across most cropland areas. This productivity boost was especially pronounced, with yield increases up to 20 % in certain regions during the extreme drought conditions of 2017, underscoring the critical role of temperate forest barriers in sustaining and enhancing crop yields under severe climatic stress. Our findings underscore the significant buffering effects of temperate forest barriers on regional agricultural production, having important implications for climate adaptation strategies aimed at bolstering agricultural resilience in the face of increasing climate variability and extremes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban flourish or peril: Navigating the safe and just space through the lens of ecosystem services in China’s urbanization","authors":"Qin Zhou ,&nbsp;Changgao Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhou Fang ,&nbsp;Shi Xue ,&nbsp;Qiuya Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhongde Huang ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Jin ,&nbsp;Chenjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Bai ,&nbsp;Ni Geng ,&nbsp;Hengquan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanization develops with the goal of establishing improved and more sustainable habitats for residents. Environmental and social performance must be simultaneously monitored to ascertain whether regions are progressing towards or deviating from the safe and just space (SJS) in urbanization. Despite relevant studies, the absence of indicators that bridge ecological preservation and human well-beings renders dual monitoring challenging. This study bridged the gap by exploring the interactions between urbanization, ecosystem services (ESs), and basic water, energy, and food (WEF) needs within the SJS framework across China and its provinces. By quantifying the minimum and actual demands for freshwater withdrawal, carbon emissions, phosphorus emissions, and land use, as well as the supply of ESs into unified biophysical indicators, we found that: (1) China can meet the basic WEF needs for all from 2000 to 2020, but only water and land provisioning ESs can operate within the SJS. Carbon emissions surpassed the sequestration capacity in 2010, while phosphorus purification ES has consistently been unsafe. (2) The SJS performance in terms of ecological and social fulfilment exhibited scale differences and undergone changes with urbanization. Overall, no province in China can consistently operate within all SJSs. (3) In the process of urbanization, improvements in ecological protection and production practices in most provinces expanded the size of SJS, but the continuous increase in total demand failed to steer regions toward safer spaces. Our framework emphasized the common but differentiated pathways that regions at varying stages of urbanization navigate to achieve safety and justice. It also provides an applicable solution for regions aiming to pursue urban growth while maintaining ecological conservation and social justice, ultimately achieving sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Same soybean policy, different responses of agricultural systems: Comparing effectiveness of cropping pattern adjusting in state farms and rural household farms of Heilongjiang, China","authors":"Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Jinwei Dong ,&nbsp;Zhichao Li ,&nbsp;Li Sun ,&nbsp;Chuantao Ren ,&nbsp;Guoming Du ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Di ,&nbsp;Nanshan You ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>State farms, although a minority in China’s agricultural sector, play a critical role in regions like Heilongjiang, leading national food production. However, how state farms (SFs) and rural household farms (RFs) respond to food policies, especially the 2017 soybean subsidy policy (post-Sino–U.S. trade war) and the 2019 soybean revitalization policy, remains unclear. This study examines changes in cropping patterns on SFs and RFs in Heilongjiang from 2013 to 2022 using annual crop maps. We find that SFs, with larger and more clustered fields, responded more effectively to the soybean policies: soybean acreage recovery (2019–2021) reached 91.51 % of pre-trade war levels for RFs and 98.2 % for SFs; following the revitalization policy, maize-soybean rotations were implemented four times in 62.3 % of SFs and 45.4 % of RFs. These results highlight the influence of global trade and agricultural policies on cropland management, providing critical insights into sustainable practices and food security across different agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global patterns and determinants of erosion-induced soil carbon translocation","authors":"Fangli Wei ,&nbsp;Lanhui Wang ,&nbsp;Lizhi Jia ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion is a critical process influencing the global carbon cycle. However, erosion-induced carbon changes remain inadequately understood, particularly for soil inorganic carbon (SIC). There is also limited knowledge about the factors influencing soil carbon dynamics during erosion processes. Here we quantify the global translocation of soil organic carbon (SOC) and SIC due to soil erosion using data-driven global soil carbon estimates combined with a soil erosion map derived from the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. Our analysis reveals that global SIC and SOC translocations from soil erosion are 107.1 Tg C yr⁻¹ and 898.4 Tg C yr⁻¹, respectively. These translocations exhibit distinct patterns across aridity gradients and different biomes and soil types, with SIC translocation increasing while SOC translocation decreasing with aridity. Croplands exhibit significantly higher soil carbon translocation compared to natural vegetation, with SIC translocation being 2.41 times higher and SOC translocation 0.65 times higher than in forests. Topographic features (slope length and steepness) predominantly determine soil carbon translocation during erosion, with steeper and longer slopes exacerbating erosion and subsequent SIC/SOC translocation. Land use change, particularly agricultural practices, is also a critical driver. Our findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing SIC and SOC translocation, enhancing our understanding of the global patterns and determinants of erosion-induced soil carbon dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying water supply–demand relationship and spatial flow in Qinghai–Xizang Plateau: Case study of Lhasa River Basin","authors":"Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaochi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Qinghai–Xizang Plateau is a primary water supply region in Asia. The Lhasa River Basin is the political, economic, and cultural core area and main cultivation area of Qinghai–Xizang Plateau and is considered ecologically fragile. With uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources, mismatched supply and demand may accentuate differences in distribution and affect the security of regional water resources. This study employed system dynamics (SD) to measure the supply and demand of water supply services and analyzed the correlation between supply and beneficiary areas by evaluating the supply and demand overlap. Moreover, the 2030 supply–demand relationship was predicted, the pattern of sustainable development of the basin is discussed, and optimization suggestions are proposed. The range of water supply service beneficiary areas in the Lhasa River Basin shows an increasing trend from 2005 to 2020. The spatial distribution of water supply in 2030 is predicted to be the same as that in 2020, while the total amount of water supply is expected to decrease. By 2030, the largest proportion of water demand will be industry, followed by agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry. Overall, there is a mismatch between water supply and demand services in the Lhasa River Basin, and it is essential to develop a reasonable water resource management and allocation policy as well as an optimized ecological management strategy for the basin through integrated planning. Here, we provide suggestions for the sustainable development and ecological environmental protection of the Lhasa River Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural and socioeconomic effects of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau, China","authors":"Xianlei Fan ,&nbsp;Yangjian Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Edith Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although Vegetation Restoration Programs (VRPs) on the Loess Plateau, China, have significantly improved the region’s ecological condition, their impact on the local economy and agriculture remain unclear. Here we used the difference-in-differences analysis to quantify the effects of the VRPs on population, economic, and agricultural aspects. Results suggest that the implementation of the VRPs increased mean county-based Gross Domestic Product by 148 % and per capita grain production by 30 %, but decreased rural labor resources by 11 %. VRPs promoted the transfer of population to the secondary industry and increased the income of local farmers. We predict that grain production will likely start to decline when the restoration area exceeds approximately 55 % of the total county area in the future. Our study suggests that while VRPs on the Loess Plateau are economically sustainable, their expansion beyond a certain threshold could jeopardize agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 5","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}