Geography and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"How urban land expansion alters terrain in mountainous and hilly areas: An empirical study in China","authors":"Zihao Zhou,&nbsp;Yimin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale urban land expansion in mountainous and hilly areas (UEMH) has significantly altered the terrain in many Chinese cities, leading to various environmental and urban challenges. Despite its importance, there is limited nation-scale research that reveals the amount and the spatial variations of UEMH-induced terrain alteration. This research integrates the Global Annual Urban Dynamics dataset, the Global Basic Landform Unit dataset, the TanDEM-X DEM Change Map (DCM) dataset, Baidu Points-of-Interest (POI), and other auxiliary datasets to conduct a comprehensive analysis of terrain alteration induced by UEMH in China from 2012 to 2020. The results indicate that the country-wide UEMH-induced terrain alteration reached approximately 13 billion m³, which is about 100 times the volume of Hangzhou West Lake, and terrain alteration volume in over 300 counties exceeded 10 million m³. The Southwest and Southeast regions, which are ecologically sensitive and critical, feature the greatest alteration in terms of area and volume. The most significant terrain alteration in terms of intensity is observed in the Southwest and Hengduan Mountain Area. Additionally, there are significant spatial variations in the contributions of different urban functional zones to terrain alteration. Our findings indicate that urban land expansion in mountains and hills has significantly altered terrain in some regions of China, necessitating customized urban planning strategies for better managing mountainous urban land expansion and governance policies to address the geological, ecological, and urban development challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100304"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological industrialization and rural revitalization for global sustainable development","authors":"Yansui Liu ,&nbsp;Xuhong Li ,&nbsp;Sixin Su ,&nbsp;Yuanzhi Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global sustainable development cannot be achieved by neglecting rural areas. These regions represent vast territorial spaces beyond urban built-up areas, possessing comparative advantages through their distinctive ecological resources. The transformation of ecological resources into economic value, commonly referred to as ecological industrialization, enhances rural economic vitality and developmental potential. Comprehensive rural revitalization strengthens regional functionality and development resilience, thereby promoting sustainable rural development. Based on human–earth system science, we theorize ecological industrialization as the PGR model, manifesting the transformation path from “poor mountain” to “green mountain” and then to “rich mountain”. It is noteworthy that in regions endowed with beautiful ecological landscapes, the PGR model prioritizes the transformation of “green mountain” to “rich mountain”. The essence of rural revitalization manifests through areal transformations driven by tripartite forces: the rural internal force, urban peripheral force, and urban–rural interaction force. There is a mutually reinforcing relationship between ecological industrialization and rural revitalization, and the implementation of the two can realize the coordinated development of rural functions. In this process, rural areas have realized the transformation from degraded land system to human–earth coupling system. Furthermore, through the examination of Fuping, Liuba, and Sanming as exemplary case studies, we have distilled three distinct modes of ecological industrialization: the circular industry mode, the ecological tourism mode, and the carbon sink trading mode. It is recommended that rural areas prioritize the coordinated implementation of ecological industrialization and rural revitalization in accordance with regional characteristics, so as to better foster rural sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100307"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food provision responses to changes in mountainous terraced and sloping cropland: Implications for land management based on land dynamics and terrain gradient","authors":"Yu Shi ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Wendi Wang ,&nbsp;Paolo Tarolli ,&nbsp;Liding Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural terraces are significant for food provision, environmental stability and sustainable resource management. However, the spatiotemporal evolution of terraces and their influence on food productivity in mountainous landscapes remain poorly understood. Taking the Chinese Loess Plateau (LP) as an example, this study conducted multitemporal mapping of terraces and sloping croplands over three decades (1990–2020), systematically assessing their impacts on food output through terrain gradient analysis. The results indicated that: (1) the terraced area expanded in the past 30 years, particularly across steeper terrain gradients (third to fifth gradients); (2) sloping croplands predominantly occupied gentle slopes (first to second gradients), exhibiting area reduction correlating with urbanization processes; (3) the food provision increased extensively, with yield decreasing from southeast to northwest and regions of high yielding mainly in terraced fields; (4) over time, the variation of food provision correlated positively with the area of sloping cropland at low gradients, while at higher gradients, the expansion of terraces dominated the increase in food provision; (5) spatial clustering analysis revealed significant food productivity associated with high-density terrace distribution across steeper slope gradients. Low yields could be attributed to improper terrace management. This study clarified the impact of long-term terrace patterns on food provision and offered large-scale perspectives for terrace-based agriculture to enhance food security. Furthermore, the findings underscore the imperative of integrated land management in topographically complex regions, informing evidence-based policymaking for rational allocation and optimal utilization of terrace resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governance on provision of ecosystem and its services in Nepal: Lessons from appraisal of policy, legislation, and institution","authors":"Pashupati Nepal ,&nbsp;Basanta Paudel ,&nbsp;Yili Zhang ,&nbsp;Narendra Raj Khanal ,&nbsp;Linshan Liu ,&nbsp;Mohan Kumar Rai ,&nbsp;Nirdesh Nepal","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystem degradation and the loss of ecosystem services stem from multiple causes, requiring coordinated and diverse policies, legislation, and institutional responses to effectively address them. An understanding of the policies, legislation, and institutions governing ecosystem services can enhance the sustained management and provision of ecosystem services. Therefore, this work appraises the policies, legislation and institutional provisions made by the government of Nepal. In addition, this study analyzes policy implications and identifies gaps and barriers that hinder future improvements in the management of ecosystem services. Altogether, 63 documents comprising 45 policies and 18 legislations promulgated by the government of Nepal have been assessed for content analysis. Twenty Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) have also been conducted to obtain expert insights about the gaps in policy formulation and implementation. The results indicate that though several sectoral policies and legislations have made provision on management of ecosystem and its services implicitly or explicitly, still there is lacking of overarching framework to deal with ecosystem services. Overlapping roles and responsibilities outlined in the constitution, policies, and legislation, coupled with weak enforcement and lack of multisectoral coordination mechanism, are significant obstacles to effective policy implementation. Therefore, there is a need to develop an overarching national framework backed up by legislation with a strong multisectoral coordination mechanism that will adopt a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the sustained management and provision of the ecosystem and its services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial scale-dependence and controlling factors of ecosystem service supply-demand relationships in the Loess Plateau of China","authors":"Xiaojia Han ,&nbsp;Guangyao Gao ,&nbsp;Junze Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhuangzhuang Wang ,&nbsp;Xutong Wu ,&nbsp;Yihe Lü","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESs) across various scales is crucial for regional sustainable development. However, the relationships between ESs supply and demand, along with their determinants, have not been thoroughly investigated from a multi-spatial perspective. In this study, we quantified four ESs (carbon sequestration, water yield, food supply, and soil conservation) at six spatial scales (pixel, 10 km, 50 km, county, municipality and watershed scale) in China’s Loess Plateau (LP), characterized by fragile ecological environment and high human activity. The ESs supply-demand matches and their trade-offs or synergies as well as the dominant influencing factors at different scales were identified. There was significant spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of ESs supply and demand across the LP. The balance between ESs supply and demand became obvious from pixel to watershed (municipality) scale, with the area proportion increased by 66.78 %, 57.85 %, and 17.89 % for carbon sequestration, water yield and food supply, respectively. The supply-demand match of paired ESs was dominated by synergistic effects at the grid scales and county scale, and their trade-offs mainly occurred in municipality and watershed scales. Population and GDP emerged as the primary factors influencing the supply-demand matches for carbon sequestration, water yield, and food supply, whereas soil conservation was primarily shaped by natural factors. Furthermore, the influence of dominant factors strengthened as the spatial scale increases. The load coefficient of GDP, land use degree and human activities index increased by 0.5057, 0.6985 and 0.6705 from pixel scale to watershed scale, respectively. Thus, implementation of specific management measures should consider both the overall situation of ESs at large scale and influencing factors at small scale. This multi-scale study sheds light on understanding the interactions between supply and demand in different ESs, and provides new insights for hierarchical ecosystem management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coastal salt marsh changes in China: Landscape pattern, driving factors, and carbon dynamics","authors":"Jiali Gu ,&nbsp;Jiaping Wu ,&nbsp;Dongfeng Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal salt marshes provide critical ecological services, including carbon sequestration. However, the landscape patterns, driving factors, and carbon dynamics associated with salt marsh losses and gains remain insufficiently explored, which is vital for effective restoration. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of these aspects across China, with a focus on species-specific differences. Based on historical salt marsh data, landscape analysis was applied for identifying the spatiotemporal characteristics of changes. XGBoost algorithm was used for driving factor analysis. Carbon dynamics derived from salt marsh changes were estimated with statistical calculation. Our results indicated that the distribution patterns of salt marshes, as indicated by mean center, ellipse area, and landscape indices, varied significantly from 1985 to 2019, particularly between 2005 and 2010. Native species, such as <em>Phragmites australis</em> and <em>Suaeda salsa</em>, experienced significant losses with a 72 % reduction, while exotic species <em>Spartina alterniflora</em> showed substantial gains with a 680-fold. Human disturbances emerged as the primary driver of these changes, with mean temperature and precipitation influencing certain regions and years. Overall, salt marsh changes resulted in a net emission of 68.1 Mt CO₂, with the highest emission in Shandong and linked to the loss of <em>Phragmites australis</em>. Conversely, carbon sequestration equivalent to 11.1 Mt CO₂ mainly resulted from the expansion of <em>Spartina alterniflora</em>, with Shanghai contributing the most. This species-specific and site-specific analysis of landscape patterns, drivers, and carbon dynamics in China could enhance our understanding of salt marsh changes and offer valuable insights for targeted restoration efforts at both local and national levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use changes and their effects on poverty in Inner Mongolia, northern China","authors":"Zhen Wu ,&nbsp;Xianjin Huang ,&nbsp;Xue Liu ,&nbsp;Michael E. Meadows ,&nbsp;Ruishan Chen ,&nbsp;Long Li","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of land use changes on poverty vary markedly among geographic regions. While Inner Mongolia has been experiencing significant land use changes during past decades, to date there has been no systematic research aimed at understanding how these land use changes affect poverty in the region. This study analyzes spatiotemporal patterns of land use changes in Inner Mongolia from 1980 to 2020 through the application of statistical methods including Correlation Analysis, Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis, and Geographically Weighted Regression to understand how land use changes affect the distribution and dynamics of poverty. We show that five types of land use conversion explain 51 % of the variation in poverty levels. Conversions among cultivated land, grassland, and construction land are shown to have dominated the pattern of land use change in Inner Mongolia. From 2000 to 2020, 2,208 km² of grassland and 56 km² of water/wetland were converted to built-up land, and 32 km² of water/wetland was converted to woodland, these conversions promoted poverty reduction. Conversely, the conversion of existing cultivated land to grassland and its degradation to unused land (1,754 km² and 156 km², respectively) has constrained progress in alleviating poverty in the region. Accordingly, further mitigation of poverty in Inner Mongolia can be obtained through interventions that conserve remaining cultivated land, while simultaneously facilitating urbanization. Maintaining the dynamic balance between economic growth and environmental protection is key to the development of policies that advance sustainability in this region. Moreover, the methodology used in this study has the potential to be applied to other regions of the world with similar environmental and socioeconomic conditions to support sustainable land use planning in the context of poverty reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wetland key habitat functional areas in China informed by flagship waterbirds: Past changes, present status and future trend with modeling scenarios","authors":"Hengxing Xiang ,&nbsp;Dehua Mao ,&nbsp;Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Yeqiao Wang ,&nbsp;Chi-Yeung Choi ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Wang ,&nbsp;Haitao Wu ,&nbsp;Kaidong Feng ,&nbsp;Zongming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the crucial role of wetland conservation in China for the sustainability of biodiversity, it is imperative to identify key habitat functional areas (KHFAs), which are suitable for sustaining waterbirds and ensuring landscape connectivity, to optimize wetland management. This study identifies the past changes, present status, and future patterns of wetland KHFAs in China by using the Zonation model with comprehensive data inputs, including wetland distribution, key bird distribution areas (such as Ramsar sites and Important Bird Areas), and flagship waterbird species. Results show that the current wetland KHFAs in China is 41,613.5 km², mainly in the Sanjiang Plain (SJP), Songnen Plain (SNP), middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (QXP) regions. The area of wetland KHFAs has been declining since 1990, especially in 2000, mainly due to anthropogenic impacts such as urbanization and agricultural expansion. The future projections suggest a continued decline in the area of wetland KHFAs, although the trend is expected to be slowed. The conservation gap analysis indicates that prioritizing wetland reserves in KHFAs areas, such as the SJP, SNP, and QXP, can significantly enhance the protection of wetland flagship species and their habitats. The results of this study establish conservation priorities that align with national goals of a 55 % wetland protection rate and the global biodiversity framework in protected areas and biodiversity, indicating that the spatial conservation optimization approach is an effective method for identifying wetland KHFAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalising terraced landscapes: Co-production of ecosystem services for sustainable futures","authors":"Christos Zoumides,&nbsp;Adriana Bruggeman,&nbsp;Hakan Djuma","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interplay between human and ecological systems has evolved from traditional conservation approaches to integrated socio-ecological frameworks that emphasise the co-production of ecosystem services. This paper aims to inspire new research pathways to advance the Nature’s Contributions to People (NCP) perspective by focusing on terraced agroecosystems as emblematic landscapes that exemplify this co-production. Informed by recent studies in sustainability science, and drawing on our experience in Mediterranean environments, we explore the transformative potential of these frameworks for understanding and managing terraced landscapes. Addressing their multifunctionality, the challenges they face, and their socio-cultural and ecological significance, we highlight the importance of bridging scientific insights with local knowledge and participatory practices. We examine the use of advanced biophysical assessments, mapping tools, and stakeholder-driven approaches to enhance field assessment, monitoring capabilities and tackle management challenges under changing socio-economic conditions. We stress the urgent need for education and capacity-building initiatives to counteract indigenous knowledge loss and sustain traditional practices. Looking to the future, we propose potential avenues for research and practice that integrate ecological, cultural, and governance dimensions, contributing to the long-term sustainability of terraced landscapes and informing broader efforts for sustainable land management in an era of rapid environmental change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of the Shan-Shui Initiatives in China","authors":"Yutong Jiang ,&nbsp;Xinghao Shan ,&nbsp;Qingyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Feng ,&nbsp;Yuyang Lai ,&nbsp;Kaiji Xu ,&nbsp;Jinman Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongke Bai ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Shan-Shui Initiative has attracted global attention in massively contained ecological deterioration and restored millions of hectares of land in China. There are high hopes for this new combination of protection, restoration, and management of ecosystems, its overall benefits, however, remain uncertain. Here, we employed ecosystem service (ES) indicators to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of all pilot projects since 2016 at the national scale. Results show that after the implementation of Shan-Shui Initiative, ES have significantly improved, with increases in water yield (14.3 %), carbon sequestration (13.7 %), soil conservation (6.5 %), windbreak sand fixation (5.0 %), and habitat quality (0.7 %). The changes in ES were driven by both the Shan-Shui Initiative and climate change. Projects with longer implementation periods showed a more pronounced trend of growth in ESs, particularly evident in the ecological space. The spillover effects were widely present and the prevalence of positive spillover effects was notably greater than that of negative ones. Furthermore, the diverse interventions implemented in the Shan-Shui project had varying impacts on ES across different regions. Overall, these interventions showed a positive influence on ESs, although the degree of trade-off showed a south-high and north-low pattern. This highlights the necessity for ecological restoration efforts to carefully consider regional differences. This study may provide policy guidance for optimizing the layout and sustainable management of Shan-Shui ecological restoration projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 4","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}