Water Research X最新文献

A critical review of ultra-violet light emitting diodes as a one water disinfection technology 紫外线发光二极管作为一种水消毒技术的重要评述

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100271

{"title":"A critical review of ultra-violet light emitting diodes as a one water disinfection technology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>UV light emitting diode (LED) disinfection technologies have advanced over the last decade and expanded the design space for applications in point of use, industrial, and now full-scale water treatment. This literature review examines the progression of UV LED technologies from 2007 to 2023 using key features such as total optical power, price, and wall-plug efficiency. The review found that optical power is increasing while the price per Watt is decreasing; however, the wall plug energy (WPE) is slowly improving over the last decade. These factors govern the feasibility of many UV LEDs applications and establish the current state of the art for these technologies. An analysis of inactivation rate constants for low-pressure, medium-pressure, and UV LED sources was undertaken and provides a comprehensive view of how current UV LED technologies compare to traditional technologies. This comparison found that UV LEDs perform comparably vs conventional UV technologies when disinfecting bacteria and viruses. Furthermore, comparison of reported reduction equivalent fluences for UV LED flow-through reactors at the bench-, pilot-, and full-scale were explored in this review, and it was found that LED treatment is becoming more effective at handling increased flowrates and has been proven to work at full-scale. UV LEDs do however require additional research into the impacts of water matrices at different wavelengths and the impact that each available LED wavelength has on disinfection. Overall, this work provides a broad assessment of UV disinfection technologies and serves as a state-of-the-art reference document for those who are interested in understanding this rapidly developing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel ellipsoid-like granules exhibit enhanced anammox performance compared to sphere-like granules 与球形颗粒相比，新型椭圆形颗粒具有更强的厌氧性能

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100270

{"title":"Novel ellipsoid-like granules exhibit enhanced anammox performance compared to sphere-like granules","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anammox granular sludge (AnGS) serves as an important platform for cost-effective nitrogen removal from wastewater. Different to the traditionally sphere-like granules, a novel type of AnGS in a unique ellipsoid-like shape was obtained through enhancing shear force. The ellipsoid-like AnGS significantly exhibited a smaller aspect ratio (-25.1 %) and granular size (-11.8 %), compared to traditional sphere-like AnGS (<em>p</em> < 0.01). Comprehensive comparisons showed that ellipsoid-like AnGS possessed a significantly higher extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content and strength, as well as an enhanced mass transfer and a higher viable bacteria proportion due to the larger substrate permeable zone (<em>p</em> < 0.01). Additionally, the anammox bacterial abundance (<em>Candidatus</em> Kuenenia) was 12.2 % higher in ellipsoid-like AnGS than in sphere-like AnGS. All these characteristics of ellipsoid-like AnGS jointly increased the specific anammox activity by 29.0 % and nitrogen removal capacity by 22.6 %, compared to sphere-like AnGS. Further fluid field simulation suggested the enhanced flow shear on the side surface of AnGS likely drove the formation of ellipsoid-like AnGS. The higher shear force on the side surface led to an increase of EPS content (especially hydrophobic protein) and elastic modulus, thus constraining lateral expansion. This study sheds light on impacts of granular shape, an overlooked morphological factor, on anammox performance. The ellipsoid-like AnGS presented herein also offers a unique and promising aggregate to enhance anammox performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-sewer iron dosing enhances bioenergy recovery in downstream sewage sludge anaerobic digestion: The impact of iron salt types and thermal hydrolysis pretreatment 污水管内加铁可提高下游污水污泥厌氧消化的生物能回收率：铁盐类型和热水解预处理的影响

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100273

{"title":"In-sewer iron dosing enhances bioenergy recovery in downstream sewage sludge anaerobic digestion: The impact of iron salt types and thermal hydrolysis pretreatment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dosing iron salts is a widely adopted strategy for sewer odor and corrosion management, and it can affect bioenergy recovery during anaerobic digestion (AD) of sludge in downstream wastewater treatment plants. However, the different impacts of in-sewer iron salt dosing on AD, depending on the types of iron and digestion conditions, remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of in-sewer ferrous (Fe(II)) and ferrate (Fe(VI)) dosing on bioenergy recovery in both conventional AD and AD with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP). The results showed that in-sewer Fe(VI) dosing notably enhanced methane production in AD more than in-sewer Fe(II) dosing, with cumulative methane yields of 197.1±1.9 mLCH<sub>4</sub>∙gVSadded<sup>−1</sup> for Fe(VI) and 186.5±10.4 mLCH<sub>4</sub>∙gVSadded<sup>−1</sup> for Fe(II), respectively. Microbial analyses and iron particle characterizations suggested that the superior promotion with Fe(VI) dosing may be attributed to the smaller particle sizes and higher iron oxide content of Fe(VI) resultant products. This led to a greater enhancement in direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between syntrophic bacteria and methanogens, as indicated by the upregulation of <em>Methanosaeta</em> and key functional genes involved in CO<sub>2</sub>-utilizing methanogenesis. Additionally, in THP-AD, the methane production enhancement caused by in-sewer iron dosing (35.5 mLCH<sub>4</sub>∙gVSadded<sup>−1</sup>) exceeded that in conventional AD (26.9 mLCH<sub>4</sub>∙gVSadded<sup>−1</sup>), although organic degradation during THP was unaffected. As THP-AD gains popularity for improved bioenergy recovery from sludge, our findings suggest that in-sewer iron dosing supports this advancement. Furthermore, in-sewer Fe(VI) dosing appears more promising within integrated wastewater management strategies, facilitating energy- and carbon-neutralization of urban water systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient and sustainable removal of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in a membrane biofilm: Oxygen supply dosage impacts mineralization pathway 在膜生物膜中高效、可持续地去除线性烷基苯磺酸盐：供氧量对矿化途径的影响

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100268

{"title":"Efficient and sustainable removal of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in a membrane biofilm: Oxygen supply dosage impacts mineralization pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) can be thoroughly mineralized within sufficient oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>), but which is energy intensive and may causes serious foaming problem. Although cometabolism can achieve efficient LAS removal within a wide range of O<sub>2</sub> dosages, how O<sub>2</sub> dosage systematically affects LAS metabolic pathway is still unclear. Here, membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) enabled accurate O<sub>2</sub> delivery and bulk dissolved oxygen (DO) control. MABR achieved efficient removal of LAS (>96.4 %), nitrate (>97.8 %) and total nitrogen (>96.2 %) at the three target DO conditions. At high DO condition (0.6 mg/L), LAS was efficiently removed by aerobic mineralization (predominant) coupled with aerobic denitrification biodegradation with the related functional enzymes. <em>Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Hydrogenophaga</em>, and <em>Pseudoxanthomonas</em> were dominant genus contributing to four possible LAS aerobic metabolic pathways. As O<sub>2</sub> dosage reduced to only 29.7 % of the demand for LAS mineralization, O<sub>2</sub> facilitated LAS activation, benzene-ring cleavage and a portion of respiration. NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N respiration-induced anaerobic denitrification also contributed to ring-opening and organics mineralization. <em>Desulfomicrobium</em> and <em>Desulfonema</em> related two possible anaerobic metabolic pathways also contributed to LAS removal. The findings provide a promising strategy for achieving low-cost high LAS-containing greywater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Near-Complete Phosphorus Recovery from Challenging Water Matrices Using Multiuse Ceramsite Made from Water Treatment Residual (WTR) 利用水处理剩余物 (WTR) 制成的多用途铈镧石从具有挑战性的水基质中近乎完全地回收磷

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100267

{"title":"Near-Complete Phosphorus Recovery from Challenging Water Matrices Using Multiuse Ceramsite Made from Water Treatment Residual (WTR)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water treatment residual (WTR) is a burden for many water treatment plants due to the large volumes and associated management costs. In this study, we transform aluminum-salt WTR (Al-WTR) into ceramsite (ASC) to recover phosphate from challenging waters. ASC showed remarkably higher specific surface area (SSA, 70.53 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and phosphate adsorption capacity (calculated 47.2 mg P/g) compared to previously reported ceramsite materials (< 40 m<sup>2</sup>/g SSA and < 20 mg P/g). ASC recovered over 94.9% of phosphate across a wide pH range (3 – 11) and generally sustained > 90% of its phosphate recovery at high concentrations of competing anions (i.e., Cl<sup>-</sup>, F<sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, or HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) or humic acid (HA). We challenged the material with real municipal wastewater at 10°C and achieved simultaneous phosphate (>97.1%) and COD removal (71.2%). Once saturated with phosphate, ASC can be repurposed for landscaping or soil amendment. The economic analysis indicates that ASC can be a competitive alternative to natural clay-based ceramsite, biochar, or other useful materials. Therefore, ASC is an eco-friendly, cost-effective adsorbent for phosphate recovery from complex waters, shedding light upon a circular economy in the water sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling transient mixed flows in sewer systems with data fusion via physics-informed machine learning 通过物理信息机器学习进行数据融合，为下水道系统中的瞬态混合流建模

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100266

{"title":"Modeling transient mixed flows in sewer systems with data fusion via physics-informed machine learning","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transitions between free-surface and pressurized flows, known as transient mixed flows, have posed significant challenges in urban drainage systems (UDS), e.g., pipe bursts, road collapses, and geysers. However, traditional mechanistic modeling for mixed flows is challenged by the difficult integration of multi-source data, complex equation forms for the discovery of dynamic processes, and high computational demands. In response, we proposed a data-driven model, TMF-PINN, which utilizes a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) to simulate and invert Transient Mixed Flow (TMF) in sewer networks. This model integrates experimental data, simulation results and Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) into its loss function, leveraging the extensive data available in smart urban water systems. A status factor (<em>α</em>) has been introduced to seamlessly link open channel and pressurized flow dynamics, facilitating rapid adjustments in wave speed. On this basis, Fourier feature extraction and quadratic neural networks have been employed to capture complex dynamic processes featuring high-frequency. Validation through three classical cases using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and comparisons with finite volume Harten-Lax-van Leer (HLL) solver reveal that the proposed model circumvents the constraints of spatiotemporal resolution, yielding accurate flow field predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid and selective quantitative colourimetric analysis of nitrite in water using a S-Nitrosothiol based method 使用基于 S-亚硝基硫醇的方法快速、选择性地定量比色分析水中的亚硝酸盐

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100265

{"title":"Rapid and selective quantitative colourimetric analysis of nitrite in water using a S-Nitrosothiol based method","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel S-nitrosothiol based method for the rapid and highly selective detection of nitrite in complex water matrices. Sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate forms a distinctive pink S-nitrosothiol compound upon interaction with nitrite in acidic media, allowing both visual and quantitative detection. Various factors affecting the absorbance of the final product were investigated, including pH, reaction time, acid type, and sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate concentration. UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated an excellent linear correlation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99) across a broad detection range (0.05 to 80 mmol <span>l</span><sup>-1</sup>), while showing no interference from common ions such as nitrate or dissolved organic matter, a limitation frequently observed in conventional UV-based nitrite detection methods. The assay was further adapted into a pellet form to simplify field use, operating effectively at room temperature with a low detection limit (1.4 ppm). The S-nitrosothiol based method represents a safer and more environmentally friendly option for nitrite detection and shows a promising potential as a valuable addition to both field and laboratory water testing kits for nitrite analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional convolutional neural network for leak detection and localization in smart water distribution systems 用于智能配水系统泄漏检测和定位的三维卷积神经网络

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100264

{"title":"Three-dimensional convolutional neural network for leak detection and localization in smart water distribution systems","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart meters such as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) can significantly improve identifying realistic sized leaks in water distribution networks (WDNs). However, to date, detection/localization methods for AMI systems are extremely limited. In this study, to examine the benefits of using AMIs for leak detection within distribution network, a three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning (DL) model is proposed that can account for temporally and spatially distributed information of pressures. The 3D CNN is tested for a real WDN in Austin using the realistic sized leaks (e.g., 3 L/s for 150-mm pipes) that are generated from hydraulic simulations. The model's performance is evaluated using detection probability, false alarm rate, and localization pipe distance metrics. In addition, the strength of using DL for leak identification is examined by comparing the CNN results with those from an optimization-based model. The 3D CNN performed better than the optimization model indicating that DL has advantages over conventional tools such as optimization methods. However, its adaptability may limit its use in some cases. Since DL can be significantly impacted by hydraulic simulation model, a way to handle modelling error must be determined. In addition, as network changes occur, retraining is required that may be time consuming and have difficulty with the number of failure conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coarse bubble mixing in anoxic zone greatly stimulates nitrous oxide emissions from biological nitrogen removal process 缺氧区的粗大气泡混合大大刺激了生物脱氮过程中的氧化亚氮排放

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100263

{"title":"Coarse bubble mixing in anoxic zone greatly stimulates nitrous oxide emissions from biological nitrogen removal process","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biological nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment inevitably produces nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), a potent greenhouse gas. Coarse bubble mixing is widely employed in wastewater treatment processes to mix anoxic tanks; however, its impacts on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are rarely reported. This study investigates the effects of coarse bubble mixing on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in a pilot-scale mainstream nitrite shunt reactor over a 50-day steady-state period. Online and offline N<sub>2</sub>O monitoring campaigns show that coarse bubble mixing in the anoxic zones significantly elevates N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, yielding an extremely high emission factor of 15.5 ± 3.5 %. Intensive sampling and isotopic analyses suggest that the elevated emissions are primarily due to the inhibition of the N<sub>2</sub>O denitrification process by oxygen in the anoxic phase introduced by coarse bubbling. Substituting coarse bubble mixing with submersible pump mixing resulted in a substantial reduction of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, decreasing the emission factor by an order of magnitude to 1.2 ± 0.8 %. The findings reveal that a previously overlooked factor, coarse bubble mixing, can significantly stimulate N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. The use of coarse bubble mixing in anoxic tanks of biological nitrogen removal warrants caution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of blue-green infrastructure on trace contaminants: A catchment-wide assessment 蓝绿基础设施对痕量污染物的影响：全流域评估

IF 7.2 2区环境科学与生态学

Water Research X Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100261

{"title":"The impact of blue-green infrastructure on trace contaminants: A catchment-wide assessment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blue-green infrastructure (BGI) reduce urban combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and stormwater outlets (SWOs). However, most conventional BGI are not designed to remove trace organic contaminants. Little is known about the potential of conventional BGI to improve surface water quality by reducing the discharge of trace organic contaminants. We derived wash-off loads for street runoff (6PPD-q, DPG, and HMMM), construction materials (diuron), and wastewater-derived contaminants (diclofenac) based on measurements in the combined sewer system. Subsequently, the performance of four BGI types (bioretention cells, green roofs, porous pavements, and urban wetlands) to reduce the discharge of trace organic contaminants via SWOs and CSOs was quantified with a hydrodynamic SWMM model. Moreover, the catchment-wide impact of SWOs and CSOs on surface water was assessed using risk quotients. We found that the annually discharged load can be considerably reduced by implementing BGI. Among the studied BGI types, bioretention cells are the most effective, with a load reduction of up to 80% to surface waters, mainly due to a larger suitable implementation area and a substantial stormwater infiltration. BGI implemented in the separate sewer system are more effective in reducing stormwater contaminant loads than BGI in the combined system. The assessment of the risk quotient in the surface water showed that the concentrations during SWO and CSO discharges exceed the acute environmental threshold in the surface water for 6PPD-q, DPG, diuron, and diclofenac during several events. The implementation of BGI reduced the hours of exceeded risk quotient in the surface water by 93% for bioretention cells. These findings underscore the need for a catchment-wide assessment of future BGI implementations to quantify, manage, and mitigate the impacts of urban pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0