Water Research X最新文献

{"title":"Effects of biofilm formation on triclosan adsorption by UV-aged and pristine polystyrene microplastics in aquatic environments","authors":"Jinfen Huo ,&nbsp;Xingmin Chen ,&nbsp;Merete Grung ,&nbsp;Youfei Ma ,&nbsp;Wanying Lin ,&nbsp;Xuan Shi ,&nbsp;Yunfei Ma ,&nbsp;Yan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics in aquatic environments are readily colonised by microorganisms to form biofilms facilitating the transport of contaminants and attached microbes. We examine the impact of biofilm formation on the physicochemical properties of microplastics and its subsequent effects on the adsorption of organic pollutants. Here, the adsorption of triclosan (TCS) onto polystyrene (PS) microplastics was investigated by comparing pristine PS (O-PS), UV-aged PS (A-PS), and their biofilm-colonised counterparts (O-PS_bio and A-PS_bio). The results show that the adsorption rate of TCS by PS after aging decreased by 45 % without a significant effect on the adsorption capacity. The adsorption rate of TCS by the PS biofilm increased by 100 %, whereas the adsorption capacity decreased by 57 %. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, the diversity and richness of biofilm microorganisms were reduced in the presence of TCS, leading to a change in the dominant species of biofilm microorganisms. By accurately assessing the adsorption behaviour of organic contaminants on microplastic biofilms in the laboratory, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the interactions between microplastics and organic contaminants in real aqueous environments and provides insights into the effects of TCS, as well as the integrated risk of organic contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High fecal indicator bacteria in temperate headwater streams at baseflow: implications for management and public health","authors":"Daniel T. Myers ,&nbsp;Laura Zgleszewski ,&nbsp;Raven Bier ,&nbsp;Jacob R. Price ,&nbsp;Shane Morgan ,&nbsp;John K. Jackson ,&nbsp;Diana Oviedo-Vargas ,&nbsp;Melinda Daniels ,&nbsp;David B. Arscott ,&nbsp;Jinjun Kan","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in rivers and streams serve as key markers of public health risks, but factors influencing spatiotemporal FIB variation in headwater streams at baseflow have received insufficient attention. We analyzed a 12-year dataset of FIB concentrations collected from 118 watersheds in the Delaware River Basin of the eastern United States across seasons to establish baseline conditions and investigate how landscape (watershed size and land cover) and in-stream (e.g., temperature and particulates) environmental variables relate to spatiotemporal FIB variations. We found that most probable number (MPN)-derived FIB levels in baseflow at 86 % to 96 % of sites (for <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Enterococcus</em>, respectively) were above human health regulatory limits for primary contact during the recreational season. Variables affecting FIB dynamics included watershed size, seasonal variations in stream temperature, total particulate carbon and nitrogen in the water, and land cover types – specifically, the relative extent of forested, developed, and agricultural areas. Based on watershed size, smaller headwaters contained higher recreational period FIB concentrations than larger rivers. Headwater FIB concentrations were related to land cover, with lower concentrations observed in forested watersheds, and higher concentrations in developed and agricultural watersheds. Microbial source tracking suggested that FIB originated from human and bovine sources in headwaters with developed or agricultural land cover. FIB levels tended to be lower in non-recreational seasons (winter, spring, and fall) in small headwater streams. In addition to human, cow and other animals, we speculate that FIB survival and turnover in local environments might also cause FIB occurrence. These findings help guide choices of indicators to address fecal contamination of rivers and streams and prioritize restorative actions at the landscape scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context-aware data driven sensor data analysis: With application to H2S concentration prediction in urban drainage networks","authors":"Hector Duque ,&nbsp;Kegong Diao ,&nbsp;Raffaella Villa ,&nbsp;Joao Paulo Leitao ,&nbsp;Slobodan Djordjević ,&nbsp;Mohamad Abdel-Aal","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a context-aware data-driven approach for the analysis of big data from sensors. Different from conventional methods, this approach incorporates exogenous variables or contextual information that influences the dynamic behaviour of the monitored system. In the context of water distribution systems, for example, key system variables including water demand variations and pressure are significantly affected by factors like time of day, the day of the week, unusual events, seasonal variations and weather conditions. This contextual information creates dynamic relationships between water demand and pressure, which are critical for understanding system behaviour. Specifically, the context-aware method will use present and past observed values from sensors (which are normally time-series data recording the system’s dynamic behaviour), in addition to also including contextual information regarding the spatial context (e.g., the correlation between the values of different sensors) and temporal context (e.g., correlation between observed values and days of the week and time of the day). The method is applied to the prediction of Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S) concentration in a real-world urban drainage network, based on the analysis of big real-time data sets from different sensors. Although the datasets are variables with non-uniform time intervals, uncertainties, and faulty data, the context-aware method identifies the correlations among different datasets to predict the concentration of H₂S with high accuracy (R² &gt; 0.92; RMSE = 0.029). The method is also proven robust for a Deep Neural Networks approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum regarding incomplete Conflict of Interest statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How useful are data-driven methods for building-level greywater treatment from a process engineering perspective?","authors":"Siyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Mariane Y. Schneider ,&nbsp;Eveline I.P. Volcke ,&nbsp;Di Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data-driven methods are increasingly explored in various fields, demonstrating their potential. Compared with reviewing case-specific applications, this article critically assesses the usefulness of data-driven methods application from a process engineering perspective. Specifically, we focus on building-level greywater treatment, a highly decentralized treatment option. The application of data-driven methods in this field presents both operational constraints (e.g., lack of professional staff for maintenance) and technical challenges (e.g., highly variable influent loadings). Therefore, we review data-driven methods applied to greywater treatment processes suitable for building-level applications to explore their effectiveness. This review includes both regression and classification-based methods applied in lab- and pilot-scale studies across the following treatment processes: (i) filtration, (ii) electrocoagulation, (iii) nature-based solutions, (iv) membrane bioreactors, and (v) adsorption. We further evaluate the practical usefulness of these data-driven methods from a process engineering aspect based on their ability to meet study objectives, their motivations, and the added value they provide to process engineers. For instance, these methods aid in identifying key operational factors for treatment optimization and improving water safety by developing early-warning systems based on data-driven monitoring methods, reducing the need for chemical additives and labor-intensive laboratory analyses. However, practical applications could be hindered by ill-defined model boundaries, insufficient sampling resolution, and poor input selection. Additionally, compared with applying data-driven methods in centralized wastewater treatment plants, emphasizing model transferability (including both intra- and inter-building transferability) is necessary to enhance the scalability and practical applicability of data-driven models at the building level. This review, grounded in process engineering-based evaluation, bridges the gap between research advancements and practical needs in building-level greywater treatment, contributing to the broader application of data-driven methods in water management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Non-Sewered sanitation system for onsite water recycling in a South African informal settlement","authors":"Hsiang-Yang Shyu ,&nbsp;Robert A. Bair ,&nbsp;Cynthia J. Castro ,&nbsp;Lindelani P. Xaba ,&nbsp;Theodorah T. Ncube ,&nbsp;Ruth Cottingham ,&nbsp;Ellen Mutsakatira ,&nbsp;Daniel H. Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-sewered sanitation systems (NSSS) are treatment solutions for complex, high-density urban environments in developing countries. Through advanced treatment, NSSS can provide onsite water recycling to enable water-based sanitation in regions with limited water supply. This study presents the outcomes of a three-month field trial of the NEWgenerator (NG) in a South African informal settlement. During the field trial, the NG treated high-strength blackwater from a community facility and recycled the product water for toilet flushing. Throughout the trial, the NG consistently met local recycled water standards for pH, COD, TSS, turbidity, residual chlorine, and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Additionally, total nitrogen levels were reduced by 97 %, surpassing the recently developed ISO 30500 standard. Through water recycling, the NG offset municipal water demand for toilet flushing. However, a high leakage rate resulted in elevated toilet flush water demand. Approximately 78 % of the flush water demand was wasted due to leaks, which also reduced the NG's ability to offset the total flush water demand. If demand reduction measures were conducted, such as leak repairs and the installation of water-efficient toilets, the NG could meet the entire flush water demand, thus achieving a closed-loop water system. No significant ion accumulation was observed during this water recycling trial. However, a simulation of ion accumulation indicates that in a closed-loop system, periodic water replacement is necessary to maintain the nutrient removal efficiency of the NG. Overall, the NG successfully treated high-strength blackwater in an informal settlement for recycling and contributed to reducing potable water usage for sanitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low temperature impact and HAP-enhanced one-stage partial nitritation/anammox process: Long-term stability, high-rate nitrogen removal, and operational strategies at 15°C","authors":"Yujie Chen ,&nbsp;Gaoxuefeng Feng ,&nbsp;Moeko Tamaishi ,&nbsp;Yu-You Li","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The one-stage partial nitritation and anammox (PNA) process have the serious problem of suboptimal performance at low temperatures due to the extremely low anammox activity and nitrite accumulation. To tackle the challenges of nitrite accumulation and performance deterioration at low temperatures, a long-term experiment of one-stage hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based PNA reactor was conducted. The study aimed to identify the major challenges and critical factors for maintaining high capacity under low-temperature of 15 °C by investigating nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and its impact on bacterial activity and communities, thermodynamics, and granular sludge characteristics. After the operation at 15 °C for over 300 d, a high nitrogen removal rate of 0.97 kg/m³/d was first achieved. The anammox community demonstrated reduced sensitivity to temperature decreases, whereas ammonia-oxidizing bacteria did not. Considering the direct and indirect impacts of low temperatures on bacterial communities and granular sludge, which led to a decreasing AnAOB proportion, effective sludge management—encompassing sludge content control and selective discharge of non-HAP granular sludge—was particularly critical at lower temperatures. This approach helped prevent excess biomass accumulation, maintain balanced PNA reactions, and ensure optimal operational performance. Notably, the ability of HAP-PNA granular sludge to maintain good settleability at low temperatures further supported the effectiveness of sludge management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil-derived dissolved organic matter in Inland wetlands along A temperate river: Insights from spectroscopic characteristics coupled with machine learning methods","authors":"Wenliang Ju ,&nbsp;Dengke Ma ,&nbsp;Meilian Chen ,&nbsp;Jordi Sardans ,&nbsp;Biao Zhu ,&nbsp;Ji Liu ,&nbsp;Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Josep Peñuelas ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a critical component of wetland carbon cycling, yet the sources and characteristics of soil-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) that influence DOC dynamics in inland river wetlands remain poorly understood. This study investigated the spatial variations in DOM sources and composition, and their influence on DOC dynamics in 12 river wetlands across China's second-largest inland river basin, the Heihe River Basin. Using UV–Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), we found that wetland soil DOM predominantly consisted of protein-like components and had low aromaticity and hydrophobicity. Protein-like fluorescence was more pronounced in downstream wetlands than in midstream and upstream wetlands, and it was higher in subsoil compared to topsoil. Spectroscopic indices indicated low aromaticity and humification but high bioavailability, particularly in downstream wetlands. Machine learning analysis revealed that DOM spectral characteristics had a stronger direct influence on DOC dynamics than geographical and soil properties of the sites. The biological and humification indices of DOM were significantly negatively and positively correlated with DOC concentration, respectively. In addition, DOM characteristics were significantly correlated with elevation, climate, and soil properties. Our findings highlight the critical role of environmentally driven DOM characteristics in controlling DOC fate, providing valuable insights for predicting soil carbon biogeochemistry and informing carbon management strategies in inland wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Research X is expanding its article types","authors":"Zhiguo Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous electrochemical leaching, enrichment, and recovery of phosphorus as value-added vivianite from poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) sludge","authors":"Hongjie Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Lu ,&nbsp;Hameer Chand ,&nbsp;Changyong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical recovery of phosphorus (P) from waste sludge presents a sustainable solution to mitigate the depletion of P rock reserves. However, its feasibility and cost have been persistent challenges. This study introduces an innovative strategy for simultaneous electrochemical leaching, enrichment, and recovery of P (ELER) from poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) sludge with minimal chemical and energy input. A high P leaching efficiency of 90.5% was achieved within the cathode chamber through the rapid elevation of pH induced by water electrolysis at an optimal current density of 30 A m⁻² during a single 5-hour cycle. The ELER system recovered approximately 68.8% P from the simulated PAC sludge at a specific energy consumption (SEC) of 214.4 kWh kg⁻¹ P. Notably, the selection and composition of the electrolytes played a crucial role in system performances, with Na₂SO₄ outperforming NaCl in both efficiency and stability. Increasing catholyte concentration or reducing anolyte concentration significantly reduced P leaching and enrichment efficiency. Furthermore, when optimized for continuous operation over five successive cycles, the system can achieve an ultimate P enrichment efficiency of 96.5% for real PAC sludge, while maintaining a relative low SEC of 54.1 kWh kg⁻¹ P. The enriched P was crystallized as high-purity vivianite, a value-added product that can be utilized as a slow-release P fertilizer or a precursor for lithium-ion battery electrodes. The estimated cost of $4.3 kg⁻¹ P makes this approach economically viable compared to other existing technologies. This innovative approach holds promise for efficient and sustainable P recovery from PAC sludge or other P-rich waste solid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}