Antropologicheskij Forum最新文献_第8页

A “Stressful Business”: Alcohol Trading in Chukotka Villages “紧张的生意”:楚科奇村庄的酒类贸易

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-191-224

Anastasiia A. Iarzutkina

{"title":"A “Stressful Business”: Alcohol Trading in Chukotka Villages","authors":"Anastasiia A. Iarzutkina","doi":"10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-191-224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-191-224","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the organization of alcohol trade in remote and hard-to-reach Chukchi villages, and the social relations that arise around the sale of alcohol. The analysis is based on field research conducted by the author from 2003 to 2021 in ten settlements of the Chukotka Autonomous District. The differences between the trade process, the premises where the transaction takes place, and the temporal modes of the operation of village stores and illegal “outlets” for the sale of liquor are examined. The author analyzes how rural community practices of adopting alcohol sale time limits in the countryside have affected the daily rhythms of people who drink alcohol. The establishment of a temporal framework is conceptualized as a strategy for the community to gain power over alcohol consumers through body discipline. It is concluded that one of the important reasons for the existence of the illegal alcohol business in the village is the round-the-clock operation of the “point”. It allows the buyer to not postpone their need for alcohol, but to satisfy it at any time. Illegal sellers violate not only the temporal framework for selling liquor adopted at the village meeting, they also violate the social restrictions that the community imposed on the right to buy alcohol. At the same time, the local government and the villagers who do not consume alcohol need the resources and social connections of the illegal vendor. This contradictory situation puts them in the position of a marginalized person.","PeriodicalId":52194,"journal":{"name":"Antropologicheskij Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Milena Benovska, Orthodox Revivalism in Russia: Driving Forces and Moral Quests. London: Routledge, 2020, 240 pp. 米列娜·贝诺夫斯卡:《俄罗斯的东正教复兴运动:动力与道德追求》述评伦敦:劳特利奇出版社，2020,240页。

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-236-248

S. Drozdov

引用次数: 0

A Review of Alan D. Roe, Into Russian Nature. Tourism, Environmental Protection, and National Parks in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020, 344 pp. 书评:艾伦·d·罗:《俄国自然》。20世纪的旅游业、环境保护和国家公园。牛津:牛津大学出版社，2020,344页。

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-249-258

A. Fedotova

引用次数: 0

Naming People with Disabilities in Contemporary Russian 用当代俄语为残疾人命名

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-159-190

E. Rudneva

{"title":"Naming People with Disabilities in Contemporary Russian","authors":"E. Rudneva","doi":"10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-159-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-159-190","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to analyse naming people with disabilities in contemporary Russian, depending on context and pragmatics, as well as highlight current ideologies and speakers’ attitudes. The data comprises media and social networks publications, interviews with people with disabilities and their relatives, examples from spontaneous oral speech, and a web corpus. The article analyses linguistic models of forming nominations and changes in discourse, investigates various understandings and uses of the word ‘disabled’ (which remains the most frequent, being inevitable in many contexts), opinions and attitudes of different groups, as well as current ideologies that they take into account, including competing ones (people-first vs identity-first). Principles for choosing labels differ in various discourses. Within smaller social groups, where names play a role of group identity markers, jargon items are often preferred. Public discourse favours the ideology of political correctness and the people-first principle, with the corresponding model and compound nominations consisting of several words. The activist discourse is also characterized by orienting towards the social model of disability and new ideologies (neurodiversity, fighting against ableism, frequently the identity-first principle) and stating clear-cut restrictions. Attitudes of people with different disabilities towards naming vary: some are rather opinionated, while others are indifferent. Modern euphemistic nominations can be perceived negatively because they make disability invisible. In some cases, a label acts as an identity marker or expresses a certain ideology, while in others it is chosen less consciously, but nevertheless can be interpreted using existing ideologies by recipients.","PeriodicalId":52194,"journal":{"name":"Antropologicheskij Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Exchange Practices and Social Networks as Means of Coping with Shortages in Local Communities of Taimyr and Kamchatka 交换实践与社会网络:应对泰米尔与堪察加地区社区资源短缺的手段

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-99-131

V. Vasilyeva, Kseniia Gavrilova

{"title":"Exchange Practices and Social Networks as Means of Coping with Shortages in Local Communities of Taimyr and Kamchatka","authors":"V. Vasilyeva, Kseniia Gavrilova","doi":"10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-99-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-99-131","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates the social mechanisms underlying the compensation of goods, service, and infrastructure deficits in two northern villages, Syndassko in Eastern Taimyr, and Tilichiki in Northern Kamchatka. The phenomenon being analyzed represents routine, non-institutionalized, and often unconscious mechanisms that provide community members with products or services that are absent on the spot. The authors come to the conclusion that—regardless of the nature of the deficits (whether they are “traditional”—meat, fish, childcare or “market”—fresh fruits, snowmobile spare parts, taking out a loan for someone)—the practices for their compensation are similar and the elimination of shortages occurs within diverse social and geographic networks. Exchange networks connect households within the village, extend from the rural area to the city and back and, through a chain of multiple exchanges, mutually compensate the deficits typical for a particular locality. Social prescription for redistribution that is specific for northern villages guarantees provision of the extended family with resources. The described social situation represents а stable (but flexible) configuration of social relations that provides local residents with a convenient and satisfactory way of life and allows them to interpret the situation of the systematic absence of certain goods or services as unproblematic.","PeriodicalId":52194,"journal":{"name":"Antropologicheskij Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Supply and Exchange in Context of Remoteness 引言:偏远环境下的供给与交换

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-95-98

V. Davydov

引用次数: 0

A Review of Vered Amit, Noel B. Salazar (eds.), Pacing Mobilities: Timing, Intensity, Tempo and Duration of Human Movements. New York: Berghahn Books, 2020, 200 pp. 回顾弗里德·阿米特，诺埃尔·b·萨拉查(编)，步伐移动:时间，强度，节奏和持续时间的人类运动。纽约:Berghahn Books, 2020, 200页。

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-221-234

Yakov Lurie

引用次数: 0

Urbanization in People's Minds: Stalin’s “Right to the City”, Soviet Subjectivity, and Citizenship Practices in Khanty-Mansiysk 人民心目中的城市化:斯大林的“城市权”、苏联的主体性与汉特-曼西斯克的公民实践

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-85-132

I. Stas

{"title":"Urbanization in People's Minds: Stalin’s “Right to the City”, Soviet Subjectivity, and Citizenship Practices in Khanty-Mansiysk","authors":"I. Stas","doi":"10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-85-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-85-132","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates the concept of Stalin’s “right to the city”, in which urbanization in the USSR is interpreted through the lens of Soviet subjectivity and implemented in specific practices of citizenship. In the socialist context, Stalin’s “right to the city” was discursively reproduced as a state-given ‘gift of modernity’ and was reflected in specific citywide events that represented the new Soviet citizens and consolidated the reciprocal connection between power and society through the idea of the city. The city as a gift concluded a civil agreement between the authorities and ordinary people through citywide practices—rallies, celebrations, ceremonies, and competitions, and became a place of activity and emotion for the Soviet citizen. The activists who spoke this discursive language—and participated in the citizenship practices framed by it—thereby acted within the framework of urban subjectivity. In other words, they understood themselves as citizens and accepted the corresponding obligations. The study is based on the case of Khanty-Mansiysk of the 1930s to early 1950s, the district center of the Khanty-Mansi National Okrug. These practices of interaction between citizens and the state make it possible—moving beyond the binary opposition of ideology and reality—to conceptualize Stalin’s “right to the city” as an implicit urbanization in the minds of urban subjects who sought to become full-fledged citizens of the Soviet state. Stalin’s “right to the city” became their civil obligation.","PeriodicalId":52194,"journal":{"name":"Antropologicheskij Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of the Collective Memory of Russian Koreans: Trauma of Deportation 俄罗斯朝鲜族集体记忆的特征:驱逐的创伤

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-133-158

I. Fan

{"title":"Features of the Collective Memory of Russian Koreans: Trauma of Deportation","authors":"I. Fan","doi":"10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-133-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-52-133-158","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the collective memory of Russian Koreans about the deportation of 1937. The author’s goal is a meaningful analysis of the semantic and sociopsychological aspects of the memory of deportation among different generations of Koreans, the nature of their experience of historical events, the degree of reflection, as well as the influence of memory on their social well-being and definition of identity. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of cultural trauma of Alexander, the conception of collective memory of Eyerman, the historical memory of Assman, and the structure of ethnic identity of Shnirelman. The method of empirical research is an in-depth biographical interview. Results: features of the collective memory of Russian Koreans were revealed; semantic aspects of the memory of deportation among different generations of Koreans are highlighted: the trauma of a lack of freedom; loss of identity; the decapitalization of the ancestral experience; a tendency towards conformism and loyalty to the current government; avoidance of critical assessments of deportation and its consequences. The necessity of a comprehensive study of social and cultural trauma by the Korean community is substantiated. The article is based on field materials — interviews with representatives of three generations of Russian Koreans, conducted by the author in 2020 in Yekaterinburg.","PeriodicalId":52194,"journal":{"name":"Antropologicheskij Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Second Life of Products: The Temporality of Food and Supply Paradoxes in Chukotka 产品的第二次生命:楚科奇食物的暂时性和供应悖论

Antropologicheskij Forum Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-132-159

Elena Davydova, V. Davydov

{"title":"The Second Life of Products: The Temporality of Food and Supply Paradoxes in Chukotka","authors":"Elena Davydova, V. Davydov","doi":"10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-132-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2022-18-54-132-159","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the social life of expired products in Chukotka. The authors examine the relationship between people and food, not only supplied from outside and sold in rural stores, but also produced within the community in the course of the interaction of local people with the landscape. The research presents the results of fieldwork conducted in 2017–2019 in the Iultinskiy rayon of the Chukotka autonomous okrug. The paper analyses the temporality of food as well as the supply paradoxes that local people face on а daily basis. Trying to answer the question about the reasons for the appearance of expired food products in the villages of Chukotka, the authors focus on the processes of the transformation of materiality of food and the mobility of food products. The article discusses strategies for maintaining food autonomy by local people in order to minimize dependence on supplies from public and private trading companies in a context of limited and low-quality supply. The authors conclude that expired food is the result of infrastructural inequality and, accordingly, unequal opportunities for organizing high-quality supply. Overdue food products act simultaneously as a temporal and spatial phenomenon. They appear as a result of a combination of both multiple displacements and states of immobility.","PeriodicalId":52194,"journal":{"name":"Antropologicheskij Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69655498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0