Diaa Atta , Tarek A. Abdel-Halim , Doaa A. Mostafa , Fatma M. Zaher
{"title":"Case study of fluorite mineralization using traditional and laser spectroscopic techniques, homret akarem area south eastern desert, Egypt","authors":"Diaa Atta , Tarek A. Abdel-Halim , Doaa A. Mostafa , Fatma M. Zaher","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green fluorite samples from Homret Akarem, eastern desert Egypt, were investigated by laser-based Raman spectroscopy to study the effect of rare earth elements (REEs) and natural radiation from the surrounding environment on their physico-chemical properties, taking into consideration the geological setting. Geochemical data of trace elements display fluorite enrichment with Y, Pb, Sr, Sn, and other REEs. XRD showed lattice parameters with values higher than those for synthetic fluorite due to the substitution of Ca by Sr and less likely by radiation from U. A considerable shift in the binding energy (BE) for Ca and F obtained from the XPS spectrum indicates that U carried by the hydrothermal solutions formed a discontinuous thin film on the surface of fluorite. Laser-Raman spectroscopy showed strong peaks below 500 cm<sup>−1</sup> and both shallow and weak peaks above 500 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The strong peaks indicate that the substitution of Ca by Sr, point defects, and natural radiation caused by U have a stronger effect on the crystal structure than REEs. Raman spectroscopy supported the initial reports of uranium minerals like Rutherfordine, Kasolite, Soddyite, and Uranophane-alpha.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000184/pdfft?md5=fa91e5a0fcf39e9fd8e14b1fe2efd02c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000184-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical and radiation attenuation properties of rare-earth ion doped Li2O–ZnO–B2O3 glasses","authors":"Canel Eke","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The role of the addition of rare-earth ions which are Pr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> to Li<sub>2</sub>O–ZnO–B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glasses on the optical and radiation attenuation characteristics was theoretically investigated. According to the addition of the rare-earth ions, the glasses were named as LZB, LZBPr, LZBNd, LZBSm and LZBEu. The LZB glass has the greatest molar refractivity and the molar polarizability whereas LZBPr glass has the lowest molar refractivity and the molar polarizability. The reflection loss is the highest for the LZB and the optical transmission is the highest for LZBEu. Especially, at higher gamma-ray energy (5–15 MeV), the linear attenuation coefficients are the greatest for LZBPr and they are the lowest for LZB. The LZBPr has the lowest half value layer, tenth value layer and mean free path at 10 MeV gamma-ray energy. At higher gamma-ray energies, LZBPr has the better radiation protection efficiency. Consequently, the LZBPr glass has the superior radiation attenuation ability and the addition of rare-earth ions to LZB glass enhances radiation shielding ability of the studied glasses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000196/pdfft?md5=82b448f741736269cd9623ebffbb6b19&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Hostaša , Venkatesan Jambunathan , Dariia Chernomorets , Andreana Piancastelli , Chiara Zanelli , Great Chayran , Francesco Picelli , Martin Smrž , Valentina Biasini , Tomáš Mocek , Laura Esposito
{"title":"Effect of Ga3+/Sc3+ on Yb3+ emission in mixed YAG at cryogenic temperatures","authors":"Jan Hostaša , Venkatesan Jambunathan , Dariia Chernomorets , Andreana Piancastelli , Chiara Zanelli , Great Chayran , Francesco Picelli , Martin Smrž , Valentina Biasini , Tomáš Mocek , Laura Esposito","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We studied the effect of Ga<sup>3+</sup>and Sc<sup>3+</sup> on Yb:YAG emission at cryogenic temperatures on three different mixed garnets namely Yb:YGAG, Yb:YSAG and Yb:YSGAG. The compositional tuning of these mixed garnets was achieved by preparing ceramic pellets by solid state reaction with different concentration of Ga<sup>3+</sup>, or Sc<sup>3+</sup>, or both. The incorporation of Sc<sup>3+</sup> in Yb:YAG leads only to a limited spectral broadening. On the other hand, the incorporation of either Ga<sup>3+</sup> or both Ga<sup>3+</sup> and Sc<sup>3+</sup> results in a significant spectral broadening. In the latter case, this inhomogeneous broadening is attributed to the mixed occupancy of both Ga<sup>3+</sup> and Sc<sup>3+</sup> in octahedral and tetragonal sites in the crystal lattice leading to a significant distortion in the structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000172/pdfft?md5=b310d7211ce70eb0766ec0c7f9a90f89&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000172-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140135042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart city compatible thin film solar cell based on extraordinary transmission and metallic patch nanoantenna","authors":"Abhishek Pahuja , Sachin Agrawal , Sandeep Kumar , Manoj Singh Parihar , Dinesh Kumar V","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An effective performance enhancement model for the thin film solar cell conjointly based on extraordinary transmission and nanoantenna is proposed and investigated. The absorber layer of the extraordinary transmission based solar cell contains a metallic thin film with periodic holes. Maximum extraordinary transmission is accomplished as the metallic film has the same refractive index on both sides. Increased light transmission causes the absorber layer to absorb more light, which increases short circuit current density and subsequently the efficiency of the thin film solar cell. The presented analysis demonstrates that adding a square nano patch on the top surface of the absorber layer can further boost the extraordinary transmission. The extraordinary transmission is increased because of the formation of cavity nanoantenna. Cavity nanoantenna increases the coupling of light into the hole due to the excitation of surface plasmons polaritons. The proposed design of solar cell exhibits around 98% absorption and the short circuit current density is increased by a factor of 3.23. The study has been carried out using finite difference time domain (FDTD) method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000160/pdfft?md5=167b5ad6220c5086c3ab23cf31aa7075&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000160-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T.M. Demkiv , YaM. Chornodolskyy , T.M. Muzyka , S.Z. Malynych , R. Ya Serkiz , A.S. Pushak , A. Kotlov , R.V. Gamernyk
{"title":"Effect of Yb doping on the optical and photoelectric properties of CsPbCl3 single crystals","authors":"T.M. Demkiv , YaM. Chornodolskyy , T.M. Muzyka , S.Z. Malynych , R. Ya Serkiz , A.S. Pushak , A. Kotlov , R.V. Gamernyk","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, the effect of Yb dopant on the optical and photoelectric properties of CsPbCl<sub>3</sub>:Yb single crystals is studied. The position of the main energy level of Yb<sup>3+</sup> ions relative to the energy band was determined. Two channels of electron photoionization into the conduction band were identified, which are photo-stimulated transition of valence electrons and transition of electrons from the ground level of the Yb<sup>3+</sup> dopant ion. The crucial role of Yb<sup>2+</sup> ions in the manifestation of the quantum cutting effect was shown. A non-uniform distribution of ytterbium dopant in the CsPbCl<sub>3</sub>:Yb single crystal volume was revealed. It was established that the absolute quantum yield of ytterbium luminescence in CsPbCl<sub>3</sub>:Yb single crystals in the near-infrared region at Yb concentration of 2 mol.% reaches 86%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000159/pdfft?md5=c753e5fc4fd8c3ac7745c5a283848f32&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000159-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diaa Atta , Ahmed Refaat , Adel Ashery , Medhat Ibrahim
{"title":"Graphene oxide: Synthesis and laser spectroscopy approach","authors":"Diaa Atta , Ahmed Refaat , Adel Ashery , Medhat Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanotechnology research offers advancements in materials and industrial uses such as nano-electronics, medical sciences, fuel, biology, and technological innovation. The most often employed nanomaterial is Graphene oxide (GO), which has been regarded as a dominant progenitor for many specialized industries. The current work aims to establish a new, cost-effective, easy, and straightforward GO synthesis method. Laser spectroscopy and even traditional tools have been utilized for characterization. The prepared GO has been confirmed by XRD and FT-IR spectroscopy. Laser spectroscopy based on confocal microscopes like Raman micro-spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has been used to ensure the synthesis of GO. Also, it could help in the detection of the prepared layer thickness. Raman spectroscopy detects the number of GO layers, which is one on average, while the Raman mapping shows a good distribution of GO on the substrate. Based on excitation with a 445 nm pulsed laser, FLIM shows that mono GO layers cover most of the surface while only a tiny area contains more than a single layer. The novel aspect of this work is the method of preparation and the way of utilizing both FLIM and Raman to detect the number of GO layers. The prepared GO could be used in many applications like solar cells and filtration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000147/pdfft?md5=63f2c3b52097b74e36cab6a0374c6faf&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000147-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving electrochromic properties of V2O5 smart film through Ti incorporation: Local atomic and electronic perspectives","authors":"I-Han Wu , Arvind Chandrasekar , Kumaravelu Thanigai Arul , Yu-Cheng Huang , Ta Thi Thuy Nga , Chi-Liang Chen , Jeng-Lung Chen , Da-Hua Wei , Kandasami Asokan , Ping-Hung Yeh , Chao-Hung Du , Wu-Ching Chou , Chung-Li Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) and titanium-modified V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> thin films were synthesized using the sol-gel spin coating route. The effect of Ti-doping concentration on the electrochromic optical properties and atomic/electronic structures of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> smart thin films is examined. As the doping concentration of Ti increases, the surface roughness of the films is reduced. The structure of the films is analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, while the electrochromic modulation of atomic and electronic structures is elucidated through Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) conducted during lithiation and delithiation. The XRD patterns demonstrate that an increase in Ti concentration leads to a more amorphous structure of the films and a shift of the main diffraction peak to a lower angle, attributable to the enlarged spacing between the stacking layers resulting from the incorporation of Ti ions. Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and in situ hard XAS of the V L-edge, the O K-edge, and the V K-edge revealed a reduction in the charge state of V and local atomic structural symmetry modification upon lithated coloration and delithiated bleaching process. The critical insights provided by in situ XAS provides reveal that a small amount of Ti has the ability to modify the interlayer distance and local atomic structure of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, thereby improving its electrochromic switching rate and stability when utilized in smart windows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000135/pdfft?md5=5abefa0dd711be0cab990f3688304dd3&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000135-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139935871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana Vistorskaja , Arturas Katelnikovas , Carlos Martin Signes , Vytautas Klimavicius , Anna Lukowiak , Wieslaw Strenk , Aivaras Kareiva
{"title":"Novel lanthanide-doped Y3-xNaxAl5-yVyO12 garnets: Synthesis, structural and optical properties","authors":"Diana Vistorskaja , Arturas Katelnikovas , Carlos Martin Signes , Vytautas Klimavicius , Anna Lukowiak , Wieslaw Strenk , Aivaras Kareiva","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study the novel garnet-type Y<sub>2.47</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>Ln<sub>0.03</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>, Y<sub>2.97</sub>Ln<sub>0.03</sub>Al<sub>4.95</sub>V<sub>0.05</sub>O<sub>12</sub>, Y<sub>2.92</sub>Na<sub>0.05</sub>Ln<sub>0.03</sub>Al<sub>4.9833</sub>V<sub>0.0167</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (Ln = Ce<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup>, Eu<sup>3+</sup>) phosphors were successfully synthesized by the sol-gel method for the first time. The structural, morphological and optical properties were characterized by using multiple characterization techniques. The XRD and FTIR results confirmed that all obtained phosphors are monophasic yttrium aluminium garnet compounds, i.e. the doping of Ce<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup>, Eu<sup>3+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, V<sup>5+</sup> ions does not induce any impurity phases, indicating the successful incorporation of these dopants into the YAG host. The formation of novel garnets was probed using <sup>27</sup>Al, <sup>51</sup>V, <sup>23</sup>Na MAS NMR techniques. SEM micrographs revealed that almost in all cases, the surface of the obtained luminophores is porous and consists of homogeneously distributed irregular sphere-like shape particles, which tend to form larger agglomerates. The optical properties of obtained compounds were also investigated by recording their excitation and emission spectra and calculating the colour coordinates in the CIE 1931 colour space.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000123/pdfft?md5=2bd9d8e9fa01dbe5a981fd3d914922b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139935872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Eu(III) activated tungstates in solid state lighting","authors":"Tim Pier, Thomas Jüstel","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tungstates play a major role in the, now for more than 60 years, ongoing scientific research of Eu(III) activated phosphors. Similarly, to other compounds featuring a closed shell transition metal anion like molybdates, vanadates, niobdates, tantalates, and tungstates are a family of materials that offer a wide range of potential host matrices for rare earth ions. Furthermore, tungstates provide several favourable characteristics like facile synthetic conditions via solid state synthesis, the possibility of high activator concentrations (low concentrations quenching), as well as intrinsic sensitization of lanthanides ions through a ligand-to-metal charge transfer (W<sup>6+</sup>/O<sup>2−</sup>). This review sets in by discussing the fundamentals of Eu(III) luminescence followed by a closer look at some general features of tungstates and their respective intrinsic luminescence. Various Eu(III) activated tungstates are explored in detail regarding their synthesis conditions and optical properties. Their compositional makeups and structures are correlated to the resulting optical properties. Potential strategies to improve the luminescent efficiency of new rare earth doped tungstates are derived from these correlations. In the closing section some general remarks regarding thermal quenching, concentration quenching, and charge transfer energies are discussed. Finally, comparisons to the related molybdates are drawn and the prospects of commercial application towards different fields of optical technologies are explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000111/pdfft?md5=d8dc8a9e4826109dea3e9d4e4df5752b&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139814143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scintillators for medical imaging","authors":"Cees Ronda","doi":"10.1016/j.omx.2024.100293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omx.2024.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we will address the several factors underlying the performance of scintillators in terms of light yield and energy resolution in the high-end medical imaging applications CT (Computed Tomography) and PET (Positron Emission Tomography. The state-of-the-art scintillators that are being applied in these modalities are discussed as well. We also address important scintillator properties like light yield, decay time and afterglow, energy resolution and the corresponding material- and activator choices. Finally, an outlook on these materials and technologies is presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52192,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials: X","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590147824000056/pdfft?md5=552bf28597c7c0bf1a9e595ad9a56bad&pid=1-s2.0-S2590147824000056-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139719461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}