The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale最新文献

{"title":"Pulmonary Histoplasmosis in a Referral Hospital in Mexico City.","authors":"Alejandro Hernández Solís,&nbsp;Javier Araiza Santibáñez,&nbsp;Jazmín Guadalupe Tejeda Olán,&nbsp;Andrea Quintana Martínez,&nbsp;Alejandro Hernández de la Torriente,&nbsp;Rocio de la Torriente Mata","doi":"10.1155/2022/2121714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2121714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary histoplasmosis is caused by inhaling <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>. Less than 1% develops the disease. Risk factors in immunocompetent individuals are environmental exposures in endemic areas. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency, clinical, and microbiological characteristics in immunocompetent patients. A retrospective case series study of patients diagnosed with pulmonary histoplasmosis was performed in a respiratory care unit in Mexico City from 2000 to 2020. Each patient had bronchial lavage, and three patients underwent thoracoscopy for the lung tissue sample taken for the culture in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Twelve patients were identified, 8 males and 4 females; the predominant symptoms were fever (83%), dyspnea (75%), chest pain (66%), hemoptysis (41%), and weight loss (33%). The computed tomography of the chest showed the following findings: patchy consolidation 12 (100%), hilar adenopathy 6 (50%), pleural effusion 6 (50%), caverns 3 (25%), and solitary pulmonary nodule in one patient (8%). <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> was found in the culture of all twelve patients. The signs and symptoms of the disease are mediated by the immune status of the host. The clinical picture is often confused with systemic diseases. It is important to have a high degree of clinical suspicion to make a timely diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"2121714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9249480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40580200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Strains.","authors":"Bahareh Arabzadeh,&nbsp;Zeynab Ahmadi,&nbsp;Reza Ranjbar","doi":"10.1155/2022/2156726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2156726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of this study were the molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance and genotyping of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains isolated from clinical cases in Tehran, Iran. A total of 100 different types of clinical human samples were collected from a major teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done according to the latest CLSI guidelines. PCR was used to amplify the <i>gyrA</i> gene in quinolone-resistant isolates and sequencing was performed for the detection of probable mutations between the isolates. The occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (<i>qnrA</i>, <i>qnrB,</i> and <i>qnrS</i>) was also investigated by PCR. Finally, genotyping of the strains was performed by PFGE in a standard condition. The susceptibility pattern revealed a high and low level of resistance against meropenem (20%) and trimethoprim (37%), respectively. PCR and sequencing detected mutation in the <i>gyrA</i> gene in 51% of quinolone-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. According to the susceptibility report, among nalidixic acid-resistant strains, 60.5%, 50%, and 42.9% of isolates contained <i>qnrA</i>, <i>qnrB,</i> and <i>qnrS</i>, respectively. Among ciprofloxacin-resistant strains, <i>qnrA</i> was the most frequent PMQR gene. The PFGE differentiated the strains into 31 different genetic clusters so that the highest number (7/66) was in category <i>A</i>. Our results indicated that the frequency of resistance to various antibiotics particularly trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and cefoxitin are increasing. The presence of <i>qnr</i> (<i>S</i> and <i>A</i>) genes and point mutation of the <i>gyrA</i> gene were likely to be responsible for the resistance toward nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin in our strains. Also, the results obtained from genotyping indicated that the <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains isolated in this study belonged to the diverse clones.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"2156726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9239796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40573545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms for the Invasion and Dissemination of <i>Salmonella</i>.","authors":"Qiao Li","doi":"10.1155/2022/2655801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2655801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella enterica</i> is a gastroenteric Gram-negative bacterium that can infect both humans and animals and causes millions of illnesses per year around the world. <i>Salmonella</i> infections usually occur after the consumption of contaminated food or water. Infections with <i>Salmonella</i> species can cause diseases ranging from enterocolitis to typhoid fever. <i>Salmonella</i> has developed multiple strategies to invade and establish a systemic infection in the host. Different cell types, including epithelial cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and M cells, are important in the infection process of <i>Salmonella</i>. Dissemination throughout the body and colonization of remote organs are hallmarks of <i>Salmonella</i> infection. There are several routes for the dissemination of <i>Salmonella</i> typhimurium. This review summarizes the current understanding of the infection mechanisms of <i>Salmonella</i>. Additionally, different routes of <i>Salmonella</i> infection will be discussed. In this review, the strategies used by <i>Salmonella</i> enterica to establish persistent infection will be discussed. Understanding both the bacterial and host factors leading to the successful colonization of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> may enable the rational design of effective therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"2655801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9203224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40041847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance in <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> Isolates from Broiler Chicken in the West Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Jude Fonbah Leinyuy,&nbsp;Innocent Mbulli Ali,&nbsp;Ousenu Karimo,&nbsp;Christopher B Tume","doi":"10.1155/2022/4180336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4180336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of multidrug-resistant food-borne pathogens of animal origin including <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> is a growing concern. Identifying and monitoring resistance in isolates from human-related environments are of clinical and epidemiological significance in containing antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to contribute towards the fight against antibiotic resistance and ameliorate the management/treatment of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>-linked diseases in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cloacal swabs from healthy broilers were enriched in buffered-peptone-water and cultured on EMB agar. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested on Mueller-Hinton-Agar by disc diffusion. Plasmid-borne genes for extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and resistance to Quinolones (PMQR) and Aminoglycosides were detected by standard endpoint polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 394 isolates were identified belonging to 12 <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> genera, the most prevalent were <i>Escherichia coli</i> (81/394 = 20.56%), <i>Salmonella</i> spp (74/394 = 18.78%), and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp (39/394 = 9.90%) respectively. Overall, 84/394 (21.32%) were ESBL producers, 164/394 (41.62%) were resistant to quinolones, 66/394 (16.75%) resistant to aminoglycosides with 44.0% (173/394) expressing MDR phenotype. Poor hygiene practice (OR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.67, 3.89, <i>p</i>=0.001) and rearing for >45 days, (OR = 7.98, 95% CI: 5.05, 12.6, <i>p</i>=0.001) were associated with increased carriage of MDR. Plasmid-borne resistance genes were detected in 76/84 (90.48%) of ESBL-producing isolates, 151/164 (92.07%) quinolone resistant isolates and 59/66 (89.39%) aminoglycoside resistant isolates with co-occurrence of two or more genes per isolate in 58/84 (69.05%) of ESBLs, 132/164 (80.49%) of quinolone resistant isolates and 28/66 (42.42%) of aminoglycoside resistant isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found high carriage and widespread distribution of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> with ESBL and MDR in broiler chicken in the West Region of Cameroon. Most PMQR genes in bacteria were found at levels higher than is seen elsewhere, representing a risk in the wider human community.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"4180336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9203226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40042844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Screening for SARS-CoV-2 to Detect Asymptomatic Infections: An Epitome of Taiwan's Outbreak.","authors":"Chih-Chien Cheng,&nbsp;Chia-Chen Liu,&nbsp;Ju-Chuan Yen,&nbsp;Ting-Fang Chiu,&nbsp;Yi-Ning Liu,&nbsp;Thomas Y Hsueh,&nbsp;Sheng-Huang Hsiao","doi":"10.1155/2022/6441339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6441339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increased studies have revealed that asymptomatic carriers substantially impact the epidemic and that asymptomatic transmission is very common. Therefore, the asymptomatic transmission threat to the spread of the pandemic should not be neglected.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The local outbreak in Taiwan, especially in Taipei City, is unprecedented and paramount and has claimed hundreds of lives, tens of thousands of cases, and enormous economic costs. As care providers and gatekeepers of infectious diseases, Taipei City Hospital has to perform regular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results of admitted patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) to achieve these goals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the results revealed a low positive rate of less than 1%, but the asymptomatic proportions could range from 42% to 46%, which bolsters that systematic screening was effective in controlling coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) of Novel Coronavirus or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and might be an exemplar to other similar scenarios. Universal screening of admitted patients may be important and necessary, especially in asymptomatic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regular screening for healthcare providers is also important during this pandemic, and it is recommended that admitted patients and healthcare providers undergo systemic PCR testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"6441339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39933673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of the HEV Seroprevalence and the Risk Factor Assessment in the West Bank, Palestine, during the Period of 2015-2017.","authors":"Kamal Dumaidi,&nbsp;Alaa M Abudamous,&nbsp;Rasmi Abu-Helu,&nbsp;Hanan Al-Jawabreh,&nbsp;Yazan Dumaidi,&nbsp;Amer Al-Jawabreh","doi":"10.1155/2022/4935811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4935811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis E virus is emerging viral hepatitis with hyperendemicity in many countries. Data on the burden of disease is not available in Palestine. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence and the risk factors of the HEV among the general population of the West Bank, Palestine. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 432 sera samples from 40 localities in the eleven districts of the West Bank and Jerusalem, Palestine, during the period of March 2015 to March 2017, were tested for HEV-IgG. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data of the participants' demographics and disease risk factors. The overall seroprevalence was 3.7%. Level of education was significantly inversely associated with HEV seropositivity (<i>P</i>=0.04). Purely spatial analysis did not detect any significant cluster related to the distribution of HEV-IgG cases; however, living in the southern West Bank is shown to be significantly associated with HEV. Age was also associated with HEV seropositivity. The young (<19 years) and adults (>40 years) had the highest prevalence, compared to those between 20 to 39 years old (<i>P</i>=0.12). Furthermore, males and those in contact with animals were associated with HEV seropositivity (<i>P</i>=0.1 and 0.3, respectively). In conclusion, the seroprevalence of HEV IgG in the West Bank, Palestine is low. Several well-investigated risk factors cannot be supported by our results due to the small number of the positive HEV-IgG samples. Finally, this study is useful for providing a first look into the seroepidemiology of HEV in Palestine.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"4935811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39933672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Based on Partial Long Control Region in Iranian Women.","authors":"Mina Mobini Kesheh,&nbsp;Mohadeseh Barazandeh,&nbsp;Amir Kaffashi,&nbsp;Mohammad Kazem Shahkarami,&nbsp;Seyed Alireza Nadji","doi":"10.1155/2022/4759871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4759871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus <b>(</b>HPV) 16 and HPV 18 account for 75% of all cervical cancers. The L1 gene, encoding the major surface protein (MSP), is used to classify HPV types (lineages and sublineages), genotypes, and intratypic variants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the lineages, sublineages, genetic variabilities, and mutation effects on transcription factor binding sites by using partial sequences of the HPV 16 and HPV 18 long control regions (LCRs) in these samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>After DNA isolation from 56 positive samples, the LCR of HPV 16 and HPV 18 were amplified using specific primers, and phylogenetic trees were drawn through MEGA X. Compared to the reference sequences, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. The transcription binding sites were also evaluated using the online PROMO database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LCRs of 52 samples were successfully sequenced. Overall, 81.58% of all HPV 16 variants belonged to the D1 sublineage, followed by A4 (13.16%), A1 (2.63%), and C1 (2.63%) sublineages. All HPV 18 isolates belonged to A sublineage, 92.85% to A3 sublineage, and 7.15% to A4 sublineage. Out of 27 SNPs in the HPV 16 LCR, A7382T, T7384G, C7387T, C7393G, A7431G, T7448C, and C7783A were HPV 16-specific. Also, among 14 SNPs in the HPV 18 LCR, C7577A and A7943T were not previously reported. An insertion (C) between 7432 and 7433 positions was identified in all studied HPV 16 variants. Besides, most of the HPV 16 mutations were embedded in the YY1, TFIID, Oct-2, and NF-1 binding sites, while c-Fos and MBF1, as the most common binding sites, were affected by HPV 18 LCR mutations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present results showed that D1 and A3 were the dominant sublineages of HPV 16 and HPV 18, respectively. Therefore, women infected with these variants need to be examined in further longitudinal studies to obtain more information about the oncogenic potential of these dominant variants in Iran. Besides, YY1, TFIID, Oct-2, NF-1, c-Fos, and MBF1 were the most frequent binding sites, which were influenced by the mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"4759871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8808245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39893912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Lung Microbiota in Children's Refractory <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> Pneumonia Coinfected with <i>Human Adenovirus B</i>.","authors":"Wenxiang Zhou,&nbsp;Jinglong Chen,&nbsp;Zhimin Xi,&nbsp;Yanyan Shi,&nbsp;Libo Wang,&nbsp;Aizhen Lu","doi":"10.1155/2022/7065890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7065890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both <i>M. pneumoniae</i> and human adenovirus (HAdV) are common causative agents of lower respiratory tract infection in children; nonetheless, the lung microbiota in patients with coinfection of HAdV and <i>M. pneumoniae</i> remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two children, diagnosed with refractory <i>M. pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (RMPP), entered into the one-year study from July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Among them, twenty-one entered into the <i>M. pneumoniae</i> monoinfection (MP) group and eleven entered into the <i>M. pneumoniae</i> and HAdV coinfection (MP&ADV) group. The characteristics of the clinical findings were examined, and the lung microbiota was analyzed by metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven patients in the MP&ADV group were coinfected with <i>human mastadenovirus species B</i>. The fever days lasted for significantly longer periods in the MP&ADV group than in the MP group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The percentage of CD16⁺CD56⁺ cells was significantly higher in the MP&ADV group than that in the MP group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There were no significant differences in <i>α</i>-diversity between the MP and MP&ADV groups, but the <i>β</i>-diversity was clearly higher in the MP&ADV group than that in the MP group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). At the microbial level, the top phylum of the MP BALF microbiota was <i>Tenericutes</i>; in contrast, it was <i>Preplasmiviricota</i> in the MP&ADV BALF. There were significant differences in the relative abundance of <i>Tenericutes</i> and <i>Preplasmiviricota</i> between the two groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between <i>human mastadenovirus B</i> and fever days, <i>M. pneumoniae</i> and level of IgA, and a strong negative correlation between <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> and PCT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In RMPP, the BALF microbiota in children with mono <i>M. pneumoniae</i> infection was simpler than those with coinfection with <i>human mastadenovirus B</i>. Prolonged fever days were associated with <i>human mastadenovirus B</i> coinfection.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"7065890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39963933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Healthcare Center for COVID-19 Patient Detection Based on Artificial Intelligence Approaches.","authors":"Seifeddine Messaoud,&nbsp;Soulef Bouaafia,&nbsp;Amna Maraoui,&nbsp;Lazhar Khriji,&nbsp;Ahmed Chiheb Ammari,&nbsp;Mohsen Machhout","doi":"10.1155/2022/6786203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6786203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the end of 2019, the infectious coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was reported for the first time in Wuhan, and, since then, it has become a public health issue in China and even worldwide. This pandemic has devastating effects on societies and economies around the world, and poor countries and continents are likely to face particularly serious and long-lasting damage, which could lead to large epidemic outbreaks because of the lack of financial and health resources. The increasing number of COVID-19 tests gives more information about the epidemic spread, and this can help contain the spread to avoid more infection. As COVID-19 keeps spreading, medical products, especially those needed to perform blood tests, will become scarce as a result of the high demand and insufficient supply and logistical means. However, technological tests based on deep learning techniques and medical images could be useful in fighting this pandemic. In this perspective, we propose a COVID-19 disease diagnosis (CDD) tool that implements a deep learning technique to provide automatic symptoms checking and COVID-19 detection. Our CDD scheme implements two main steps. First, the patient's symptoms are checked, and the infection probability is predicted. Then, based on the infection probability, the patient's lungs will be diagnosed by an automatic analysis of X-ray or computerized tomography (CT) images, and the presence of the infection will be accordingly confirmed or not. The numerical results prove the efficiency of the proposed scheme by achieving an accuracy value over 90% compared with the other schemes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"6786203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8767384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39729224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Esophageal Cancer in East Azerbaijan Province, Northwest of Iran.","authors":"Zahra Sadeghian,&nbsp;Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi,&nbsp;Vahdat Poortahmasebi,&nbsp;Javid Sadeghi,&nbsp;Alka Hasani,&nbsp;Arezoo Azadi,&nbsp;Mahin Ahangar Oskouee","doi":"10.1155/2022/1099477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1099477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most important viral agents associated with several classes of cancers in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate HPV in esophageal cancer in the East Azerbaijan province, northwest of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>140 paraffin-embedded specimens of esophageal tissues were investigated using nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) with primer designing for the L1 region of HPV genome. According to the pathological diagnosis, the samples were divided into two groups: 70 patients with esophageal cancer EADC (<i>n</i> = 35) and ESCC (<i>n</i> = 35) as the case group and those without tumour in esophagus tissue as a control (<i>n</i> = 70).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HPV DNA was isolated from 20 (28.57%) of the 70 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of esophagus cancer. Of these, 6 cases (17.14%) of EADC and 14 cases (40%) of ESCC were positive. In contrast, all cases of the control group were negative for the HPV genome. Sequence analysis revealed that HPV types 16 and 18 are the most frequent ones identified in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of HPV in esophageal cancer can vary depending on the geographical location and other factors. Based on the findings of this study, HPV infection may possibly have contributed to an increased risk of esophageal cancer in a group of patients in Tabriz.</p>","PeriodicalId":520793,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale","volume":" ","pages":"1099477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8759902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39915499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}