Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR最新文献

{"title":"Mapping Cough Receptors in the Larynx and Pharynx in Healthy Individuals: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Luciane Teixeira Soares, Carolina Castelli Silvério, Rodrigo Dornelas, Vanessa Veis Ribeiro, Mara Behlau","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify and describe extrapulmonary cough receptors located in healthy individuals' larynges and pharynges and the types of stimuli to which they are sensitive.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This scoping review was registered in the Open Science Framework. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. The search was performed electronically in the LILACS, Scopus, manually in gray literature (Google Scholar, MedRxiv, and ProQuest), and by mapping citations and consulting experts. The search was initiated in August 2024. The review included primary studies describing laryngeal and/or pharyngeal cough receptors in healthy human individuals. The data were analyzed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search found 12 studies on extrapulmonary cough receptors, all describing laryngeal and seven of them also pharyngeal ones. Only rapidly adapting receptors (RARs) with myelinated fibers were reported in both regions, responding predominantly to mechanical stimuli. The locations of the receptors, when described, are not uniform, with epithelium and mucosa being possible sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data on the location of extrapulmonary cough receptors in healthy individuals are heterogeneous. RARs that respond mainly to mechanical stimuli predominate in these regions and conduct stimuli to the nerve centers through myelinated fibers to trigger cough. However, the small number of included studies and variability in anatomical descriptions limit definitive conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Types of Imitation and Receptive and Expressive Language Skills in Preschoolers With Autism.","authors":"Hanna Van de Vyver, Petra Warreyn, Ines Brys, Ellen Demurie, Mikhail Kissine, Anouk Matthys, Ilse Noens, Lotte van Esch, Marielle Weyland, Herbert Roeyers","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00493","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Imitation and language are associated in autistic children. However, imitation involves various types. This cross-sectional study examined the associations between different imitation abilities and receptive and expressive language skills in autistic preschoolers while controlling for nonverbal IQ (NVIQ). Additionally, these associations were explored separately in two subgroups based on language level.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of 176 autistic preschoolers, aged 2-6 years, was assessed using (semi)structured behavioral tasks measuring imitation (elicited object, gestural, and verbal imitation; spontaneous object imitation; and deferred object imitation), nonverbal cognitive, and language abilities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model with elicited object, verbal, and spontaneous object imitation explained the largest proportion of variance in receptive language after controlling for NVIQ, although a model with elicited gestural, deferred, and spontaneous object imitation showed nearly equivalent explanatory power. Elicited verbal, deferred, and spontaneous object imitation contributed most to explaining expressive language. The interaction effects indicated that differences across subgroups only emerged for spontaneous object imitation. Within-group analyses revealed different imitation abilities contributing to the most predictive model of concurrent language skills, in the minimally speaking/some words group and the speech in sentences/fluent speech group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Various imitation abilities contribute to receptive and expressive language beyond NVIQ. For autistic children with varying language skills, immediate verbal and object imitation abilities were key contributors to language performance, suggesting that these may be important targets for intervention. In the minimally speaking/some words group, immediate and deferred object imitation contributed to language skills, whereas these abilities were less predictive for verbally more fluent autistic children.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.33311877.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"5001-5019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Differential Impact of Sleep-Dependent Consolidation in Speech Perceptual Learning: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Xinming Zhou, F Sayako Earle","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00061","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sleep plays a critical role in speech-sound learning. However, owing to methodological heterogeneity and inconsistent findings, the mechanisms by which sleep consolidates speech sounds are poorly understood. This review synthesizes evidence on sleep-dependent speech-sound consolidation to identify consistent behavioral patterns.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, we searched five major databases supplemented by reference list screening and expert consultation. We selected and reviewed 30 empirical articles representing 1,646 participants, primarily healthy young adults, in the full text for qualitative analysis. No meta-analysis was performed because of considerable variability in study designs and outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sleep robustly supports stabilization of fragile speech-sound traces from wake-dependent degradation, while enhancement and generalization emerge only conditionally. We observed enhancement effects in approximately half of the included studies, which were predominantly modulated by learner aptitude. Generalization occurred most consistently when the training variability was sufficient to support feature abstraction. Notably, the null findings tended to be correlated with signal degradation or elevated computational demands at encoding or assessment, suggesting that consolidation mechanisms may be resource limited and sensitive to encoding fidelity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, our findings suggest that sleep acts as a selective filter. The brain prioritizes the stabilization of weakly encoded speech-sound traces, while allowing active reorganization only for representations that were robustly encoded. We propose a hierarchical framework to account for the observed patterns, along with translational research directions that leverage distinct learning pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4879-4901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DELV-ing Into the Psychometrics of Dialect: An Item-Level Analysis With School-Aged African American Children.","authors":"Lee Branum-Martin, Julie A Washington, Katherine T Rhodes","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00745","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Measuring language proficiency in the presence of nonmainstream dialect variation is a crucial task for clinicians and language researchers. Evaluations of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation-Screening Test (DELV-ST) have suggested that its items do not conform to the recommended scoring rules. The current article evaluates the items from both parts of the DELV-ST.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants included 853 African American students in Grades 1-5. We used a priori confirmatory factor models to evaluate the published structure versus linguistically based blocks of items for the two parts of the DELV-ST: Language Variation (15 items) and Diagnostic Risk (17 items). We also evaluated models of full multinomial scoring of all item choices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the items had reasonable sensitivity (factor loadings), although some were weak. The alternate scorings suggest there is substantial information in the variant responses. The multiple factors had only moderate correlations with each other (<i>r</i> = .28-.57).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The items of the DELV-ST did not function well as unidimensional measures of their intended parts in the current sample. Some items and many responses did not function adequately, suggesting that for a better understanding of dialect, a wider variety of linguistic tasks with diagnostically informative responses may be needed. Relations between the DELV-ST and language or reading are therefore questionable.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.33245943.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4949-4967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Underrepresentation to Inclusion: Women Who Stutter in Research and Practice.","authors":"Ran An, Charn Nang, Ai Leen Choo, Ineke Samson","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00881","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Women who stutter have historically received limited analytic attention in stuttering research and clinical practice. Although the higher male-to-female persistence ratio partly shapes sample composition, repeated reliance on male-majority samples has also contributed to a sex-skewed evidence base, limiting insight into women's experiences and clinical needs. Using a biopsychosocial framework, this article identifies key domains for inquiry and proposes a research, clinical, and educational agenda to address the underrepresentation of women who stutter and its implications for evidence generation, care, and professional training.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This agenda-setting viewpoint draws on evidence from stuttering-specific and broader interdisciplinary literature and organizes it within a biopsychosocial framework. It examines how study design, analytic practices, and reporting conventions have shaped the visibility of women in the stuttering evidence base and identifies priorities for research, clinical practice, and professional education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis identifies a sex-skewed evidence base shaped by male-majority samples and the frequent pooling of data from women and men. Emerging evidence suggests that biological, psychological, social, and communication-related factors may shape women's experiences of stuttering in clinically meaningful ways. Accordingly, this viewpoint identifies three areas for action: (a) strengthen the evidence base through multidimensional research and sex- and gender-informed study design, analysis, and reporting; (b) advance individualized, gender-sensitive clinical care; and (c) integrate sex- and gender-informed content into professional education and development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Explicitly examining women who stutter as a distinct analytic group can strengthen the scientific foundation of speech-language pathology and enable empirical clarification rather than presupposition. This article aimed to support a more representative, clinically informative, and sex- and gender-informed evidence base regarding women who stutter.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4902-4911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Emotion Recognition Difficulties in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: A Predominantly Linguistic Issue.","authors":"Raúl López-Penadés, Àngels Esteller-Cano, Victor Sanchez-Azanza, Eva Aguilar-Mediavilla, Daniel Adrover-Roig","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00859","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Developmental language disorder (DLD) has been associated with difficulties in several cognitive and emotional domains, including emotion recognition (ER). However, the literature remains inconclusive on whether the ER difficulties extend to emotion discrimination-limited to perceptual processing-or affect more advanced stages of emotional identification, which are necessary for labeling emotions. The primary aim of this study was to explore potential impairments in facial ER in children with DLD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-three Spanish-Catalan bilingual children (24 DLD), aged between 9.3 and 13.9 years, performed two computerized visual ER tasks based on facial expressions: an emotion matching task and an emotion labeling task, targeting perceptual and knowledge face processing stages, respectively. Accuracy and decision time (DT) measures were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with DLD showed significantly lower accuracy (but not slower DT) than typically developing peers in the emotion labeling task, but not in the emotion matching task. These results suggested that children with DLD struggle with the emotional knowledge processing stage (labeling task) while preserving the ability to perceptually process emotions. Further regression analyses indicated that general language skills and verbal theory of mind jointly contributed to explaining the performance in emotion labeling but not in face matching.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides new insights into the extent of the difficulties in ER from facial expressions in children with DLD, evidencing limitations at the linguistic, but not the perceptual, level.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.33166634.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4912-4926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148805361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chirp-Evoked Electrocochleography and Speech-in-Noise Performance in Normal-Hearing Individuals With Tinnitus.","authors":"Tzu-Yuan Wang, Yu-Fu Chen, Chin-Kuo Chen, Chi-Ting Chang","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00605","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Both tinnitus and poor hearing-in-noise performance have been proposed as perceptual consequences of cochlear synaptopathy, which can occur in the absence of significant hearing loss. However, to date, no study has investigated chirp-evoked electrocochleography (ECochG) measures or examined the relationship between action potential (AP) amplitude and speech perception in noise (SPIN) performance in normal-hearing individuals with tinnitus.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty participants with nonpulsatile tinnitus lasting at least 3 months were recruited for the tinnitus group. An additional 20 age-matched individuals without tinnitus comprised the control group. All participants underwent chirp-evoked ECochG and SPIN testing in the designated ear. AP amplitude was measured using two approaches: from the AP peak to the baseline (AP1) and from the AP peak to the subsequent trough (AP2). SPIN performance was assessed under multiple listening conditions designed to simulate challenging real-world environments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While chirp-evoked AP1 amplitudes were significantly greater than those elicited by click stimuli, group differences emerged only for chirp-evoked AP2, with the tinnitus group exhibiting reduced amplitudes. Moreover, a significant correlation between chirp-evoked AP2 amplitude and SPIN performance under the most challenging listening condition was observed in the control group, with larger AP2 amplitudes associated with better SPIN performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although cochlear synaptopathy cannot be definitively verified without histopathological examination, the present findings suggest that combining chirp-evoked ECochG with SPIN testing may provide complementary, noninvasive information about auditory function in individuals with and without tinnitus. Together, these measures may provide insight into peripheral and central mechanisms contributing to tinnitus and speech-in-noise perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"5092-5108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148805384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons From the Communication Bridge Trials: Advancing Meaningful Dyadic Interventions Toward Implementation.","authors":"Emily Rogalski, Ollie Fegter, Alfred Rademaker, Matthew Bona, Angela C Roberts","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00074","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This review describes the historical motivations, development, and evolution of the Communication Bridge (CB) research program, which is designed to maximize quality of life and minimize burden for individuals living with dementia and their communication partners. The CB trials described comprise a series of dyadic, nonpharmacologic interventions supporting individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and their communication partners. Across trials, the CB intervention integrates speech-language, educational, and psychosocial approaches to maximize communication participation, confidence, and self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The CB trials are contextualized within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development and the Readiness Assessment for Pragmatic Trials (RAPT) framework to illustrate a systematic pathway from feasibility to implementation readiness. Three sequential telehealth-delivered trials are described: CB1, a pilot feasibility study; CB2, an international randomized controlled trial (RCT); and CB3, an ongoing international RCT designed with clinical practice-aligned procedures to advance readiness for future implementation testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Application of the NIH Stage Model and the RAPT framework highlights how staged intervention development can support rigor, reproducibility, and implementation readiness in behavioral intervention research for neurodegenerative conditions. Across trials, person-centered outcomes demonstrated meaningful benefit and maintenance over time, while iterative design refinements addressed feasibility, fidelity, acceptability, and scalability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CB research program illustrates how implementation science frameworks can be applied to advance meaningful, dyadic interventions for PPA toward real-world use. Lessons from early-phase trials underscore the importance of person-centered outcomes, staged rigor, and early attention to implementation considerations, with implications for future PPA intervention research and broader speech-language clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4615-4624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Trials in Adult Communication and Swallowing Disorders: Building the Evidence Base for Patient-Centered Care.","authors":"Leora R Cherney","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00569","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-26-00569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Clinical trials provide essential evidence for determining whether interventions are safe, effective, clinically meaningful, and suitable for translation into practice. This introduction reviews the purpose, core features, and ethical requirements of clinical trials, with attention to emerging adaptive trial designs and the importance of transparency through trial registration, protocol publication, and dissemination. It also highlights contributions from the 2025 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Research Symposium, \"Clinical Trials Conducted With Adult Populations,\" with a focus on adult-onset communication and swallowing disorders, including aphasia, primary progressive aphasia, dysphagia, and communication disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The studies and reviews featured in the symposium illustrate how clinical trial research can strengthen the evidence base for adult communication and swallowing interventions by refining treatment dose, comparing active intervention approaches, supporting staged behavioral intervention development, identifying physiologic treatment targets, and evaluating implementation strategies in real-world health systems. Together, these contributions underscore the importance of clinical trial literacy among speech-language pathologists and related clinicians so that research findings can be critically interpreted and effectively translated into patient-centered practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"4562-4566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Mandarin Version of the Hearing and Functioning in Everyday Life Questionnaire.","authors":"Shangqiguo Wang, Zhihong Zheng, Liping Zhang, Carol Pang, Hang Zhao, Wen Jiang, Qinglin Meng, Yuan Chen, Lena L N Wong, Elin Karlsson","doi":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00604","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and preliminarily evaluate the Mandarin version of the Hearing and Functioning in Everyday Life Questionnaire (HFEQ-Mandarin) for older adults with hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study involved a systematic translation and cultural adaptation process following international guidelines, including forward and back translation, expert committee review, and field testing with 15 participants. A total of 227 older adults completed the HFEQ-Mandarin. In the non-hearing aid subgroup (<i>n</i> = 109), participants additionally completed the Chinese Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening and Mini Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Psychometric analyses included exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency reliability, and correlation assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HFEQ-Mandarin demonstrated good cultural relevance after expert review and participant feedback. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a five-factor structure explaining 74.14% of variance. Internal consistency was excellent for the total scale (α = .905), though some subscales showed lower reliability. Correlation analyses indicated significant relationships between HFEQ scores, hearing thresholds, and self-reported hearing difficulties. Participants generally found the questionnaire understandable, though some items, particularly those related to societal support and individual resources, required refinement. The length of the questionnaire posed challenges for older adults, highlighting the need for a shorter version.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HFEQ-Mandarin is a promising tool for assessing daily hearing-related functioning in Mandarin-speaking adults. Further validation with diverse samples is needed.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.33307746.</p>","PeriodicalId":520690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR","volume":" ","pages":"5109-5125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}