Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"The Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in the Immune Innate Response of Keratinocytes Co-Cultured with <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> Reveals Important Roles of Cytokine GM-CSF.","authors":"Monise Fazolin Petrucelli,&nbsp;Bruna Aline M Cantelli,&nbsp;Mozart Marins,&nbsp;Ana Lúcia Fachin","doi":"10.3390/jof8111151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> is the most causative agent of dermatophytosis worldwide. The keratinocytes are the first line of defense during infection, triggering immunomodulatory responses. Previous dual RNA-seq data showed the upregulation of several human genes involved in immune response and epithelial barrier integrity during the co-culture of HaCat cells with <i>T. rubrum</i>. This work evaluates the transcriptional response of this set of genes during the co-culture of HaCat with different stages of <i>T. rubrum</i> conidia development and viability. Our results show that the developmental stage of fungal conidia and their viability interfere with the transcriptional regulation of innate immunity genes. The <i>CSF2</i> gene encoding the cytokine GM-CSF is the most overexpressed, and we report for the first time that <i>CSF2</i> expression is contact and conidial-viability-dependent during infection. In contrast, <i>CSF2</i> transcripts and GM-CSF secretion levels were observed when HaCat cells were challenged with bacterial LPS. Furthermore, the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines was dependent on the conidia developmental stage. Thus, we suggest that the viability and developmental stage of fungal conidia interfere with the transcriptional patterns of genes encoding immunomodulatory proteins in human keratinocytes with regard to important roles of GM-CSF during infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40690785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Cutaneous Mycobiome in Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Milena Szczepańska,&nbsp;Leszek Blicharz,&nbsp;Joanna Nowaczyk,&nbsp;Karolina Makowska,&nbsp;Mohamad Goldust,&nbsp;Anna Waśkiel-Burnat,&nbsp;Joanna Czuwara,&nbsp;Zbigniew Samochocki,&nbsp;Lidia Rudnicka","doi":"10.3390/jof8111153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by eczematous lesions, itch, and a significant deterioration in the quality of life. Recently, microbiome dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Changes in the fungal microbiome (also termed mycobiome) appear to be an important factor influencing the clinical picture of this entity. This review summarizes the available insights into the role of the cutaneous mycobiome in atopic dermatitis and the new research possibilities in this field. The prevalence and characteristics of key fungal species, the most important pathogenesis pathways, as well as classic and emerging therapies of fungal dysbiosis and infections complicating atopic dermatitis, are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40690788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential Oil from <i>Croton blanchetianus</i> Leaves: Anticandidal Potential and Mechanisms of Action.","authors":"Ellen A Malveira,&nbsp;Pedro F N Souza,&nbsp;Nilton A S Neto,&nbsp;Tawanny K B Aguiar,&nbsp;Natanael S Rodrigues,&nbsp;Carlos W B Henrique,&nbsp;Ayrles F B Silva,&nbsp;Leandro B Lima,&nbsp;Cynthia C Albuquerque,&nbsp;Cleverson D T Freitas","doi":"10.3390/jof8111147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial drugs are becoming ineffective given the resistance acquired by microorganisms. As such, it is imperative to seek new antimicrobial molecules that could provide a basis for the development of new drugs. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and the mechanisms of action of the essential oil extracted from leaves of <i>Croton blanchetianus</i> (named <i>Cb</i>EO) on different fungi and bacteria of clinical importance in both planktonic and biofilm lifestyles. GC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of twenty-two different compounds in the <i>Cb</i>EO, which were identified using the Kovats retention index. Among these, the most abundant were amorphene (20.03%), spathulenol (5%), bicyclogermacrene (1.49%), caryophyllene oxide (4.55%), and eucalyptol (5.62%). <i>Cb</i>OE (50 µg mL^-1) barely inhibited the growth of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (23%), <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (27%), and <i>Salmonella enterica</i> (28%), and no inhibition was obtained against <i>Enterobacter aerogenes</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. Additionally, no activity against bacterial biofilm was detected. In contrast, <i>Cb</i>EO was active against <i>Candida</i> species. <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. parapsilosis</i> were inhibited by 78 and 75%, respectively. The antibiofilm potential also was favorable against <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. parapsilosis</i>, inhibiting 44 and 74% of biofilm formation and reducing around 41 and 27% of the preformed biofilm, respectively. <i>Cb</i>OE caused membrane damage and pore formation, overproduction of ROS, and apoptosis on <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. parapsilosis</i> cells, as well as not inducing hemolysis in human red cells. The results obtained in this work raise the possibility of using the essential oil of <i>C. blanchetianus</i> leaves as an alternative to fight infections caused by <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. parapsilosis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological, Molecular and Metabolic Characterization of the Pigmented Fungus <i>Subramaniula asteroids</i>.","authors":"Heba El-Sayed,&nbsp;Mohamed E Osman,&nbsp;Asmaa Abdelsalam,&nbsp;Arezue Boroujerdi,&nbsp;Hana Sonbol,&nbsp;Yasmin M Elsaba","doi":"10.3390/jof8111149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chaetomiaceae fungi are ascosporulating fungi whose importance as human pathogens has been frequently ignored. In the current study, a new isolate of the genus <i>Subramaniula</i> was described. The fungus was isolated from the soil of Wadi Om Nefa'a, Hurghada in the Red Sea Governorate, Egypt. Previously, <i>Subramaniula</i> were misidentified as <i>Papulaspora</i> spp. According to molecular analysis, the fungus was identified as <i>Subramaniula asteroids</i> OP484336. Remarkably, this species has been found among other fungi responsible for keratitis in humans and has been recorded for the first time in Egypt. Analysing the <i>Subramaniula asteroids'</i> metabolic profile was one of the objectives of the current study because little is known about this family's metabolome. The fungal extract's untargeted metabolic profiling was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS), ¹H and ¹H-HSQC nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, and their corresponding databases. In total, fifty-nine metabolites have been reported in the polar and non-polar extracts. The majority of polar metabolites are amino acids and carbohydrates. The non-polar extract's main components were 1-dodecanamine, N,N-dimethyl-, 1-tetradecanamine, N,N-dimethyl-, and 9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester. The current study is the first to provide a metabolic profile of <i>Subramaniula asteroids</i>, which can be used in chemotaxonomical classification, antifungal drug development, and biological activity investigation of the studied species.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival Outcome of Empirical Antifungal Therapy and the Value of Early Initiation: A Review of the Last Decade.","authors":"Souha S Kanj,&nbsp;Ali S Omrani,&nbsp;Hail M Al-Abdely,&nbsp;Ahmad Subhi,&nbsp;Riad El Fakih,&nbsp;Ibraheem Abosoudah,&nbsp;Hazar Kanj,&nbsp;George Dimopoulos","doi":"10.3390/jof8111146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This rapid systematic review aimed to collect the evidence published over the last decade on the effect of empirical antifungal therapy and its early initiation on survival rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, Scopus, and Embase, in addition to a hand search and experts' suggestions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen cohort studies and two randomized clinical trials reporting the survival outcome of empirical antifungal therapy were included in this review. Two studies reported the association between early empirical antifungal therapy (EAFT) and survival rates in a hematological cancer setting, and fourteen studies reported the outcome in patients in intensive care units (ICU). Six studies reported that appropriate EAFT decreases hospital mortality significantly; ten studies could not demonstrate a statistically significant association with mortality rates.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The inconsistency of the results in the literature can be attributed to the studies' small sample size and their heterogeneity. Many patients who may potentially benefit from such strategies were excluded from these studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While EAFT is practiced in many settings, current evidence is conflicting, and high-quality studies are needed to demonstrate the true value of this approach. Meanwhile, insights from experts in the field can help guide clinicians to initiate EAFT when indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antagonistic Effect of <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i> (TL6 and TL13) on <i>Fusarium solani</i> and <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> Causing Root Rot on Snow Pea Plants.","authors":"Thomas Afriyie Boakye,&nbsp;Huixia Li,&nbsp;Richard Osei,&nbsp;Solomon Boamah,&nbsp;Zhang Min,&nbsp;Chunhui Ni,&nbsp;Jin Wu,&nbsp;Mingming Shi,&nbsp;Wanqiang Qiao","doi":"10.3390/jof8111148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Snow pea root rot in China is caused by <i>Fusarium solani</i> (FSH) and <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> (FAH), which affect snow pea production. The chemical control methods used against FSH and FAH are toxic to the environment and resistance may be developed in persistence applications. Therefore, an alternative approach is needed to control these pathogens. This study focuses on <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i> strains (TL6 and TL13), mycoparasitic mechanisms of FSH and FAH, as well as growth-promoting potentials on snow pea seedlings under FSH and FAH stress at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. The average inhibitory rates of TL6 against FSH and FAH were 54.58% and 69.16%, respectively, on day 7. Similarly, TL13 average inhibitory rates against FSH and FAH were 59.06% and 71.27%, respectively, on day 7. The combined TL13 and TL6 with FSH and FAH reduced disease severity by 86.6, 81.6, 57.60, and 60.90%, respectively, in comparison to the controls. The snow pea plants inoculated with FSH and FAH without TL6 and TL13 increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) contents in the leaves by 64.8, 66.0, 64.4 and 65.9%, respectively, compared to the control. However, the combined FSH and FAH with TL6 and TL13 decreased the MDA and H₂O₂ content by 75.6, 76.8, 70.0, and 76.4%, respectively, in comparison to the controls. In addition, the combined TL6 + FSH and TL6 + FAH increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) by 60.5, 64.7, and 60.3%, respectively, and 60.0, 64.9, and 56.6%, respectively, compared to the controls. Again, compared to the controls, the combined TL13 + FSH and TL13 + FAH increased the activity of SOD, POD, and CAT by 69.7, 68.6, and 65.6%, respectively, and 70.10, 69.5, and 65.8%, respectively. Our results suggest that the pretreatment of snow pea seeds with TL6 and TL13 increases snow pea seedling growth, controls FSH and FAH root rot, increases antioxidant enzyme activity, and activates plant defense mechanisms. The TL13 strain had the greatest performance in terms of pathogen inhibition and snow pea growth promotion compared to the TL6 strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Epichloë</i> Increases Root Fungal Endophyte Richness and Alters Root Fungal Endophyte Composition in a Changing World.","authors":"Kylea R Garces,&nbsp;Haley E Sage,&nbsp;Natalie Christian,&nbsp;Sarah M Emery","doi":"10.3390/jof8111142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants harbor a variety of fungal symbionts both above- and belowground, yet little is known about how these fungi interact within hosts, especially in a world where resource availability is changing due to human activities. Systemic vertically transmitted endophytes such as <i>Epichloë</i> spp. may have particularly strong effects on the diversity and composition of later-colonizing symbionts such as root fungal endophytes, especially in primary successional systems. We made use of a long-term field experiment in Great Lakes sand dunes to test whether <i>Epichloë</i> colonization of the dune-building grass, <i>Ammophila breviligulata</i>, could alter fungal root endophyte species richness or community composition in host plants. We also tested whether nitrogen addition intensified the effects of <i>Epichlöe</i> on the root endophyte community. We found that <i>Epichloë</i> increased richness of root endophytes in <i>Ammophila</i> by 17% overall, but only shifted community composition of root endophytes under nitrogen-enriched conditions. These results indicate that <i>Epichlöe</i> acts as a key species within <i>Ammophila</i>, changing richness and composition of the root mycobiome and integrating above- and belowground mycobiome interactions. Further, effects of <i>Epichloë</i> on root endophyte communities were enhanced by N addition, indicating that this fungal species may become even more important in future environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9697489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-Phylogenetic Evidence Reveals New Species of Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae from Freshwater Habitats in Guizhou Province, China.","authors":"Hong-Zhi Du,&nbsp;Jing Yang,&nbsp;Ning-Guo Liu,&nbsp;Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon,&nbsp;Jian-Kui Liu","doi":"10.3390/jof8111138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During a survey of freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province, China, six hyphomycetous collections were founded on decaying wood from freshwater habitats. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphology, phylogeny, and culture characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, <i>RPB2</i> and <i>TEF1α</i> sequence data indicated that our six isolates formed three distinct lineages and were distributed within Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae. They can be organized as three new species: <i>Fuscosporella guizhouensis</i>, <i>Mucispora</i><i>aquatica</i> and <i>Neoascotaiwania</i><i>guizhouensis</i>. <i>Fuscosporella guizhouensis</i> and <i>Neoascotaiwania guizhouensis</i> have sporodochial conidiomata, micronematous conidiophores and dark brown conidia. The former possesses irregularly ellipsoidal conidia with apical appendages, while the latter has fusiform to obovoid conidia. <i>Mucispora aquatica</i> is characterized by macronematous conidiophores, elongating percurrently and dark brown, narrowly obovoid conidia. The detailed, illustrated descriptions and notes for each new taxon are provided, and the species of <i>Fuscosporella</i> is reported for the first time in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological Assessment of Pure Lolitrem B and Ryegrass Seed Infected with the AR37 Endophyte Using Mice.","authors":"Sarah C Finch,&nbsp;Allan D Hawkes,&nbsp;Joan M Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Ric B Broadhurst,&nbsp;Maryann R Staincliffe,&nbsp;John S Munday","doi":"10.3390/jof8111139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal endophytes in perennial ryegrass are essential to New Zealand's pastoral system due to anti-insect effects. However, endophytes also produce compounds which can be detrimental to animals. Furthermore, as these toxins have been detected in the milk and fat of animals grazing common-toxic (containing lolitrem B) or AR37 endophyte-infected herbage they could enter the human food chain. To assess the risk to human health mice were fed for 90 days with three dose rates of lolitrem B and of AR37. Parameters indicative of animal health were measured as well as chemical, hematological and histological analysis of samples collected on day 90. Since endophyte toxin residues have been detected in milk, they could be transferred from mother to offspring via breast milk. To evaluate possible effects on reproduction two complete generations of mice were fed lolitrem B or AR37. At the dose rates given no adverse effects were observed in either study. The 100-fold safety factor to allow the use of animal data in human health assessments was applied and by considering the concentrations of lolitrem B or AR37 metabolites which could be ingested by a consumer it is highly unlikely that they pose any risk to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue: \"Fungi: What Have We Learned from Omics?\"","authors":"Ana Cristina Esteves","doi":"10.3390/jof8111145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi are vast in terms of diversity, ecological roles, habitats they occupy, physiology, metabolism, and in many other characteristics [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":520671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}