Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Healthcare expenditure on older adult non-fatal falls by state.","authors":"Gabrielle F Miller, Yara K Haddad, Neil Ortmann, Curtis Florence","doi":"10.1136/ip-2025-045725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2025-045725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Falls are a leading preventable cause of death and injury among older adults (65+). Healthcare spending in the USA on non-fatal falls was estimated at $80 billion in 2020. We aim to estimate healthcare spending on older adult non-fatal falls by state.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthcare spending for all adults was derived from the 2020 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Health Expenditures by State of Residence files. These data covered three payor types: Medicare, Medicaid and private health insurance (PHI). Using the national 2020 CMS Health Expenditure by Age Group files, the national proportion of healthcare spending for older adults was calculated for each payor type. These national proportions were applied to each state's healthcare spending data to estimate healthcare spending for older adults in each state, adjusted for the proportion of older adults in each state. To estimate the proportion of older adult healthcare spending attributed to non-fatal falls, these adjusted values were combined with the falls-attributable expenditure factors calculated in Haddad (2024). The final state-level estimates of healthcare spending on non-fatal older adult falls were calculated for each payer type: Medicare, Medicaid and PHI. All estimates were inflated to 2023 dollars.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall state-level spending on non-fatal falls ranged between $112.7 million in Alaska to $8.3 billion in Florida. Per-capita spending estimates ranged between $1085 in Utah to $2262 in Wisconsin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Measuring the cost of non-fatal falls at the state level can help inform regional differences and improve targeted fall prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child restraint legislation and injury rate NSW 2001-2019: analysing hospital administration data.","authors":"Chen-Chun Ellie Shu, Holger Moeller, Tom Whyte, Lynne E Bilston, Susan Adams, Natasha Nassar, Rebecca Q Ivers, Jake Olivier, Julie Brown","doi":"10.1136/ip-2025-045722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2025-045722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In March 2010, New South Wales (NSW), Australia, introduced legislation mandating age-appropriate restraints for child passengers up to 7 years. This study aims to evaluate its impact on child injury rates using linked hospital and death data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An interrupted time series using random effects quasi-Poisson regression analysed hospital-admitted injury rates in child passengers (0-14 years) in NSW, Australia, from July 2001 to March 2019. Hospital administration data were divided into prelegislation, legislation and postlegislation periods, with the legislative period spanning November 2007 to December 2011, accounting for a 6-month adaptation and enforcement grace period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Injury rates in children under 14 were reduced postlegislation compared with prelegislation. The average injury rate was 33% lower for children directly affected by the legislation (aged 1-6 years, incidence rate ratio (IRR)=0.67, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.79), 25% lower for children aged 7-10 years (IRR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.85) and 20% lower for children aged 11-14 years (IRR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.94). Compared with children aged 11-14, the injury rate for other age groups decreased, though with large uncertainty in these estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest a decrease in injuries among child passengers following legislation mandating age-appropriate restraints up to 7 years. However, similar reductions among older children and substantial uncertainty in estimates using the oldest children as controls limit attribution of the effect solely to the legislation. Combined with observational studies showing increased restraint use among children under 12 years old, the results indicate an overall postlegislation improvement in child passenger safety in NSW, Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing progress of road safety legislation globally: criteria, methodology and evolution 2015-2023.","authors":"Evelyn Murphy, Fangfang Luo, Joelle Auert","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>WHO has set minimum, evidence-based criteria to evaluate the quality of behavioural risk factors laws and reports country progress in global status reports on road safety (GSRRS). We describe criteria evolution and country progress. We analyse laws on speed, drink driving, helmets, seatbelts and child restraint. Global status reports 2009 and 2013 are based on countries' responses. In Report 2015, the collection of legislation and assessment by WHO based on criteria began. Criteria were refined based on the evolving scientific evidence and practice. Report 2018 is the first year in which criteria are comparable with GSRRS 2023. Criteria are consistently applied using standardised interpretation criteria. Based on 2021-2030 Decade of Action for Road Safety framework, Report 2023 includes additional legislation topics but no criteria set. Assessment criteria: speed: national law with urban speed limit≤50 km/h and localities can modify limits. Drinking driving: national law based on blood alcohol concentration or breath alcohol concentration equivalent of ≤0.05 g/dL for general population and ≤0.02 g/dL for novice/young drivers. Helmets: national mandatory motorcycle helmet law covering all adult riders, for all engine types on all roads; helmet is properly strapped and reference to national or international helmet standard. Seatbelts: national mandatory seatbelt wearing exists applicable to all front- and back-seated vehicle occupants. Child restraint systems: national compulsory CRS use in place based on age/weight/height and referring to a standard. Results show a slow pace of legislation improvements. More research is needed on the quality of laws and implementation in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dog walking-related injuries of the hand and wrist: a systematic review.","authors":"Brandon Lim, Daniel Trussler, Ariel Chai, Adeline Clement, Suddhajit Sen","doi":"10.1136/ip-2025-045629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2025-045629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dog walking creates the risk of falls which can lead to musculoskeletal injuries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aims to evaluate the epidemiology of dog walking-related hand and wrist injuries, discuss their estimated economic impact, and identify gaps in research and legislation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus databases were searched. Outcomes of interest were the incidence of dog-related hand and wrist injuries. The quality of studies was analysed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies consisting of 491 400 injuries among 491 373 patients were included. Among these, 364 904 (74.3%) were female, and at least 152 247 (31.0%) were older than 65 years of age. A total of 110 722 specific fractures or soft tissue injuries to the hand and wrist were reported. Finger fractures were the most common injury among hand and wrist injuries (n=34 051; 30.8%). Being pulled by a leash was the most common cause of a direct dog-related injury (n=314 189; 68.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights a significant number of dog walking-related hand and wrist injuries, particularly in the elderly and female population. While finger fractures were the most frequently reported injury, the cost analysis in this review focused on distal radius fractures due to their substantial economic impact. We estimated the potential annual cost of dog walking-related wrist fractures in the UK to exceed £23 million. Preventative measures, including safer leash practices and public safety guidance, should be implemented to reduce injury risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of the WHO Global Status Reports on Road Safety.","authors":"Maria Segui-Gomez, Fangfang Luo, Claes Tingvall, Matthew Peter Taylor","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045536","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 2000, the WHO has produced a series of Global reports to monitor the burden of road traffic incidents and road safety interventions. The fifth and latest Global Status Report on Road Safety was released in December 2023. This manuscript reviews the stated objectives for these reports and provides an assessment of their achievement. Whenever appropriate, we compare the burden and progress in preventive or curative interventions of three other health conditions with comparable numbers of deaths and for which similar WHO reports exist. We conclude with recommendations for future road safety status reports. These include covering private sector actors, creating a standard definition for non-fatal injuries, commissioning new research to determine additional best practice legislation, refining some UN voluntary performance target indicators, producing country profiles for all WHO member states and enhancing communications and advocacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Child pedestrian crossing behaviour and associated risk factors in school zones: a video-based observational study in Kampala, Uganda.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-044932corr1","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-044932corr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental perspectives of physicians and nurses on child trampoline use: \"I feel like I'm just kind of caving to social pressure\".","authors":"Michelle Emma Eileen Bauer, Meghan Gilley, Ian Pike","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A wealth of evidence demonstrates the potentially injurious consequences for children using trampolines. Despite this evidence, many parents continue to support their children's use of trampolines and instal trampolines around their homes.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with parents across Canada who are emergency practitioners. We examined physicians' and nurses' (n=56) perspectives on their children's trampoline use. Tenets of risk society theory were used to inform our approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were identified through a thematic analysis: (1) heightened injury awareness; (2) social stigma and (3) balancing child development and safety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings enrich conversations on child injury prevention by demonstrating how parental attitudes towards children's use of common household features such as trampolines can be shaped by witnessing children's injuries, accessing health information and education and being exposed to public pressures to achieve parental safety ideals.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second downward trend in global road traffic deaths.","authors":"Meleckidzedeck Khayesi, Kacem Iaych","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045487","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the characteristics of a second downward trend in the rate of global road traffic deaths, measured by the number of road traffic deaths per 100 000 population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A smoothing function was fitted to scatter plot distributions of road traffic deaths per 100 000 population for each of the 16 countries that had revealed a second downward trend to determine the types of patterns in the declining rate of road traffic fatalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A second wave of a downward trend in the rate of road traffic deaths has been detected in 16 countries in the period 1990-2021. The first wave of a downward trend in road traffic deaths occurred in the 1970s in Western Europe, the USA and Australia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A shift has occurred in the upward trend in the rate of road traffic deaths in 16 countries. This shift or bend represents a second wave in the downward trend in the rate of global road traffic deaths.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving agricultural injury surveillance: comparing injuries captured by Iowa's workers' compensation and trauma registry data.","authors":"Marizen R Ramirez, D Erik Boonstra, Adam F Moskowitz, Fred Gerr, Joseph E Cavanaugh, Carri Casteel","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Without a comprehensive national surveillance system in the USA, the agricultural sector faces numerous obstacles to accurate and complete injury reporting and surveillance. Secondary sources are increasingly being used to conduct surveillance but have not been thoroughly evaluated for their overlap and ability to capture various types of agricultural injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using two state-level systems which likely capture severe injuries, the (i) Iowa Trauma Registry (ITR) and (ii) Workers' Compensation (WC) records, we compared worker and injury characteristics found in these two data sources over a ten-year period (2005-2014) and developed a predictive model to determine which injuries are most likely captured in one data source vs the other.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2398 unique injuries from ITR and 3419 unique injuries from WC were found. There was very little overlap between the two sources. In general, injuries among older agricultural workers (65+) had a higher probability of capture by the ITR, while injuries among younger agricultural workers were more likely captured by WC. Young agricultural workers injured in motor vehicle traffic incidents were more likely captured by WC, but after age 25, these injuries were more likely captured by the ITR. In contrast, more machinery injuries were captured by the ITR than WC across age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neither of these secondary systems fully captured all injuries. Hence, comprehensive surveillance would require multiple data sources. However, future studies involving targeted research questions could select one data source, especially when surveillance resources are limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Road traffic injuries (RTIs) in children and adolescents in India: an overview of epidemiology, reported reasons and its implications.","authors":"Srinivasan Soundararajan, Subha Sankar Das, Deepika Bahl, Pratibha Verma, Sunil Mehra","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Road traffic injuries (RTIs) rank among the top causes of mortality and disability in children and adolescents, resulting in substantial socioeconomic impacts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review to understand the epidemiological scenarios (gender and state variation), vulnerabilities, interconnected reported reasons, impact and implications of RTI especially among children and adolescents in India using National Crime Record Bureau (2000-2022), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (2000-2022) reports and other published articles and reports (2000-2024). A snowball search strategy was also used to retrieve all relevant published reports and articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children and adolescents under 18 years accounted for over 8% of all age groups experiencing road crash fatalities in India. Males under 18 years were found to be disproportionately affected by RTIs. Global Burden of Disease recorded a decline in disability-adjusted life years for RTIs among the population aged 5-19 years from 266.7 per 100 000 in 2001 to 157.6 per 100 000 in 2019, with males exhibiting a more significant reduction compared with females. Multiple reasons have been attributed including higher exposure of males, more risk-taking behaviour among males compared with females. It is also observed that RTI related deaths contribute 45% of all injuries, of that pedestrian casualties make up one-third of child fatalities. Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra have recorded higher population-adjusted RTI death rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the presence of enforcement laws and policies in India, there remains a significant gap in our national programme for integrating context-specific interventions aimed at educating children and parents about safer road use.Additionally, it is crucial to prioritise infrastructure enhancements and strengthen regulatory enforcement. Artificial intelligence presents a valuable opportunity to predict RTIs by accounting for state-specific characteristics, offering a promising tool for developing targeted prevention and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}