Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention最新文献

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Public health emergency changed the way we work. 突发公共卫生事件改变了我们的工作方式。
IF 3.7
Esther Wagner, Randolph Atkins
{"title":"Public health emergency changed the way we work.","authors":"Esther Wagner, Randolph Atkins","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044022","url":null,"abstract":"The public health emergency changed the way we work, shop, access education and interact socially. It has also changed the way we travel. Understanding the results of those changes in travel behaviour is an evolving process that benefits from the addition of new information, different voices and novel perspectives. In papers published in this special edition of Injury Prevention, researchers take steps to describe the traffic safety conditions that occurred during the pandemicrelated travel restrictions in Connecticut and Japan and on car seat checks. Their work helps build the case for countermeasure development and implementation that will save lives and prevent needless injuries from motor vehicle crashes. The mission of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is to save lives, prevent injuries and reduce economic costs due to road traffic crashes, through education, research, safety standards and enforcement. In furtherance of this mission, the Agency spends considerable resources tracking road traffic injuries and deaths and works with States to access and analyze these data. As States began reporting their second quarter (April, May and June) data, NHTSA saw a departure from historical trends. Historically, when vehicle miles travelled (VMT) decrease, fatalities also go down. While the number of road traffic deaths in the second quarter decreased year over year, the VMT decreased even more, resulting in a higher fatality rate. Understanding why became a priority. NHTSA conducted a synthesis of nontraditional data to help understand this traffic safety environment. State and national data suggest that several factors contributed to the increase in the fatality rate. First, there is evidence of an increase in ejection rates among people who were in crashes, suggesting a decrease in the seat belt use rate of vehicle occupants. This ejection rate increase was heavily tilted towards male individuals, people aged 18–35 years, and those in rural areas. Second, according to State data and other reports, speeding was more prevalent on the roads. The reduction in traffic volume coupled with a probable reduction in law enforcement activity provided drivers a greater opportunity to speed. Finally, there is evidence of increased alcohol use and higher drug use, including marijuana and opioids. This is reflected in NHTSA’s newly released research from five trauma centres, which revealed a higher prevalence of alcohol, cannabinoids and opioids in drivers who were crash victims during the public health emergency compared with the period immediately preceding the emergency. The experience in Japan documented by Inada, Ashraf and Campbell provides valuable insights on enforcement, speeding and changes in the types of fatal crashes observed during the pandemicrelated lockdown and immediately after restrictions were eased. They observed an increase in the proportion of speedingrelated fatalities in April 2020; however, they observed a return","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38850495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
State-of-the-art review: preventing child and youth pedestrian motor vehicle collisions: critical issues and future directions. 最新技术综述:预防儿童和青少年行人机动车辆碰撞:关键问题和未来方向。
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-04 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043829
Marie-Soleil Cloutier, Emilie Beaulieu, Liraz Fridman, Alison K Macpherson, Brent E Hagel, Andrew William Howard, Tony Churchill, Pamela Fuselli, Colin Macarthur, Linda Rothman
{"title":"State-of-the-art review: preventing child and youth pedestrian motor vehicle collisions: critical issues and future directions.","authors":"Marie-Soleil Cloutier,&nbsp;Emilie Beaulieu,&nbsp;Liraz Fridman,&nbsp;Alison K Macpherson,&nbsp;Brent E Hagel,&nbsp;Andrew William Howard,&nbsp;Tony Churchill,&nbsp;Pamela Fuselli,&nbsp;Colin Macarthur,&nbsp;Linda Rothman","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To undertake a comprehensive review of the best available evidence related to risk factors for child pedestrian motor vehicle collision (PMVC), as well as identification of established and emerging prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles on risk factors were identified through a search of English language publications listed in Medline, Embase, Transport, SafetyLit, Web of Science, CINHAL, Scopus and PsycINFO within the last 30 years (~1989 onwards).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This state-of-the-art review uses the road safety Safe System approach as a new lens to examine three risk factor domains affecting child pedestrian safety (built environment, drivers and vehicles) and four cross-cutting critical issues (reliable collision and exposure data, evaluation of interventions, evidence-based policy and intersectoral collaboration).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Research conducted over the past 30 years has reported extensively on child PMVC risk factors. The challenge facing us now is how to move these findings into action and intervene to reduce the child PMVC injury and fatality rates worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38570001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Sex-specific and age-specific suicide mortality by method in 58 countries between 2000 and 2015. 2000年至2015年间58个国家按方法分列的性别和年龄自杀死亡率。
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-08 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043601
Yue Wu, David C Schwebel, Yun Huang, Peishan Ning, Peixia Cheng, Guoqing Hu
{"title":"Sex-specific and age-specific suicide mortality by method in 58 countries between 2000 and 2015.","authors":"Yue Wu,&nbsp;David C Schwebel,&nbsp;Yun Huang,&nbsp;Peishan Ning,&nbsp;Peixia Cheng,&nbsp;Guoqing Hu","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine recent changes in sex-specific and age-specific suicide mortality by method across countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using mortality data from the WHO mortality database, we compared sex-specific, age-specific and country-specific suicide mortality by method between 2000 and 2015. We considered seven major suicide methods: poisoning by pesticides, all other poisoning, firearms and explosives, hanging, jumping from height, drowning and other methods. Changes in suicide mortality were quantified using negative binomial models among three age groups (15-44 years, 45-64 years, and 65 years and above) for males and females separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Suicide mortality declined substantially for both sexes and all three age groups studied in 37 of the 58 included countries between 2000 and 2015. Males consistently had much higher suicide mortality rates than females in all 58 countries. Hanging was the most common suicide method in the majority of 58 countries. Sex-specific suicide mortality varied across 58 countries significantly for all three age groups. The spectrum of suicide method generally remained stable for 28 of 58 included countries; notable changes occurred in the other 30 countries, including especially Colombia, Finland and Trinidad and Tobago.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Likely as a result of prevention efforts as well as sociodemographic changes, suicide mortality decreased substantially in 37 of the included 58 countries between 2000 and 2015. Further actions are needed to explore specific drivers of the recent changes (particularly for increases in eight countries), to understand substantial disparities in suicide rates across countries, and to develop interventions to reduce suicide rates globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043601","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37721009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Average medical cost of fatal and non-fatal injuries by type in the USA. 美国按类型划分的致命和非致命伤害的平均医疗费用。
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043544
Cora Peterson, Likang Xu, Curtis Florence
{"title":"Average medical cost of fatal and non-fatal injuries by type in the USA.","authors":"Cora Peterson, Likang Xu, Curtis Florence","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043544","DOIUrl":"10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the average medical care cost of fatal and non-fatal injuries in the USA comprehensively by injury type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The attributable cost of injuries was estimated by mechanism (eg, fall), intent (eg, unintentional), body region (eg, head and neck) and nature of injury (eg, fracture) among patients injured from 1 October 2014 to 30 September 2015. The cost of fatal injuries was the multivariable regression-adjusted average among patients who died in hospital emergency departments (EDs) or inpatient settings as reported in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and National Inpatient Sample, controlling for demographic (eg, age), clinical (eg, comorbidities) and health insurance (eg, Medicaid) factors. The 1-year attributable cost of non-fatal injuries was assessed among patients with ED-treated injuries using MarketScan medical claims data. Multivariable regression models compared total medical payments (inpatient, outpatient, drugs) among non-fatal injury patients versus matched controls during the year following injury patients' ED visit, controlling for demographic, clinical and insurance factors. All costs are 2015 US dollars.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average medical cost of all fatal injuries was approximately $6880 and $41 570 per ED-based and hospital-based patient, respectively (range by injury type: $4764-$10 289 and $31 912-$95 295). The average attributable 1-year cost of all non-fatal injuries per person initially treated in an ED was approximately $6620 (range by injury type: $1698-$80 172).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Injuries are costly and preventable. Accurate estimates of attributable medical care costs are important to monitor the economic burden of injuries and help to prioritise cost-effective public health prevention activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"24-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326639/pdf/nihms-1068270.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37501523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Building capacity for injury prevention: a process evaluation of a replication of the Cardiff Violence Prevention Programme in the Southeastern USA. 更正:伤害预防能力建设:美国东南部卡迪夫暴力预防方案复制的过程评估。
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043127corr1
{"title":"Correction: <i>Building capacity for injury prevention: a process evaluation of a replication of the Cardiff Violence Prevention Programme in the Southeastern USA</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043127corr1","DOIUrl":"10.1136/injuryprev-2018-043127corr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9355041/pdf/nihms-1823164.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38290811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Demographic changes in US trampoline-related injuries from 1998 to 2017: cause for alarm. 1998年至2017年美国蹦床相关伤害的人口变化:值得警惕。
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-09 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043501
Ryan E Fitzgerald, Serena M Freiman, Robert Kulwin, Randall Loder
{"title":"Demographic changes in US trampoline-related injuries from 1998 to 2017: cause for alarm.","authors":"Ryan E Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Serena M Freiman,&nbsp;Robert Kulwin,&nbsp;Randall Loder","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recreational sports facilities with trampolines have become increasingly popular, and trampoline-related injuries incurred have been increasing. The goal of this study was to determine impact of recreational sports facilities on trampoline-associated injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An epidemiological study was performed using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). All patients in the NEISS database coded for trampoline injury were included. Statistical analyses were performed comparing home trampoline injuries (HTIs) and recreational sports facilities-related trampoline injuries (RSIs) for standard demographic variables using appropriated weighted statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were an estimated 1 376 659 emergency department (ED) visits for trampoline related injuries from 1998 to 2017; 125 811 were RSIs and 1 227 881 were HTIs. Between 2004 and 2017, the number of RSIs increased rapidly, while HTIs decreased. RSIs more often presented to large hospitals and HTIs to smaller ones. Strain/sprains were more associated with RSIs, whereas HTIs sustained more internal organ injuries. Lower extremity fractures occurred more frequently in RSIs and upper extremity fractures in HTIs. There was a greater percentage of RSIs in 15-34 years old age group (28.2% vs 13.6%). There were no differences by gender and race between HTIs and RSIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rapid expansion in recreational sports facilities with trampolines coincided with increasing RSIs. RSIs differed from HTIs regarding changes over time, hospital size, diagnosis and injury location. Recreational sports facilities with trampolines pose a public health hazard.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37721008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Approaching autonomous driving with cautious optimism: analysis of road traffic injuries involving autonomous vehicles based on field test data. 谨慎乐观地接近自动驾驶:基于现场测试数据的自动驾驶车辆道路交通伤害分析。
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-01-08 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043402
Wanbao Ye, Chuanlin Wang, Fuxiang Chen, Shuzhen Yan, Liping Li
{"title":"Approaching autonomous driving with cautious optimism: analysis of road traffic injuries involving autonomous vehicles based on field test data.","authors":"Wanbao Ye,&nbsp;Chuanlin Wang,&nbsp;Fuxiang Chen,&nbsp;Shuzhen Yan,&nbsp;Liping Li","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the patterns and associated factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) involving autonomous vehicles (AVs) and to discuss the public health implications and challenges of autonomous driving.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from the reports of traffic crashes involving AVs. All the reports were submitted to the California Department of Motor Vehicles by manufacturers with permission to operate AV test on public roads. Descriptive analysis and χ<sup>2</sup> analysis or Fisher's exact test was conducted to describe the injury patterns and to examine the influencing factors of injury outcomes, respectively. Binary logistic regression using the Wald test was employed to calculate the OR, adjusted OR (AOR) and 95% CIs. A two-tailed probability (p<0.05) was adopted to indicate statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>133 reports documented 24 individuals injured in 19 crashes involving AVs, with the overestimated incidence rate of 18.05 per 100 crashes. 70.83% of the injured were AV occupants, replacing vulnerable road users as the leading victims. Head and neck were the most commonly injured locations. Driving in poor lighting was at greater risk of RTIs (AOR 6.37, 95% CI 1.47 to 27.54). Collisions with vulnerable road users or incidents happening during commute periods led to a greater number of victims (p<0.05). Autonomous mode cannot perform better than conventional mode in road traffic safety to date (p=0.468).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Poor lighting improvement and the regulation of commute-period traffic and vulnerable road users should be strengthened for AV-related road safety. So far AVs have not demonstrated the potential to dramatically reduce RTIs. Cautious optimism about AVs is more advisable, and multifaceted efforts, including legislation, smarter roads, and knowledge dissemination campaigns, are fairly required to accelerate the development and acceptance.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37524621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Changes in intimate partner violence during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. 美国COVID-19大流行初期亲密伴侣暴力的变化
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043831
Katelyn K Jetelina, Gregory Knell, Rebecca J Molsberry
{"title":"Changes in intimate partner violence during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA.","authors":"Katelyn K Jetelina,&nbsp;Gregory Knell,&nbsp;Rebecca J Molsberry","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study is to describe intimate partner violence (IPV) severity and types of victimization during the early states of the COVID19 pandemic. A survey was distributed through social media and email distribution lists. The survey was open for 14 days in April 2020 and 2441 participated. Information on IPV, COVID19-related IPV severity, sociodemographics, and COVID19-related behaviors (eg, job loss) were collected. Regression models were used to evaluate COVID19-related IPV severity across victimization types and sociodemographics. 18% screened positive for IPV. Among the respondents that screened positive, 54% stated the victimization remained the same since the COVID19 outbreak, while 17% stated it worsened and 30% stated it got better. The odds of worsening victimization during the pandemic was significantly higher among physical and sexual violence. While the majority of IPV participants reported victimization to remain the same, sexual and physical violence was exacerbated during the early stages of the pandemic. Addressing victimization during the pandemic (and beyond) must be multi-sectorial.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"93-97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043831","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38333394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
Determinants, circumstances and consequences of injurious falls among older women living in the community. 生活在社区的老年妇女受伤跌倒的决定因素、情况和后果。
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043499
Elizabeth A Phelan, Eileen Rillamas-Sun, Lisa Johnson, Michael J LaMonte, David M Buchner, Andrea Z LaCroix, Garnet L Anderson
{"title":"Determinants, circumstances and consequences of injurious falls among older women living in the community.","authors":"Elizabeth A Phelan,&nbsp;Eileen Rillamas-Sun,&nbsp;Lisa Johnson,&nbsp;Michael J LaMonte,&nbsp;David M Buchner,&nbsp;Andrea Z LaCroix,&nbsp;Garnet L Anderson","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the risk factors of women who fell with injury relative to women who did not fall or fell without injury and to describe the circumstances and consequences of injurious and non-injurious falls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 5074 older women from the Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study who prospectively tracked their falls using a 13-month calendar. Women with a reported fall were phone interviewed about fall-related details, including injuries. Risk factors were identified from surveys and clinical home visits. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for injurious falls relative to not falling or falling without injury. Circumstances of injurious and non-injurious falls were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At least one fall was experienced by 1481 (29%) participants. Of these, 1043 were phone interviewed, of whom 430 (41%) reported at least one injurious fall. Relative to not falling, the risk factor most strongly associated with experiencing an injurious fall was having fallen ≥2 times (OR 4.0, CI 2.7 to 5.8) in the past year. Being black was protective for fall-related injury (OR 0.6, CI 0.4 to 0.9). No strong associations in risk factors were observed for injurious relative to non-injurious falls. Injurious falls were more likely to occur away from and outside of the home (p<0.05). Over half of those who injured self-managed their injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Falling repeatedly is a powerful risk factor for injurious falls. Those who have fallen more than once should be prioritised for interventions to mitigate the risk of an injurious fall.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37545488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
COVID-19 lockdown and fatal motor vehicle collisions due to speed-related traffic violations in Japan: a time-series study. 日本因超速相关交通违规导致的COVID-19封锁和致命机动车辆碰撞:一项时间序列研究
IF 3.7
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-16 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043947
Haruhiko Inada, Lamisa Ashraf, Sachalee Campbell
{"title":"COVID-19 lockdown and fatal motor vehicle collisions due to speed-related traffic violations in Japan: a time-series study.","authors":"Haruhiko Inada,&nbsp;Lamisa Ashraf,&nbsp;Sachalee Campbell","doi":"10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between March and May 2020, Japan experienced a lockdown due to the COVID-19 crisis. Empty roads possibly triggered speed-related traffic violations that caused fatal motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). Using police data on the monthly number of fatal MVCs between January 2010 and February 2020 in which motor vehicle drivers were at fault, we forecasted the numbers of fatal MVCs due to the speed-related violations during the lockdown and compared these with those observed. We also compared the observed to forecasted using the ratio of the number of speed-related fatal MVCs to that of non-speed related fatal MVCs. The observed numbers of speed-related fatal MVCs were within the 95% CIs of the forecasted numbers. The observed ratio was higher than the forecasted ratio in April (p=0.016). In the second month of the lockdown, drivers were more likely to commit speed-related violations that caused fatal MVCs than before the lockdown.</p>","PeriodicalId":520647,"journal":{"name":"Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"98-100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043947","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38502994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 55
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