Environmental health : a global access science source最新文献

{"title":"Birch pollen, air pollution and their interactive effects on airway symptoms and peak expiratory flow in allergic asthma during pollen season - a panel study in Northern and Southern Sweden.","authors":"Hanne Krage Carlsen,&nbsp;Susanna Lohman Haga,&nbsp;David Olsson,&nbsp;Annelie F Behndig,&nbsp;Lars Modig,&nbsp;Kadri Meister,&nbsp;Bertil Forsberg,&nbsp;Anna-Carin Olin","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00871-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00871-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence of the role of interactions between air pollution and pollen exposure in subjects with allergic asthma is limited and need further exploration to promote adequate preventive measures. The objective of this study was to assess effects of exposure to ambient air pollution and birch pollen on exacerbation of respiratory symptoms in subjects with asthma and allergy to birch.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-seven subjects from two Swedish cities (Gothenburg and Umeå) with large variation in exposure to both birch-pollen and air pollutants, participated in the study. All subjects had confirmed allergy to birch and self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma. The subjects recorded respiratory symptoms such as rhinitis or eye irritation, dry cough, dyspnoea, the use of any asthma or allergy medication and peak respiratory flow (PEF), daily for five consecutive weeks during two separate pollen seasons and a control season without pollen. Nitrogen oxides (NO_x), ozone (O₃), particulate matter (PM_2.5), birch pollen counts, and meteorological data were obtained from an urban background monitoring stations in the study city centres. The data were analysed using linear mixed effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During pollen seasons all symptoms and medication use were higher, and PEF was reduced in the subjects. In regression analysis, exposure to pollen at lags 0 to 2 days, and lags 0 to 6 days was associated with increased ORs of symptoms and decreased RRs for PEF. Pollen and air pollution interacted in some cases; during low pollen exposure, there were no associations between air pollution and symptoms, but during high pollen exposure, O₃ concentrations were associated with increased OR of rhinitis or eye irritation, and PM_2.5 concentrations were associated with increased ORs of rhinitis or eye irritation, dyspnea and increased use of allergy medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pollen and air pollutants interacted to increase the effect of air pollution on respiratory symptoms in allergic asthma. Implementing the results from this study, advisories for individuals with allergic asthma could be improved, minimizing the morbidities associated with the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9258213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a framework for systematic reviews of the prevalence of exposure to environmental and occupational risk factors.","authors":"Frank Pega, Natalie C Momen, Lisa Bero, Paul Whaley","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00878-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-022-00878-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure prevalence studies (as here defined) record the prevalence of exposure to environmental and occupational risk factors to human health. Applying systematic review methods to the synthesis of these studies would improve the rigour and transparency of normative products produced based on this evidence (e.g., exposure prevalence estimates). However, a dedicated framework, including standard methods and tools, for systematically reviewing exposure prevalence studies has yet to be created. We describe the need for this framework and progress made towards it through a series of such systematic reviews that the World Health Organization and the International Labour Organization conducted for their WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates).We explain that existing systematic review frameworks for environmental and occupational health cannot be directly applied for the generation of exposure prevalence estimates because they seek to synthesise different types of evidence (e.g., intervention or exposure effects on health) for different purposes (e.g., identify intervention effectiveness or exposure toxicity or carcinogenicity). Concepts unique to exposure prevalence studies (e.g., \"expected heterogeneity\": the real, non-spurious variability in exposure prevalence due to exposure changes over space and/or time) also require new assessment methods. A framework for systematic reviews of prevalence of environmental and occupational exposures requires adaptation of existing methods (e.g., a standard protocol) and development of new tools or approaches (e.g., for assessing risk of bias and certainty of a body of evidence, including exploration of expected heterogeneity).As part of the series of systematic reviews for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates, the World Health Organization collaborating with partners has created a preliminary framework for systematic reviews of prevalence studies of exposures to occupational risk factors. This included development of protocol templates, data extraction templates, a risk of bias assessment tool, and an approach for assessing certainty of evidence in these studies. Further attention and efforts are warranted from scientific and policy communities, especially exposure scientists and policy makers, to establish a standard framework for comprehensive and transparent systematic reviews of studies estimating prevalence of exposure to environmental and occupational risk factors, to improve estimates, risk assessments and guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9258093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40565149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediation effects of thyroid function in the associations between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism in adults.","authors":"Han-Bin Huang,&nbsp;Po-Keng Cheng,&nbsp;Chi-Ying Siao,&nbsp;Yuan-Ting C Lo,&nbsp;Wei-Chun Chou,&nbsp;Po-Chin Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00873-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00873-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phthalates are a group of industrial chemicals widely used in everyday products including cosmetics, food packaging and containers, plastics, and building materials. Previous studies have indicated that urinary phthalate metabolites are associated with metabolic effects including those on lipid metabolism, but the results are mixed. Furthermore, whether thyroid function mediates the association between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism remains unclear. In the present study, we explored whether changes in thyroid function markers mediate the associations between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism indicators in Taiwanese adults. The cross-sectional data were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants conducted in 2013. Levels of 11 urinary phthalate metabolites, levels of 5 thyroid hormones, and 8 indicators of lipid metabolism were assessed in 222 Taiwanese adults. The relationships of urinary phthalate metabolite levels with serum thyroid hormone levels and lipid metabolism indicators were explored using multiple regression models. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of thyroid function in the association between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism. The metabolite of di(- 2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHPm) exhibited a significant positive association with the lipid metabolite indicator of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; β = 0.059, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.009, 0.109) in adults, and the thyroid function indicator thyroxine (T₄) had a significant negative association with the metabolite ∑DEHPm (β = - 0.059, 95% CI = - 0.101, - 0.016) and a significant negative association with HDL-C (β = - 0.284, 95% CI = - 0.440, - 0.128). The T₄ indirect effect was 0.015 (95% CI = - 0.0087, 0.05), and the mediation effect was 32.2%. Our results support the assumption that exposure to phthalates influences the homeostasis of lipid metabolism by interfering with thyroid function.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9248169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40464064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleural mesothelioma risk by industry and occupation: results from the Multicentre Italian Study on the Etiology of Mesothelioma (MISEM).","authors":"Enrica Migliore,&nbsp;Dario Consonni,&nbsp;Susan Peters,&nbsp;Roel C H Vermeulen,&nbsp;Hans Kromhout,&nbsp;Antonio Baldassarre,&nbsp;Domenica Cavone,&nbsp;Elisabetta Chellini,&nbsp;Corrado Magnani,&nbsp;Carolina Mensi,&nbsp;Enzo Merler,&nbsp;Marina Musti,&nbsp;Alessandro Marinaccio,&nbsp;Dario Mirabelli","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00869-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00869-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Italian mesothelioma registry (ReNaM) estimates mesothelioma incidence and addresses its etiology by assessing cases' exposures but cannot provide relative risk estimates.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>i) To estimate pleural mesothelioma relative risk by industry and occupation and by ReNaM categories of asbestos exposure; and ii) to provide quantitative estimates of the exposure-response relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based mesothelioma case-control study was conducted in 2012-2014 in five Italian regions. Cases and age and gender frequency-matched controls were interviewed using a standard ReNaM questionnaire. Experts coded work histories according to international standard classifications of industries/occupations and assigned asbestos exposure according to ReNaM categories. Job codes were further linked to SYN-JEM, a quantitative job-exposure matrix. Cumulative exposure (CE, f/mL-years) was computed by summing individual exposures over lifetime work history. Unconditional logistic regression analyses adjusted by gender, centre and age were fitted to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among men we observed increased risks of mesothelioma in many industries and associated occupations, including: asbestos-cement (OR = 3.43), manufacture of railroad equipment (OR = 8.07), shipbuilding and repairing (OR = 2.34), iron and steel mills (OR = 2.15), and construction (OR = 1.94). ORs by ReNaM exposure categories were as follows: definite/probable occupational exposure (OR = 15.8, men; OR = 8.80, women), possible occupational (OR = 2.82, men; OR = 3.70, women), sharing home with an exposed worker (OR = 2.55, men; OR = 10.3, women), residential (OR = 2.14, men; OR = 3.24, women). Based on SYN-JEM, mesothelioma risk increased by almost 30% per f/mL-year (OR = 1.28, CI 1.16-1.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Out study involved five regions with historically different types and levels of industrial development, encompassing one third of the Italian population and half of Italian mesothelioma cases. As expected, we found increased pleural mesothelioma risk in the asbestos industry and in trades with large consumption of asbestos materials. Clear associations were found using both qualitative (ReNaM classifications) and quantitative estimates (using SYN-JEM) of past asbestos exposure, with clear evidence of an exposure-response relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9206310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39990171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hypothesis to derive the shape of the dose-response curve for teratogenic radiation effects.","authors":"Alfred Körblein","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00837-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00837-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports of adverse pregnancy outcomes after in utero exposure to very low levels of ionizing radiation are inconsistent with a threshold dose of 100 mSv for teratogenic effects in humans. In the present study, it is hypothesized that the shape of the dose-response relationship for teratogenic effects is a cumulative lognormal distribution without threshold. This hypothesis relies on the assumption that both doses and radiosensitivities in human populations exposed to ionizing radiation are random variables, modeled by lognormal density functions. Here, radiosensitivity is defined as the dose limit up to which radiation damage can be repaired by the cellular repair systems, in short, the repair capacity. Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate N pairs of individual doses and repair capacities. Radiation damage occurs whenever the dose exceeds the related repair capacity. The rate of radiation damage is the number of damages, divided by the number N of pairs. Monte Carlo simulation is conducted for a sufficient number of ascending median doses. The shape of the dose-response relationship is determined by regression of damage rates on mean dose. Regression with a cumulative lognormal distribution function yields a perfect fit to the data. Acceptance of the hypothesis means that studies of adverse health effects following in-utero exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation should not be discarded primarily because they contradict the concept of a threshold dose for teratogenic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8829992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39604193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between increasing agricultural use of 2,4-D and population biomarkers of exposure: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2014.","authors":"Marlaina S Freisthler,&nbsp;C Rebecca Robbins,&nbsp;Charles M Benbrook,&nbsp;Heather A Young,&nbsp;David M Haas,&nbsp;Paul D Winchester,&nbsp;Melissa J Perry","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00815-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00815-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most extensively used herbicides in the United States. In 2012, 2,4-D was the most widely used herbicide in non-agricultural settings and the fifth most heavily applied pesticide in the US agricultural sector. The objective of this study was to examine trends in 2,4-D urinary biomarker concentrations to determine whether increases in 2,4-D application in agriculture are associated with increases in biomonitoring levels of urine 2,4-D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with available urine 2,4-D biomarker measurements from survey cycles between 2001 and 2014 were utilized. Urine 2,4-D values were dichotomized using the highest limit of detection (LOD) across all cycles (0.40 μg/L or 0.4 ppb). Agricultural use of 2,4-D was estimated by compiling publicly available federal and private pesticide application data. Logistic regression models adjusted for confounders were fitted to evaluate the association between agricultural use of 2,4-D and urine 2,4-D level above the dichotomization threshold.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 14,395 participants included in the study, 4681 (32.5%) had urine 2,4-D levels above the dichotomization threshold. The frequency of participants with high 2,4-D levels increased significantly (p < .0001), from a low of 17.1% in 2001-2002 to a high of 39.6% in 2011-2012. The adjusted odds of high urinary 2,4-D concentrations associated with 2,4-D agricultural use (per ten million pounds applied) was 2.268 (95% CI: 1.709, 3.009). Children ages 6-11 years (n = 2288) had 2.1 times higher odds of having high 2,4-D urinary concentrations compared to participants aged 20-59 years. Women of childbearing age (age 20-44 years) (n = 2172) had 1.85 times higher odds than men of the same age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Agricultural use of 2,4-D has increased substantially from a low point in 2002 and it is predicted to increase further in the coming decade. Because increasing use is likely to increase population level exposures, the associations seen here between 2,4-D crop application and biomonitoring levels require focused biomonitoring and epidemiological evaluation to determine the extent to which rising use and exposures cause adverse health outcomes among vulnerable populations (particularly children and women of childbearing age) and highly exposed individuals (farmers, other herbicide applicators, and their families).</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8830015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of venous thromboembolism in a large administrative cohort.","authors":"Matteo Renzi,&nbsp;Massimo Stafoggia,&nbsp;Paola Michelozzi,&nbsp;Marina Davoli,&nbsp;Francesco Forastiere,&nbsp;Angelo G Solimini","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00834-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00834-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Venous thromboembolisms (VTE) are one of the most frequent cause among the cardiovascular diseases. Despite the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular outcomes have been widely explored in epidemiological literature, little is known about the air pollution related effects on VTE. We aimed to evaluate this association in a large administrative cohort in 15 years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Air pollution exposure (NO₂, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) was derived by land use regression models obtained by the ESCAPE framework. Administrative health databases were used to identify VTE cases. To estimate the association between air pollutant exposures and risk of hospitalizations for VTE (in total and divided in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)), we used Cox regression models, considering individual, environmental (noise and green areas), and contextual characteristics. Finally, we considered potential effect modification for individual covariates and previous comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 1,954 prevalent cases at baseline and 20,304 cases during the follow-up period. We found positive associations between PM_2.5 exposures and DVT, PE and VTE with hazard ratios (HRs) up to 1.082 (95% confidence intervals: 0.992, 1.181), 1.136 (0.994, 1.298) and 1.074 (0.996, 1.158) respectively for 10 μg/m³ increases. The association was stronger in younger subjects (< 70 years old compared to > 70 years old) and among those who had cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of pollutants on PE and VTE hospitalizations, although marginally non-significant, should be interpreted as suggestive of a health effect that deserves attention in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8793234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39964235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling present and future climate risk of dengue outbreak, a case study in New Caledonia.","authors":"Noé Ochida,&nbsp;Morgan Mangeas,&nbsp;Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol,&nbsp;Cyril Dutheil,&nbsp;Carole Forfait,&nbsp;Alexandre Peltier,&nbsp;Elodie Descloux,&nbsp;Christophe Menkes","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00829-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00829-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dengue dynamics result from the complex interactions between the virus, the host and the vector, all being under the influence of the environment. Several studies explored the link between weather and dengue dynamics and some investigated the impact of climate change on these dynamics. Most attempted to predict incidence rate at a country scale or assess the environmental suitability at a global or regional scale. Here, we propose a new approach which consists in modeling the risk of dengue outbreak at a local scale according to climate conditions and study the evolution of this risk taking climate change into account. We apply this approach in New Caledonia, where high quality data are available.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a statistical estimation of the effective reproduction number (R_t) based on case counts to create a categorical target variable : epidemic week/non-epidemic week. A machine learning classifier has been trained using relevant climate indicators in order to estimate the probability for a week to be epidemic under current climate data and this probability was then estimated under climate change scenarios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weekly probability of dengue outbreak was best predicted with the number of days when maximal temperature exceeded 30.8°C and the mean of daily precipitation over 80 and 60 days prior to the predicted week respectively. According to scenario RCP8.5, climate will allow dengue outbreak every year in New Caledonia if the epidemiological and entomological contexts remain the same.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified locally relevant climatic factor driving dengue outbreaks in New Caledonia and assessed the inter-annual and seasonal risk of dengue outbreak under different climate change scenarios up to the year 2100. We introduced a new modeling approach to estimate the risk of dengue outbreak depending on climate conditions. This approach is easily reproducible in other countries provided that reliable epidemiological and climate data are available.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8772089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39933035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between ambient particulate matter exposure and semen quality in fertile men.","authors":"Wei Wu,&nbsp;Yiqiu Chen,&nbsp;Yuting Cheng,&nbsp;Qiuqin Tang,&nbsp;Feng Pan,&nbsp;Naijun Tang,&nbsp;Zhiwei Sun,&nbsp;Xinru Wang,&nbsp;Stephanie J London,&nbsp;Yankai Xia","doi":"10.1186/s12940-022-00831-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00831-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have suggested adverse effects of particulate matter (PM) exposure on male reproductive health; few have investigated the association between PM exposure and semen quality in a large population of fertile men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated 14 parameters of semen quality in 1554 fertile men in Nanjing from 2014 to 2016. Individual exposure to particular matter ≤10 μm in diameter (PM₁₀) and ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM_2.5) during key periods of sperm development (0-90, 0-9, 10-14, 15-69, and 70-90 days before semen collection) were estimated by inverse distance weighting interpolation. Associations between PM exposure and semen quality were estimated using multivariable linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher 90-days average PM_2.5 was in association with decreased sperm motility (2.21% for total motility, 1.93% for progressive motility per 10 μg/m³ increase, P <  0.001) and four quantitative aspects of sperm motion (curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), P <  0.01). The association between PM_2.5 exposure and semen quality were generally stronger for the earlier exposure window (70-90 days prior to ejaculation) than for recent exposure (0-9, 10-14, or 15-69 days). In the subgroup of men who had normal sperm parameters (n = 1019), similar results were obtained. Ninety-days PM₁₀ exposure was associated only with decreased VCL and VAP and was not related to sperm concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to PM_2.5 adversely affects semen quality, specifically lower sperm motility, in fertile men.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8762955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39824224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of particulate matter on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases: an ecological study based on 12.5 years of time series data in Shanghai.","authors":"Wenjia Peng,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Li Peng,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Weibing Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12940-021-00828-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-021-00828-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous epidemiological studies on the association between short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) with hospital admission in major cities in China were limited to shorter study periods or a single hospital. The aim of this ecological study based on a 12.5-year time series was to investigate the association of short-term exposure to PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) and aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM₁₀) with hospital admissions for respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Daily hospital admissions data were from the Shanghai Medical Insurance System for the period January 1, 2008 to July 31, 2020. We estimated the percentage change with its 95% confidence interval (CI) for each 10 μg/m³ increase in the level of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ after adjustment for calendar time, day of the week, public holidays, and meteorological factors applying a generalized additive model with a quasi-Poisson distribution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1,960,361 hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Shanghai during the study period. A 10 μg/m³ increase in the level of each class of PM was associated with increased total respiratory diseases when the lag time was 0 day (PM_2.5: 0.755%; 95% CI: 0.422, 1.089%; PM₁₀: 0.250%; 95% CI: 0.042, 0.459%). The PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ levels also had positive associations with admissions for COPD, asthma, and pneumonia. Stratified analyses demonstrated stronger effects in patients more than 45 years old and during the cold season. Total respiratory diseases increased linearly with PM concentration from 0 to 100 μg/m³, and increased more slowly at higher PM concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This time-series study suggests that short-term exposure to PM increased the risk for hospital admission for respiratory diseases, even at low concentrations. These findings suggest that reducing atmospheric PM concentrations may reduce hospital admissions for respiratory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520610,"journal":{"name":"Environmental health : a global access science source","volume":" ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8756174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39680736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}