Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)最新文献

{"title":"BRAF Mutation and Tumor Growth Kinetics during Active Surveillance of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jinyoung Kim, Min Kyoung Lee, Tae-Jung Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Ki-Hyun Baek","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2821","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgruound: </strong>We investigated tumor volume doubling time (TVDT) during active surveillance of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and reviewed clinical factors including BRAF mutation associated with tumor progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with PTMC who deferred surgery for more than 1 year after diagnosis between 2014 and 2021 and were followed until 2023 were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were papillary thyroid carcinoma confirmed by fine needle aspiration cytology (Bethesda categories V-VI), maximal tumor diameter ≤1 cm, and available BRAF mutation testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 85 patients were included. The median age was 49 years, and 63 patients (74%) were female. The positivity rate for BRAF mutation was 51% in the study cohort, and 16 patients (19%) showed rapid-growing disease, defined by a TVDT of less than 5 years. The median follow-up duration was 4.4 years, and 23 patients (27%) underwent surgery after a median of 3.2 years. When TVDT groups were analyzed using logistic regression, sonographic features with microcalcification were associated with tumor growth in binary regression (odds ratio for the group combining slowly and rapid-growing disease was 4.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41 to 13.35; P=0.010), and BRAF mutation was associated with rapid-growing disease in multinomial regression (odds ratio for rapid-growing disease was 4.48; 95% CI, 1.08 to 18.51; P=0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BRAF mutation is presumed to be associated with tumor progression and may predict growth of PTMC. Genetic testing including BRAF testing may help distinguishing rapid-growing thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":"461-469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13341190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steatotic Liver Disease Subtypes and Advanced Fibrosis as Independent Predictors of Ischemic Stroke in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Myunghwa Jang, Gyuri Kim, Kyu-Na Lee, Rosa Oh, So Hyun Cho, Ji Yoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, the extent to which steatotic liver disease (SLD) subtypes and advanced liver fibrosis confer additional risk in individuals with T2DM remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of SLD categories and/or advanced liver fibrosis with ischemic stroke risk among patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,220,249 patients with T2DM were classified into five groups: no steatosis, MASLD, MASLD with other combined disease, metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related steatotic liver disease (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) with metabolic dysfunction (MD). SLD was defined using a fatty liver index (FLI) of ≥30, and advanced fibrosis was defined by a BARD score of ≥2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 11 years, 135,482 ischemic strokes (6.10%) occurred. Compared with no steatosis, adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for stroke were higher in MASLD (aHR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 1.11), MASLD with combined disease (aHR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.17), MetALD (aHR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.16), and ALD with MD (aHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.37). Advanced fibrosis progressively increased stroke risk compared with non-SLD and non-fibrotic SLD. Compared with the FLI <30 group, those with FLI 30-60 and ≥60 showed increased aHRs for stroke. Very heavy drinking was associated with a further increase in risk compared with non-drinking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with T2DM, all SLD categories and advanced liver fibrosis were associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Very heavy alcohol consumption was generally associated with a higher stroke risk across FLI categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remission, Relapse, and Thyroid-Related Parameters Measurement at Discontinuation of Low-Dose Anti-Thyroid Drugs in Graves' Disease.","authors":"Nami Suzuki, Kosuke Inoue, Natsuko Watanabe, Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh, Ai Yoshihara, Miho Fukushita, Masako Matsumoto, Masakazu Koshibu, Rei Hirose, Tatsuya Iida, Kiminori Sugino, Koichi Ito","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between thyroid-related parameters and the prognosis of Graves' disease (GD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included patients newly diagnosed with GD between January 2009 and December 2010. We applied multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the relationships between the parameters at anti-thyroid drug (ATD) discontinuation and GD relapses. We also developed prediction models for GD prognosis based on parameters at ATD initiation and discontinuation using logistic regression and machine learning algorithm (gradient-boosting machine [GBM]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median observation period was 11.3 years. In 1,508 patients who discontinued ATDs after the first course, 1,073 remained in remission, whereas 435 relapsed within a median of 20 months (interquartile range, 10.0 to 49.7). In the Cox model, we found that patients with younger age, higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb), and lower TSH levels at ATD discontinuation were more likely to relapse than those without (per 5-year increase in age: HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.88 to 0.95]; per 1-unit increase in TSH: HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.79 to 0.94]; per 1-unit increase in TRAb: HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.06 to 1.24]). Both logistic regression and GBM demonstrated similar predictive performance (area under the curve, 0.61 to 0.63), showing that age and parameters at both ATD initiation and discontinuation contribute to GD relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TRAb levels at ATD discontinuation may contribute to the prognosis of GD, but they are not sufficient on their own to predict relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147944611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Adipose Inflammation Despite Metabolic Recovery Reveals Tissue-Specific Immunomodulation by Tirzepatide.","authors":"Mihye Seo, Maria Averia, Vivi Julietta, Shindy Soedono, Esther Jin Joo, Ellen Budiono, Minjoon Lee, Min-Kyu Kim, Yongsung Hwang, Hyeong Kyu Park, Kyoil Suh, Kae Won Cho","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis of adipose tissue; however, the extent to which these pathological features persist during pharmacologically induced weight loss remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of tirzepatide, a dual agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptors, on adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis in obese mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diet-induced obesity was treated with tirzepatide or vehicle for 25 days. Metabolic parameters, tissue inflammation, fibrosis, and macrophage activation were assessed using histology, flow cytometry, gene expression analyses, and immunoblotting. In vitro experiments were conducted to compare the effects of tirzepatide on classically activated and metabolically activated macrophages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tirzepatide significantly reduced body weight and adiposity, increased energy expenditure, and upregulated thermogenic and mitochondrial proteins in brown adipose tissue. Hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance were normalized. However, adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis persisted despite weight loss, as evidenced by sustained immune cell infiltration, collagen deposition, and activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) signaling. In contrast, hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were substantially improved. Mechanistically, tirzepatide suppressed inflammatory gene expression in classically activated macrophages but not in metabolically activated macrophages, suggesting that the local metabolic context determines tissue responsiveness to its anti-inflammatory actions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tirzepatide exerts distinct tissue-specific effects on inflammation and fibrosis during weight loss, ameliorating hepatic pathology while sparing adipose tissue inflammation. These findings identify metabolically activated macrophages as potential determinants of tissue-specific inflammatory persistence and underscore the need for therapeutic strategies that target macrophage activation and fibrotic remodeling to achieve durable metabolic benefits during pharmacological weight loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147944623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-Cause Mortality and Secondary Malignancy in Patients with Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma.","authors":"Hyemi Kwon, Bong-Sung Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Cheol-Young Park","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that can be fatal if not diagnosed early or adequately managed. This study investigated the risk of all-cause mortality and secondary malignancies in patients with PPGL compared to age- and sex-matched controls without PPGL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationwide population-based cohort study included 1,672 patients with PPGL and 16,790 controls with a median follow-up of approximately 7.1 years. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 46.5 years and 50.5% were male. All-cause mortality was identified in 118 patients with PPGL (7.06%) and 749 controls (4.46%) during the follow-up period. The incidence of all-cause mortality in patients with PPGL was significantly higher than that in controls (9.92 per 1,000 person-years vs. 6.49 per 1,000 person-years, P=0.0003). The risk of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with PPGL than in the controls (HR, 1.372; 95% CI, 1.124 to 1.675). The risk of secondary malignancies was significantly higher in patients with PPGL than in controls (HR, 1.612; 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.954) after adjusting. Among the various cancer subtypes, thyroid and prostate cancers were observed more frequently in PPGL patients, and these findings should be interpreted as descriptive trends.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with PPGL exhibited significantly increased risks of all-cause mortality and secondary malignancies compared with controls, highlighting the importance of appropriate assessment and follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Alleviates Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Rats Through Inhibiting Inflammation and Modulating Gut/Vaginal Microbiota.","authors":"Xiaoxia Zhang, Mei Liu, Shan Li, Yiwei Li, Junbai Ma, Yuanyuan Liu, Feng Zhang, Jiani Zhang, Ting Wang, Hao Wang","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries, and it is frequently associated with low-grade inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a flax-derived polyphenol, exhibits estrogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study explored the therapeutic potential of dietary SDG in a rat model of PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, model, SDG-treated control, and SDG-treated model. After 3 weeks of PCOS modeling, dietary SDG was administered for 8 weeks. Samples were collected after the intervention for subsequent analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SDG improved estrous cyclicity, ovulation, ovarian morphology, and sex hormone balance. It reduced obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Inflammation was alleviated through reductions in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α, along with an elevation in IL-10. SDG increased splenic regulatory T cells and intestinal γδT cells while reducing ovarian and peritoneal macrophages. Gut microbiota composition was reshaped, with increased abundances of Bifidobacterium, Butyrivibrio, and Ruminiclostridium, and decreased abundances of Bacteroides and Parasutterella. Vaginal microbiota composition improved, as indicated by increased Lactobacillus and decreased Enterobacteriaceae. Plasma lipopolysaccharide levels decreased, whereas short-chain fatty acids increased. Metabolomic analysis highlighted alterations in histidine metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDG ameliorates PCOS by suppressing inflammation and modulating gut and vaginal microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Multiple Obesity-Related Composite Indices with All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stage 0-3 Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.","authors":"Jianmin Lu, Jiajin Yang, Zhuoyi Peng, Cilu Huang, Yue Chen, Chuanzhao Zhang, Baohua Hou, Xiaoqing He, Shanzhou Huang","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to determine the predictive ability of eight composite obesity-related indices for all-cause mortality in adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stages 0-3, given the inadequacy of conventional anthropometric measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective cohort study using UK Biobank data, including 261,742 adults with CKM stages 0-3 at baseline. Eight indices (body mass index, relative fat mass [RFM], body roundness index [BRI], lipid accumulation product [LAP], visceral adiposity index, cardiometabolic index [CMI], atherogenic index of plasma, and triglyceride-glucose index) were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling to examine their associations with, and predictive ability for, all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 13,437 deaths (5.1%) occurred. All eight indices were positively associated with mortality (P<0.001). BRI was the strongest predictor (area under the curve [AUC]=0.658; optimal cutoff=4.515), outperforming LAP (AUC=0.616) and CMI (AUC=0.610). RFM exhibited the lowest discriminative ability (AUC=0.502). Higher quartiles of most indices were associated with progressively increased mortality risk, with BRI demonstrating consistent predictive value across subgroups in RCS analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BRI showed the strongest and most consistent association with all-cause mortality in CKM stages 0-3, suggesting that it may act as a robust tool for early risk stratification and support targeted prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Follow-up Course of 17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency in Korea: the OUTSPREAD Multicenter Study.","authors":"Ka Young Kim, Sung Yoon Cho, Min Jee Kim, Hwa Young Kim, Junghwan Suh, Chong Kun Cheon, Hyo-Kyoung Nam, Choong Ho Shin, Young Ah Lee, Yun Jeong Lee","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare congenital adrenal hyperplasia with cortisol and sex steroid deficiency and mineralocorticoid excess. We aimed to describe the phenotypic spectrum and clinical course of Korean patients with 17OHD in a multicenter cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 17 patients with genetically confirmed 17OHD from six tertiary centers in Korea. Demographic, biochemical, and genetic data were reviewed to evaluate clinical variability and long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 17 patients, seven had a 46,XX karyotype and 10 had a 46,XY karyotype; all had female external genitalia and were raised as females. Primary amenorrhea predominated in 46,XX patients; 46,XY patients presented variably (hypertension and hyperpigmentation). The median age at diagnosis was 16.4 years. Higher follicle-stimulating hormone levels (54.2 mIU/mL vs. 18.2 mIU/mL, P=0.003) and less frequent hypokalemia (40.0% vs. 85.7%, P=0.038) were observed in 46,XY patients compared with 46,XX. The most frequent genotype was c.1118A>T (55.9%). At diagnosis, 58.8% of the patients exhibited hypokalemia, resolved with treatment. During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 82.4% had hypertension, and 57.1% achieved normal blood pressure with glucocorticoids and/or antihypertensives. Low bone mineral density was found in 46.2% of the patients, and improvement with sex hormone replacement was observed. Gonadectomy was performed in nine XY patients (90.0%), with no malignancies identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with 17OHD commonly present with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, hypertension, and hypokalemia; however, phenotypic variability exists. Clinicians should consider 17OHD in adolescents with delayed puberty and hypertension, even without classical biochemical findings, to ensure timely diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YTHDF1-Mediated m6A Modification of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 Exacerbates Macrophage Metabolic Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus with Coronary Artery Disease.","authors":"Hongjie Wang, Luyao Li, Zhen Zhen, Zheqi Zhang, Ya Su, Bo Li","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) with coronary artery disease (CAD), referred to as DM-CAD, is a prevalent endocrine-metabolic condition characterized by macrophage-driven inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. This study aims to investigate the role of YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein F1 (YTHDF1)-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in stabilizing the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Opa interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) and to determine its impact on macrophage metabolic dysfunction in DM-CAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing were performed using DM-CAD mouse models, with downstream analyses conducted using Seurat, CellChat, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and random forest algorithms. Experimental validation included RNA immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, actinomycin D-based RNA stability assays, and 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) interventions in THP-1-derived macrophages, alongside metabolomic profiling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased macrophage-endothelial cell coupling was observed in DM-CAD, with both OIP5-AS1 and YTHDF1 significantly upregulated and closely associated with glycolytic metabolic pathways. YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification stabilized OIP5-AS1, thereby promoting glycolysis, foam cell formation, ROS production, plaque development, and the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, collectively exacerbating atherosclerosis. Notably, treatment with 2-DG markedly reversed these pathological phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies the YTHDF1-m6A-OIP5-AS1 axis as a critical regulator of macrophage metabolic dysfunction in DM-CAD, thereby providing an epigenetic framework for understanding disease progression. Targeting this regulatory pathway may attenuate metabolic inflammation and represents a promising therapeutic strategy for endocrine-related cardiovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of the Inflammatory Burden Index in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Subacute Thyroiditis.","authors":"Sumei Wang, Jing Lu, Rui Guo, Xueyang Wang, Bijun Tong, Yan Shen, Hongxiang Xie","doi":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2642","DOIUrl":"10.3803/EnM.2025.2642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study sought to assess the utility of the inflammatory burden index (IBI) in differentiating subacute thyroiditis (SAT) from Graves' disease (GD) and to investigate its association with recovery time, hepatic function impairment, recurrence, and permanent hypothyroidism in patients with SAT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical and laboratory data from 357 adult patients with SAT, 412 patients with GD, and 633 healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed. Determinants influencing recovery time, hepatic function impairment, recurrence, and permanent hypothyroidism in patients with SAT were systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IBI in the SAT cohort was markedly higher than that observed in both patients with GD and healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the optimal IBI cutoff value for distinguishing SAT from GD was 9.13, yielding a diagnostic sensitivity of 90.76%, a specificity of 88.35%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.944 (95% confidence interval, 0.927 to 0.961). The AUC for IBI was markedly superior to those for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, systemic immune-inflammation index, and other complete blood count-derived indices. Among patients with painless SAT, the IBI was markedly elevated compared with that in thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb)-negative GD patients. Stepwise multiple logistic regression identified ESR, IBI, free thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone as independent predictive factors for SAT. IBI was not associated with recovery time in patients with SAT. However, higher IBI values were observed in patients requiring glucocorticoid therapy due to an insufficient response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Furthermore, no significant associations were identified between IBI and hepatic function impairment, recurrence, or permanent hypothyroidism in patients with SAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IBI, as a simple and practical inflammatory biomarker, could potentially serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for differentiating SAT, particularly in diagnostically challenging cases. Moreover, it may have clinical relevance in guiding therapeutic decision- making for patients with SAT.</p>","PeriodicalId":520607,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}