Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Relative Incidence of Multiple Primary Cancers in Male World Trade Center Responders: A Comparison with SEER.","authors":"Wiley M Turner, Yuki Joyama, Christopher R Dasaro, Andrew C Todd, Stephanie Tuminello, Emanuela Taioli","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0165","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>World Trade Center (WTC) responders were exposed to carcinogens during rescue, recovery, and cleanup operations following September 11, 2001. Although responders have an elevated risk of various primary cancers, they may also have an increased risk of second primary cancers. This study evaluates the incidence of multiple primary cancers among male responders compared with a population-based cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assembled a cohort of male WTC general responders with cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2022 and compared them with male patients with cancer from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) diagnosed during the same period. Crude and age-standardized proportion ratios (PR) were used to compare the occurrence of multiple primary cancers between cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,815 WTC responders, we observed a higher age-standardized proportion of multiple primary cancers than among 3,376,402 SEER patients [PR = 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.61-2.11]. The proportion of multiple primary cancers was higher among younger WTC responders than SEER patients (20-44 years: PR = 3.76; 95% CI, 3.04-4.67; 45-54 years: PR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.17-1.58), whereas responders aged 65+ had lower proportions (PR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Male WTC responders experience a higher burden of multiple primary cancers than the general US population, particularly at younger ages, highlighting multiple primary cancers as an underrecognized consequence of WTC exposure.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Enhanced cancer monitoring strategies may be warranted for WTC responders and other populations that have been similarly exposed. See related In the Spotlight, p. 1683.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1709-1714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148201920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated Aging and Risk of Subsequent Neoplasms in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.","authors":"Amy M Berkman, Shalini Bhatia, Sedigheh Mirzaei, Kendrick Li, Cindy Im, Wendy M Leisenring, AnnaLynn M Williams, Adam J Esbenshade, Samah Hayek, Eric J Chow, Lucie M Turcotte, Joseph P Neglia, Michael A Arnold, Deokumar Srivastava, Vikki G Nolan, Kirsten K Ness, Melissa M Hudson, Gregory T Armstrong","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0609","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Survivors of childhood cancer face elevated risks for treatment-related late effects, including subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN). In the general population, accelerated aging is associated with increased malignancy risk; however, this has not been evaluated in survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Survivors enrolled in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study with measures of physiologic frailty, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G), or deficit accumulation index (DAI) data were included. Associations between these measures of accelerated aging with SMNs, benign meningiomas, and nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) were estimated with piecewise exponential models, adjusted for sociodemographic, treatment, and modifiable factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physiologic frailty and CIRS-G were not associated with risk of SMNs, meningiomas, or NMSCs. A higher DAI was only associated with increased risk of benign meningioma but not SMNs or NMSCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accelerated aging measures were not consistently associated with SMN risk in survivors of childhood cancer.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our results confirm that established risk factors, especially treatment exposures, remain critical in the development of SMNs in survivors, reinforcing the importance of risk-adapted therapies and long-term surveillance in survivorship care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1789-1792"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-care models for genetic testing among patients at risk of hereditary cancer: A systematic review.","authors":"Brandie Heald, Holly LaDuca, Deborah Hartzfeld, Gebra Cuyun Carter, Karen L White, Heather A Johnson","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Broadening recommendations for hereditary cancer testing have increased demand for genetics services and prompted alternatives to referral-based pre-test genetic counseling. This systematic review summarized testing models used by non-genetics providers in point-of-care settings and associated clinical outcomes. PubMed and Embase were searched from January 2014 to March 2024. Outcomes included testing uptake, treatment decisions, turnaround time, post-test counseling, and cascade testing. Forty-eight articles reporting 46 studies were included; 41 involved patients with cancer, and 5 included patients with and without cancer. Pre-test education methods included provider-mediated conversations, video, digital platforms, and written materials. Testing uptake ranged from 49% to 100% in patients with cancer and 18% to 87% in mixed populations meeting testing criteria. Among studies with comparison groups, 19 of 20 observed similar or higher testing uptake, and 10 of 11 noted numerically shorter turnaround times with point-of-care testing. Fourteen studies reported test-informed management. Post-test counseling and cascade testing were inconsistently reported. Overall, the diverse studies demonstrated pathways for timely access to testing, often associated with increased uptake and impacts on clinical management; however, most focused on breast, ovarian, or prostate cancer populations in academically affiliated clinics. Further research should evaluate post-test services and equitable implementation in broader settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traffic-Related Air Pollution and the Risk of Invasive and Borderline Epithelial Ovarian Tumors.","authors":"Lysandre Viau, Stéphane Buteau, Anita Koushik","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0435","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ambient air pollution may influence ovarian cancer risk but remains understudied. We examined long-term exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in relation to the risk of invasive and borderline epithelial ovarian tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a 2011 to 2016 population-based case-control study in Greater Montreal (Island of Montreal and North and South shores), 473 cases and 887 controls provided residential postal codes at study participation, which were linked to mean NO2 concentrations from a national land-use regression (LUR) model. Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ovarian cancer overall. Polytomous logistic regression estimated associations for borderline and invasive tumors separately. Sensitivity analyses used NO2 concentrations from an alternative LUR model specific to the Island of Montreal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For each interquartile range (IQR) increment (9.6 ppb) in ambient NO2, the OR (95% CI) of ovarian cancer overall was 1.07 (0.89-1.30) when adjusted for age, education, and area-level income. For borderline tumors, the adjusted OR (95% CI) per IQR of NO2 was 1.36 (0.99-1.87), whereas for invasive cancer it was 0.98 (0.79-1.21). Results were similar using NO2 estimates specific to the Island of Montreal and with adjustment for fine particulate matter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings do not strongly support an association with invasive ovarian cancer but suggest that air pollution, as indicated by NO2 concentrations, may increase the risk of borderline tumors.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study addresses an important gap, given limited previous work on air pollution and ovarian cancer, and brings new findings as the first to analyze borderline and invasive tumors separately.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1744-1751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Bladder Cancer among Male Participants Reporting Nocturia in the Cancer Prevention Study II.","authors":"Charlie Zhong, Matthew Masters, Sidney M Donzella, Donald L Bliwise, Helen M Parsons, Erika Rees-Punia","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0300","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is believed that contact of the urothelial lining to carcinogens induces mutations that lead to cancer. Nocturia, waking up at night to urinate, may void carcinogens and reduce the risk of bladder cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort is a prospective study of cancer incidence that enrolled participants in 1992 with biennial follow-up beginning in 1997. Cases were ascertained through state cancer registry, medical record verification, or death certificate. Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between nocturia and primary incident bladder cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 49,767 males, 2,655 reported being current smokers in 1997 (30,559 former smokers). There were 1,207 bladder cancers over 210 million person-years of follow-up. Adjusting for demographic and health factors, nocturia once per night was associated with a 46% decreased risk of bladder cancer among smokers (HR1/night, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30-0.95; HR2+/night, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.52-1.57). We observed no association among nonsmokers (HR1/night, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.72-1.69; HR2+/night, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.75-1.81) or former smokers (HR1/night, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.92-1.49; HR2+/night, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.87-1.43). Our main findings were no longer statistically significant in 2-year (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.31-1.09) and 5-year lag models (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.32-1.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only nocturia once per night was associated with a lower risk of bladder cancer in current smokers; however, associations were attenuated in lag analyses and no dose-response relationship was observed.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Nocturia may reduce the risk of bladder cancer among smokers. Further work is needed to confirm findings and understand mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1763-1769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148633531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Polygenic Risk Scores to Refine Risk and Outcomes in High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer in Australia.","authors":"Rachel Delahunty, S Sandun M Silva, Ahwan Pandey, Dale W Garsed, Jonathan Beesley, Sian Fereday, Nadia Traficante, Stuart Craig, Linh N Nguyen, Joy Hendley, Elizabeth L Christie, Penelope M Webb, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, David D L Bowtell, Kathryn Alsop, Madawa Jayawardana, Paul A James","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1882","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer is characterized by high mortality and lacks effective screening, making prevention critical. A polygenic risk score (PRS), which aggregates the effects of multiple common alleles, may capture a proportion of currently unexplained genetic risk. Although PRSs have been evaluated for risk prediction, their association with treatment response and survival remains unclear. This study assessed the utility of a PRS for predicting high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) risk in an Australian population and its association with chemotherapy response and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PRSs were calculated for 1,097 cases with HGSOC and 812 controls using data from Australian research programs. Associations among PRS, ovarian cancer risk, chemotherapy response, and survival were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each standard-deviation increase in PRS was associated with a 40% increase in HGSOC risk [odds ratio (OR), 1.40; P < 0.001]. Women in the top 1% of the PRS distribution had a lifetime ovarian cancer risk approaching 3%. Higher PRS values showed a trend toward poorer outcomes; however, these associations were not consistent across analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PRSs were not clearly associated with chemotherapy response or survival but represent a significant risk factor for the development of HGSOC. Incorporating PRS into clinical models may improve risk stratification and support targeted prevention.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>As the first study to evaluate how PRS relates to both HGSOC risk and chemotherapy response and outcomes, we show that PRSs are unlikely to serve as therapeutic biomarkers but support their use for enhanced risk-stratified prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1733-1743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Blistering Sunburns and Keratinocyte Carcinoma Risk in a Nationwide US Cohort.","authors":"Belinda L Gorsuch, Jim Z Mai, Martha S Linet, Michael R Sargen, Mark P Little, Bruce H Alexander, Cari M Kitahara, Elizabeth K Cahoon","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0388","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The large and growing burden of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC), including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), suggests a need to identify high-risk individuals. We examined the association between KC risk and history of blistering sunburns in childhood and adulthood and investigated whether sun sensitivity modifies these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the large, nationwide US Radiologic Technologists cohort, with baseline sunburn history and sun sensitivity traits collected via self-administered questionnaires. Participants were followed until diagnosis of first primary cancer or completion of a follow-up questionnaire (2003-2014). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 40,204 participants, those reporting ever blistering sunburn had higher risk of BCC (HR = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.26-1.49) and SCC (HR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.19-1.66). The HRs of BCC per blistering sunburn in childhood and adulthood were 1.06 (95% CI, 1.05-1.07) and 1.05 (95% CI, 1.04-1.06), respectively. The HRs for SCC were 1.08 (95% CI, 1.06-1.11) and 1.07 (95% CI, 1.05-1.09) per blistering sunburn in childhood and adulthood, respectively. Most sun sensitivity factors and other measures of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure did not significantly modify these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The number of blistering sunburns was associated with increased KC risk independently of an individual's pigmentary features and ambient UVR. The associations were similar for childhood and adulthood sunburns.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>History of blistering sunburn is an important risk factor for KC, even among groups that might otherwise be overlooked because of their overall lower risk of KC, such as individuals who have darker pigmentary features or those residing in locations with less ambient UVR.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1715-1722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148428428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using FIT Thresholds for Priority Triage and Risk Stratification in Resource-Constrained Systems.","authors":"Darren R Brenner, Robert J Hilsden","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In many colorectal cancer screening settings, a key issue is no longer whether fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) should guide access to colonoscopy, but how FIT results can be used more effectively to manage limited colonoscopy resources. The article by Wu and colleagues provides important data showing the predictive potential of using quantitative FIT (qFIT) values for subsequent risk of colorectal cancer in a hospital-based screening setting. Although colonoscopy is the gold standard for screening, it is costly, invasive, and becoming increasingly constrained by aging populations, expanded screening eligibility, and an increasing number of postpolypectomy surveillance colonoscopies. Unlike binary positive or negative results, qFIT can provide a more refined measure of fecal hemoglobin and underlying colorectal cancer risk. Higher qFIT values are associated with advanced neoplasia and colorectal cancer, which can allow screening programs to prioritize those at greatest short-term risk for faster follow-up procedures. Evidence suggests that FIT positivity thresholds can be tuned to optimize colonoscopy resources and screening goals. In settings where there is a growing burden of postpolypectomy surveillance colonoscopy, FIT-based triage provides a low-cost strategy to improve efficiency, reduce wait times, and maximize the yield of endoscopy resources. Moving beyond binary FIT toward quantitative or risk-based screening follow-up pathways has the potential to optimize colonoscopy allocation and improve overall screening system performance. See related article by Wu et al., p. 733 .</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":"35 10","pages":"1687-1689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Incentives on Cancer Screening among Indigenous Populations: Systematic Review.","authors":"Nafiseh Khalaj, Idin Panahi, Ella J McLaren, Shafkat Jahan, Jonathan Leitch, Gail Garvey","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-2071","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-2071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indigenous peoples experience inequitable access to population-based cancer screening programs compared with non-Indigenous populations. Incentives including financial incentives, outreach programs, and educational programs have been used to increase participation; however, their effectiveness among Indigenous populations remains unclear. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of incentives on cancer screening participation among Indigenous populations. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) for published articles from inception to September 2025. Eligible articles were reviewed and appraised by 2 independent reviewers using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A total of 35 articles were included, reporting on education programs (63%), outreach programs (23%), and a combination of both (14%). Education-based interventions improved cancer screening participation rates (ranging from 11.7% to 370%) and/or knowledge among Indigenous populations. Outreach programs, particularly those with personalized follow-ups, improved participation by more than 31%. Combining outreach and education was also effective, especially with trained healthcare workers and tailored community approaches. Financial and nonfinancial incentives like transportation and childcare increased engagement. Approaches co-designed with Indigenous communities were more effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and increasing screening rates. Culturally tailored incentives, co-designed with Indigenous communities, should inform future cancer screening research, policy, and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1696-1708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148612196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light at Night, Night Shift Work, and Cancer: Illustrating Cumulative Exposure to Circadian Disruption through a Thought Experiment.","authors":"Thomas C Erren, Peter Morfeld","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light at night (LAN) and night shift work (NSW) have been hypothesized to be carcinogenic through circadian disruption. However, cancer epidemiology examining these hypotheses in environmental or occupational settings has yielded inconclusive results. The thought experiment \"The city that never sleeps\" illustrates why it is reductionist to focus solely on LAN or on NSW: a link between both plausible cancer pathways could be chronodisruption (CD). CD is operationalized as the misalignment between external time (due to exposures in both the environment and the workplace) and the body's internal time; CD causes circadian disruption, conceptualized as disrupted circadian organization. CD occurs whenever individuals are awake during their biological night, which is associated with chronotype, and this can be quantified. This perspective illustrates a conceptual framework for cumulative CD doses to investigate cancer risks associated with circadian disruption and outlines six practical steps for designing studies to evaluate this concept, including a potential role of biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":"35 10","pages":"1690-1695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}