Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Income Dynamics and Incident Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Jung Eun Yoo, Yong-Moon Mark Park, Ju-Yeong Park, Kyu-Na Lee, Kye-Yeung Park, Wonsock Kim, Youn Huh, Dong Wook Shin, Kyungdo Han, Ga Eun Nam","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although socioeconomic status is a recognized risk factor for esophageal cancer (EC), most studies have examined socioeconomic status at a single time point. We investigated the association between income dynamics and incident EC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 3,361,091 Korean adults aged 30-65 years who underwent health screening in 2012. Income dynamics from 2008 to 2012, derived from National Health Insurance premium data, were characterized as i) income variability (year-to-year percentage change standard deviations), ii) cumulative years in the lowest or highest income group, and iii) directional income change. Incident EC was identified using ICD-10 codes from 2013 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up of 9.3 years, 1,943 EC cases occurred. Compared to the highest income group, the lowest income group (Medical Aid + quartile 1) had a higher EC risk (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR]Q4 vs. MA+Q1 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.38; p for trend <0.001). Greater income variability (aHRQ4 vs. Q1 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06-1.37; p for trend=0.003), longer cumulative low-income duration (aHR5 vs.0 years 1.21; 95% CI, 1.03-1.42; p for trend=0.001), and a decline from high- to low-income status (aHR 1.39; 95% CI, 1.05-1.83) were also associated with increased risk. Sustained high-income status was inversely associated with EC risk (aHR5 vs.0 years 0.83; 95% CI 0.73-0.93; p for trend=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher income variability, persistently low income, and income decline over the 5-year income assessment period were independently associated with increased EC risk.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Incorporating income trajectories may help EC risk stratification and preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression to castration-resistance and metastatic disease following androgen deprivation therapy for biochemical recurrence after prostate cancer surgery.","authors":"Gregory J Raster, David A Elliott, Ellen Hu, Samuel N Regan, Gillian M Duchesne, Kristian D Stensland, Megan E V Caram, Jennifer A Burns, Christina H Chapman, Brent K Hollenbeck, Jordan B Sparks, Chris Barousse, Alexander Zaslavsky, David J Einstein, Laura A Sena, Ravi A Madan, Alexander Tsodikov, Ted A Skolarus","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer impacts nearly one in four patients. While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is used in this setting, its impact on metastatic disease outcomes remains unclear in contemporary population-based cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective cohort study using national Veterans Administration electronic health record and Central Cancer Registry data. Men undergoing radical prostatectomy between 2005-2015 were followed through 2019. We defined biochemical recurrence as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≥0.20 nanograms/milliliter. We examined biochemically recurrent prostate cancer management and disease progression to castration-resistance and metastatic disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 28,452 men with prostate cancer treated surgically, 7,912 (28%) developed biochemical recurrence with 10.5% developing metastatic disease (median follow up 110 months). Salvage ADT with or without radiation therapy was administered to 24% of patients. In adjusted models, salvage ADT use was associated with worse metastasis-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.96, 95% CI 1.71-2.25) and increased castration resistant therapy (aHR 20.51, 95% CI 14.48-29.04). Higher pathologic T stage, Gleason grade group, PSA, nodal involvement, and faster PSA doubling times were predictive of metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large national cohort of men with biochemical recurrence after surgery, most did not develop metastatic disease during nearly 10 years of follow up and one in four patients were treated with ADT. The association between ADT and adjusted outcomes likely reflects more aggressive disease among men selected for hormonal therapy.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of continued risk stratification refinement and management optimization for recurrent prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Function-Associated Genetic Variants and Overall Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multi-Platform Analysis.","authors":"Zhanxia Li, Zhilin Zhang, Yu Chen Zhao, Li Su, Yi Li, David C Christiani","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous variants associated with spirometric lung function, and Mendelian randomization studies suggest that impaired pulmonary function contributes to lung cancer susceptibility. Whether these variants influence survival after non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated 77 lung function GWAS-identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a European-ancestry NSCLC cohort genotyped on three platforms (HSPH, n=979; OncoArray, n=2,322; MGH, n=1,088; total n=4,389). Within each subgroup, Cox debiased lasso regression jointly estimated conditional associations between SNPs and overall survival (OS), adjusting for age, sex, smoking, stage, treatment, and ancestry principal components. Debiased log-hazard ratios were combined by inverse-variance-weighted fixed-effect meta-analysis, with false discovery rate (FDR) correction across the 65 SNPs available in ≥2 subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,389 patients, 3,630 deaths (82.7%) occurred. Eleven SNPs were nominally associated with OS (P<0.05) and two reached FDR q<0.05. Only rs11022690 (11p15.4) was available in all three subgroups and met prespecified Tier 1 criteria; it was associated with reduced mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.927; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.887-0.969; P=7.79×10⁻⁴; q=0.050), with consistent direction across subgroups. Heterogeneity was low (I²=0% for 86% of SNPs). In leave-one-cohort-out analyses, a weighted polygenic risk score was associated with survival in held-out subgroups (pooled HR per SD, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Selected lung function-associated variants are modestly associated with NSCLC survival; these findings warrant replication in independent populations.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study provides a reproducible framework for evaluating moderate-dimensional germline prognostic associations across genotyping platforms, extending standard candidate-SNP survival analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149121718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of caregiver burden with prostate cancer survivor quality of life in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors (ROCS) cohort.","authors":"Colleen B McGrath, Jamaica R M Robinson, Julie J Ruterbusch, Konrad H Stopsack, Michelle O Sodipo, Kathryn L Penney, Briana Joy K Stephenson, Laura D Kubzansky, Lorelei A Mucci, Jennifer L Beebe-Dimmer","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known on how informal caregiver burden may influence outcomes in care recipients. We examined how much caregiver burden influences survivors' quality of life (QoL) in a cohort of Black prostate cancer survivors, an underrepresented population in survivorship research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included a convenience sample of 307 prostate cancer survivor-caregiver dyads in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors cohort. Caregivers reported their caregiving burden and involvement level. Survivors completed annual surveys (across 4 years) on emotional, social, functional, physical, and prostate cancer-specific wellbeing. Linear mixed effects models, adjusted for survivor demographic and clinical factors and caregiving relationship factors, examined associations between caregiver burden and each domain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prostate cancer survivors were a median of 62 years at diagnosis and enrolled a median 16 months after diagnosis. Most caregivers reported low burden (82%). Survivors whose caregivers reported low burden, compared to moderate or higher, had higher average scores at baseline, in emotional (2.49 points, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35, 3.63), physical (2.28, 95% CI 0.81, 3.76), functional (3.77, 95% CI 1.96, 5.59), and prostate cancer-specific wellbeing (3.52, 95% CI 1.16, 5.90). The difference in physical wellbeing scores between burden groups decreased over time. Compared to survivors whose caregivers experienced moderate or higher burden, mean QoL differences among those with low-burdened, not highly-involved caregivers were greater than that with low-burdened, highly-involved caregivers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower caregiver burden was associated with higher prostate cancer survivor QoL.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Findings suggest the level of caregiver burden is associated with QoL among prostate cancer survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of a multi-biomarker class, multi-cancer early detection (MCED) blood test in a prospectively collected cohort.","authors":"Vladimir G Gainullin, Mael Manesse, Fanglei Zhuang, Melissa Gray, Hee Jung Hwang, Gustavo C Cerqueira, Christopher L Nobles, Madhav Kumar, Kevin Arvai, Xi Chen, Christopher Tyson, Chen Ji, Jin H Bae, Violeta Beleva Guthrie, Jaspreet Kaur, Viatcheslav E Katerov, Larson Hogstrom, Leonardo N Hagmann, Philip J Uren, Jorge Garces, Hatim T Allawi, Vuna S Fa, Abigail McElhinny, Gerard A Silvestri, David Chesla, Robert W Given, Tomasz M Beer, Frank Diehl","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multi-biomarker blood tests have the potential to detect a broad range of cancer types and stages. Herein, we assessed the performance of a methylation and protein (MP) classifier using samples from a large, multi-center, prospectively collected case-control study. As part of the assay development process, we performed an exploratory analysis investigating the addition of a somatic mutation reflex approach (MP-reflex) on samples with scores below the threshold for a positive MP call but above a clear negative MP call.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 6,352 samples (1,438 cancer; 4,914 non-cancer) representing all stages among 21 tumor organ types divided approximately equally between a training and a test set. The sensitivity of the MP classifier was determined at a high specificity. The MP-reflex approach was investigated on MP samples at the same specificity threshold and detectable MP signals above pre-specified lower thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall sensitivity for MP biomarkers was 50.9% (98.5% specificity), with sensitivities of 15.4%, 26.1%, 38.0%, 67.8%, 85.5%, and 37.5% for stages I, I and II combined, II, III, IV, and unknown, respectively. With breast and prostate cancers excluded, overall test sensitivity was 56.8%, with sensitivities of 17.2%, 30.7%, 48.6%, 73.5%, 86.5%, and 40.0% for stages I, I and II combined, II, III, IV, and unknown, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MP biomarkers detected all solid cancers analyzed, including those without recommended screening and aggressive cancers with poor 5-year survival.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These results demonstrate the potential clinical validity of multi-biomarker testing for the detection of several cancer types.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149121735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol, sex steroid hormones, and risk of mortality among postmenopausal females with breast cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.","authors":"Meera Sangaramoorthy, Debbie Goldberg, Adrian A Franke, Mindy C DeRouen, Yuqing Li, Anne N Tome, Kami K White, Brenda Y Hernandez, Yurii B Shvetsov, Lynne R Wilkens, Loïc Le Marchand, Anna H Wu, Lenora Wm Loo, Iona Cheng","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomarkers in the hormonal and metabolic pathways linking obesity and mortality can influence survival after breast cancer diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively examined associations with mortality for pre-diagnostic plasma levels of circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), estrone, testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) measured on average 6.7 years before breast cancer diagnosis in 1,009 African American, Japanese American, Latino, Native Hawaiian, and White postmenopausal females not using menopausal hormone therapy at blood draw from the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) study (1993-2017). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression adjusting for selected factors related to demographics, prognosis, lifestyle, and medical history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over an average 7.8 follow-up years (standard deviation=4.2), 300 total deaths occurred, including 83 breast cancer-specific deaths. Inverse associations were found for 27HC (highest versus lowest tertile: HR=0.73, 95% CI=0.54-0.98) with all-cause but not breast-cancer specific mortality, and estrone (highest versus lowest tertile: HR=0.37, 95% CI=0.20-0.70) with breast cancer-specific but not all-cause mortality. SHBG was positively associated with all-cause (highest versus lowest tertile: HR=1.76, 95% CI=1.28-2.41) but not breast cancer-specific mortality. No associations were found for testosterone. There was no statistically significant heterogeneity in associations by body mass index, estrogen receptor status, cancer stage, or race and ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This seminal study of racially and ethnically diverse female breast cancer survivors found associations for pre-diagnostic 27HC, estrone, and SHBG with mortality.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Future research studies should prioritize larger breast cancer cohorts to confirm our findings and evaluate associations across important subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149121797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unwelcome Natural Experiments: Cancer Etiologic Insights from Disaster-Exposed Populations.","authors":"Ethan M Ecsedy, Aidan Daluiski, Liora Ragozin, Colleen B McGrath, Lorelei A Mucci","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-1029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enough time has now elapsed to examine the long-term cancer burden among survivors of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. In the June 8, 2026, issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Prevention, Turner and colleagues reported a 1.8-fold higher cancer risk among 4,815 male World Trade Center responders compared with age-matched controls, with those of 20 to 44 years at the time of attacks at the highest cancer risk. This finding is one of several \"unwelcome natural experiments\" in which catastrophic disasters have unintentionally advanced cancer epidemiology. Here, we summarize insights gained from other catastrophes: the radiation-related disasters that struck Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl, and Fukushima, the industrial-related disasters at Seveso and Bhopal, and the war-related disasters at the World Trade Center and in Vietnam with use of Agent Orange. Each event led to the creation of epidemiologic investigations that have clarified organ specificity, dose-response, and age-at-exposure associations and clarified the long latency for cancer risk associated with diverse exposures. We argue that epidemiologists have a responsibility to ensure such catastrophic events are not in vain; sustained investment in long-term follow-up, biospecimen collection, and disaster-response cohorts are essential to fully understand and mitigate the cancer consequences of catastrophic events. See related article by Turner et al., p. 1709.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":"35 10","pages":"1683-1686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a Risk-Stratified National Breast Screening Programme in the United Kingdom: A Model-Based Cost-effectiveness Analysis.","authors":"Stuart J Wright, Joe Hilton, Gabriel Rogers, Ewan Gray, Anna Donten, Lorna McWilliams, D Gareth R Evans, David P French, Katherine Payne","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0103","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Risk-stratified breast screening, in which women are offered different screening intervals based on their breast cancer risk, has been proposed as a way to improve the benefits of screening in the United Kingdom National Breast Screening Programme (UK-NBSP). The aim of this study was to explore the cost-effectiveness of potential risk-stratified breast screening strategies in the UK-NBSP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An existing validated discrete event simulation model (MANC-RISK-SCREEN) was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of 3 risk-stratified NBSPs (risk 1, risk 2, and risk 3) compared with the current UK-NBSP, 2-yearly screening, and no screening [lifetime horizon; health service perspective; costs (£; at 2024 prices)]. MANC-RISK-SCREEN was modified to account for bias in risk prediction and allocation to risk categories (risk misclassification). Uncertainty in the results due to model inputs was quantified using probabilistic sensitivity analysis and one-way sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At a cost-effectiveness threshold of £20,000 per quality-adjusted life year, 2-yearly screening was most likely to be cost-effective, followed by a risk-stratified approach whereby women at high risk (>8% 10-year risk) were screened annually and women at moderate risk (5%-8% 10-year risk) biannually. When risk misclassification was accounted for, the ranking of risk-stratified screening strategies improved relative to universal strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>If 2-yearly screening is infeasible due to resource constraints, implementing a risk-stratified approach in the existing NBSP in the United Kingdom would be a cost-effective use of healthcare resources.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Implementation of risk-stratified breast screening in the UK national screening program has the potential to improve cancer detection at a reasonable additional resource use and cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1752-1762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148633525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Risk of Second Primary Malignancies among Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Survivors.","authors":"Pragati Gole Advani, Han Yu, Kayla Catalfamo, Pallawi Torka","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0672","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have shown an increased risk of second primary malignancies (SPM) among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) survivors; however, this has not been comprehensively examined by race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 17 US population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program cancer registry areas, we identified 68,358 ≥ 12-month DLBCL survivors diagnosed between 2000 and 2022. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CI) quantified SPM risk that occurred ≥12-month after DLBCL by race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, we observed 6,261 SPMs after DLBCL representing a 1.2-fold significantly increased risk (95% CI, 1.16-1.22) compared with the general SEER population and an excess of 23 cases/10,000 person-years. SPM risk varied significantly by race/ethnicity, with Asian/Pacific Islanders and Hispanics presenting higher overall risk compared with the White or Black patients (Pheterogeneity < 0.001). The results from site-specific analyses reported significantly higher SIRs for second hematologic malignancies compared with solid cancers (SIRhemat = 3.40; CI, 3.15-3.68 and SIRsolid = 1.07; CI, 1.04-1.10), and patterns by race/ethnicity also varied significantly by these second cancer sites. Among solid SPMs, strikingly elevated risks were observed for anal cancer among the Black and Hispanic patients (SIRs of 9.29 and 8.55, respectively). Whereas, among the hematologic SPMs, risks were particularly elevated for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and acute nonlymphocytic lymphoma among the non-White minority populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed substantial disparities in SPM risk by race/ethnicity, with patients belonging to minority groups experiencing higher risks.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>SPMs have emerged as an important challenge for DLBCL survivors; therefore, further research to understand drivers of this observed racial/ethnic heterogeneity is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1781-1788"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148687619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative Incidence of Multiple Primary Cancers in Male World Trade Center Responders: A Comparison with SEER.","authors":"Wiley M Turner, Yuki Joyama, Christopher R Dasaro, Andrew C Todd, Stephanie Tuminello, Emanuela Taioli","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0165","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>World Trade Center (WTC) responders were exposed to carcinogens during rescue, recovery, and cleanup operations following September 11, 2001. Although responders have an elevated risk of various primary cancers, they may also have an increased risk of second primary cancers. This study evaluates the incidence of multiple primary cancers among male responders compared with a population-based cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assembled a cohort of male WTC general responders with cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2022 and compared them with male patients with cancer from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) diagnosed during the same period. Crude and age-standardized proportion ratios (PR) were used to compare the occurrence of multiple primary cancers between cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,815 WTC responders, we observed a higher age-standardized proportion of multiple primary cancers than among 3,376,402 SEER patients [PR = 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.61-2.11]. The proportion of multiple primary cancers was higher among younger WTC responders than SEER patients (20-44 years: PR = 3.76; 95% CI, 3.04-4.67; 45-54 years: PR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.17-1.58), whereas responders aged 65+ had lower proportions (PR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Male WTC responders experience a higher burden of multiple primary cancers than the general US population, particularly at younger ages, highlighting multiple primary cancers as an underrecognized consequence of WTC exposure.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Enhanced cancer monitoring strategies may be warranted for WTC responders and other populations that have been similarly exposed. See related In the Spotlight, p. 1683.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1709-1714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148201920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}