Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)最新文献_第4页

Integrating mandibular evidence to assess morphological variation of the Australopithecus afarensis maxilla. 整合下颌证据评估南方古猿阿法种上颌骨形态变异。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70027

Hester Hanegraef, Romain David, Fred Spoor

{"title":"Integrating mandibular evidence to assess morphological variation of the Australopithecus afarensis maxilla.","authors":"Hester Hanegraef, Romain David, Fred Spoor","doi":"10.1002/ar.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70027","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric morphometric analyses are used to explore variation of maxillary dental arcades of Australopithecus afarensis, expanding on the work of Hanegraef and Spoor, 2025 (Morphological variation of the Australopithecus afarensis maxilla. Journal of Human Evolution, 201, 103651) by integrating evidence from a large sample of virtually reconstructed mandibles. Size and shape of maxillary dental arcades can be predicted accurately from mandibular landmarks based on strong covariation between occluding upper and lower dentitions, and a novel method was developed to correct for reduced shape variation in these predictions. As predictions are restricted to the alveolar process, morphological information about the rest of the maxilla is lost. The trade-off between a smaller sample with comprehensive morphology and a larger sample with restricted morphology is discussed. Here, we analyzed 9 original and 17 predicted A. afarensis dental arcades in the comparative context of 448 extant hominine (modern human and African ape) maxillae. This study found that (1) degrees of size and shape variation are high in A. afarensis, potentially even higher than in Gorilla species when including the predictions in the fossil sample, (2) no allometry was detected, even when expanding the A. afarensis sample with predictions, (3) size and shape do not significantly change over time when analyzing original and predicted A. afarensis dental arcades together, and (4) sexual form and shape dimorphism, but not sexual size differences, are reduced when including A. afarensis predictions in the fossil sample. Our results quantifying the range and pattern of variation of the A. afarensis maxilla provide a comparative context when assessing whether or not other Plio-Pleistocene hominin specimens are conspecific.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological and morphometric characterization of the aorta of Brazilian horses (Equus ferus caballus, Linnaeus-1758): Comparative analysis of the aortic bulb and ascending aorta. 巴西马（Equus ferus caballus, Linnaeus-1758）主动脉的形态学和形态计量学特征：主动脉球部和升主动脉的比较分析。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70026

Marcelo José Böck, Thiago José Fernandez, Vitor Pires Pereira, Marcelo Leite da Veiga, Claudia de Mello Bertoncheli Dos Santos, Luciano de Morais-Pinto

{"title":"Morphological and morphometric characterization of the aorta of Brazilian horses (Equus ferus caballus, Linnaeus-1758): Comparative analysis of the aortic bulb and ascending aorta.","authors":"Marcelo José Böck, Thiago José Fernandez, Vitor Pires Pereira, Marcelo Leite da Veiga, Claudia de Mello Bertoncheli Dos Santos, Luciano de Morais-Pinto","doi":"10.1002/ar.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70026","url":null,"abstract":"We examined 52 horse aortas to characterize the morphological aspects of the aortic bulb wall and the ascending aorta. The morphometric data were analyzed using ImageJ®-Fiji 1.5 software. The Tunica intima was composed of endotheliocytes with scarce cytoplasm and ellipsoid nuclei, supported by a collagenous subendothelial stratum. The Tunica media was composed entirely of fascicles of vascular smooth muscle cells interspersed with bundles of collagen fibers and elastic lamellae, characterizing the aortic medial lamellar unit. The Tunica adventitia consisted of two distinct sub-layers: the external lamina, which contained the specific vascular-nervous plexus, and the internal lamina, which was composed of dense, unformed connective tissue. In absolute values, the total thickness of the aortic wall, as well as the thickness of the Tunica media, was significantly less in the aortic bulb than in the ascending aorta. The fibro molecular content of both segments was also analyzed. Thus, 19.1% of the wall in the aortic bulb was composed of vascular smooth muscle cells, 13.9% of elastin, 25.5% of collagen I, and the content of collagen III was 15.6%. The wall of the ascending aorta contained 17.5% vascular smooth muscle cells, 13.8% elastin, 23.5% collagen I, and 15.1% collagen III. The increase in the thickness of the Tunica media determined the increase in the total wall thickness of the aortic bulb compared to the ascending aorta. Furthermore, the increase in wall thickness observed between the segments analyzed did not affect the relative amount of fibro-cellular elements in each segment.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tooth row allometry in domestic rabbits and nondomestic lagomorphs: Evidence for a decoupling of body and tooth row size changes in evolutionary time. 家兔和非家兔牙形动物的齿列异速发育：进化时间中身体和齿列大小变化解耦的证据。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70029

Ursina L Fasciati, Christine Böhmer, Stefanie Ohlerth, Marcus Clauss

{"title":"Tooth row allometry in domestic rabbits and nondomestic lagomorphs: Evidence for a decoupling of body and tooth row size changes in evolutionary time.","authors":"Ursina L Fasciati, Christine Böhmer, Stefanie Ohlerth, Marcus Clauss","doi":"10.1002/ar.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70029","url":null,"abstract":"In various domestic mammals, smaller breeds tend to have proportionally larger teeth, whereas this is not a universal trend across mammals. This suggests that body size can evolve faster than tooth size, leading to the prediction that tooth-body size scaling differs among closely related versus distant taxa. Here, we test this pattern in a new computed tomography (CT)Skriffer Utgitt au det Norske Vidensk-Akad scan dataset on 302 adult domestic rabbits of various breeds (maxilla and mandible) and compare this to 198 literature data from 20 nondomestic lagomorph species (maxilla only). Skull or mandible length served as body size proxies. The allometric scaling of the length of the cheek tooth row and the diastema, as well as the jaw width, with these proxies and with each other was investigated. In domestic rabbits, there is a negative allometric scaling between tooth row length and body size, that is, smaller animals have relatively larger teeth. Similar patterns appear within some wild lagomorph species, while across species, tooth row length and body size scale isometrically. These findings add to reports on allometric growth in domestic species. As the seeming advantage of disproportionately more chewing surface in smaller species is apparently lost over time, the postulate of an optimal tooth row size for an organismal design emerges, for which there is currently no theory. Possibly, veterinary experiences that dental problems are particularly frequent in small domestic breeds with relatively larger teeth might provide leverage for such a concept. Studies on the physiological effects of differences in relative tooth size between breeds are warranted.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intraspecific variation of cochlear morphology in bowhead and beluga whales. 弓头鲸和白鲸耳蜗形态的种内变异。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70028

John Peacock, J G M Thewissen

{"title":"Intraspecific variation of cochlear morphology in bowhead and beluga whales.","authors":"John Peacock, J G M Thewissen","doi":"10.1002/ar.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70028","url":null,"abstract":"The bony labyrinth of the petrosal bone, a distinctive feature of mammal skulls, is often identified in micro-computed tomography imaging to infer species' physiological and ecological traits. When done as part of a comparative study, one individual specimen is normally considered representative of a species, and intraspecific variation is considered low. Yet tests of intraspecific variability have been performed on few species and on limited morphological traits. Studies of intraspecific variability are not only valuable to help us assess the need for multiple specimens in comparative work, but relative levels of variability can also be used to reveal insights into a trait's functional significance. In this study, we report measurements of intraspecific variation on two cetaceans with vastly different auditory specializations, a low-frequency specialized mysticete and an echolocating odontocete. We examine the internal structures of the cochlea in beluga and bowhead whales and relate this to their hearing abilities. Overall levels of intraspecific variability are higher in the bowhead than the beluga, reflecting the more specialized auditory system of the latter. However, the levels of variation differ through the length of the cochlea (base to apex) and these appear to reflect known frequency specializations of the species, with the bowhead having lower variation in some measurements at the low-frequency apical end than the beluga.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distal femoral morphology as a risk factor for osteoarthritis. 股骨远端形态作为骨关节炎的危险因素。

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70012

Haley Horbaly

{"title":"Distal femoral morphology as a risk factor for osteoarthritis.","authors":"Haley Horbaly","doi":"10.1002/ar.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability affecting millions of adults in the United States, commonly resulting in the need for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to restore mobility and quality of life. This study investigates potential differences in baseline distal femoral shape between individuals who received TKA due to OA and a control group representing a healthy population. Using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics, distal femoral shape was examined in 43 adult skeletons from the University of Tennessee Donated Skeletal Collection. Results suggest that natural femoral shape in TKA-receiving individuals may differ from that of the control group, with some individuals in the TKA sample occupying more extreme regions of the femoral shape space. In particular, the landmarks of the medial condyle appear anteriorly shifted in the TKA sample, identifying this region as a candidate location for future exploration into group differences. While future longitudinal studies are required to determine direct causal links between morphology and OA as a health outcome, existing clinical literature has identified that even minor mismatch in conarticular shape can alter the biomechanical environment of the joint. These results are a first step in identifying outliers for femoral morphology and potential regions of femoral anatomy that may predispose individuals to OA, highlighting the importance of evaluating morphological variations as potential risk factors. This study further contributes to our understanding of the boundaries of articular morphospace and its implications for arthropathy, underscoring the need for further research to establish direct links between baseline articular shape and OA onset.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overlooked role of bone quality in cranial adaptations to altered loading patterns. 骨质量在颅骨适应改变负荷模式中被忽视的作用。

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70022

Matthew Jordan Ravosa, Erin M Franks

{"title":"Overlooked role of bone quality in cranial adaptations to altered loading patterns.","authors":"Matthew Jordan Ravosa, Erin M Franks","doi":"10.1002/ar.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70022","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of diet on craniomandibular form has been the focus of many functional, ecomorphological, and paleontological studies in mammals, with extensive work devoted to understanding the influence of adaptive plasticity. Prior research has established that dietary variability yields considerable morphological variation in bone quantity across cranial sites. However, the role of bone quality is less understood. Thus, there remains a significant gap in understanding how dietary properties affect nanoscale variation and, by extension, the hierarchical organization of bone in the developing skull and oral cavity, and whether bone quality (= tissue properties) covaries with bone quantity. Weanling white rabbits were divided equally between two dietary cohorts and raised until one-year old. Control rabbits were fed pellets. Overuse rabbits were given pellets and hay cubes for the duration, modeling a mechanically challenging diet that results in elevated cyclical loading. Nanoindentation was utilized to detail the stiffness and hardness of cortical bone post-mortem across masticatory and non-masticatory sites. Results indicate that diet-induced differences in loading affect nanoscale plasticity in masticatory elements without corresponding changes in the neurocranium, highlighting regional variation in responses to mechanical forces. The presence and magnitude of variation at the nanoscale vary according to masticatory site. This is critically important as it suggests that a functional signal may be site-specific, potentially posing an issue for accurate behavioral and biomechanical reconstructions. These findings highlight functional and developmental variation in determinants of cortical bone quality in the mammal skull and feeding complex, information of considerable utility for biomedical, ecomorphological, paleobiological, and evolutionary research.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dr. Hans Kohn and the political takeover of the Berlin Medical Society by the National Socialist regime in 1933. 汉斯·科恩医生和1933年国家社会主义政权对柏林医学会的政治接管。

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70018

Michael Hortsch

{"title":"Dr. Hans Kohn and the political takeover of the Berlin Medical Society by the National Socialist regime in 1933.","authors":"Michael Hortsch","doi":"10.1002/ar.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70018","url":null,"abstract":"To solidify their power over society, totalitarian regimes will usually eliminate any dissent, any perceived threats early on. These threats include not only political enemies but also educated and independent segments of society, such as professional associations. In addition, totalitarian regimes often create societal scapegoats to unify popular support. In 1933, immediately after Hitler's rise to power, the Nazi regime in Germany followed this pattern. One of the Nazis' initial targets was educational institutions and professional societies, subjugating them to ensure they could no longer serve as sources of opposition or resistance. In this review, the fate of a Jewish physician and researcher, Dr. Hans Kohn, exemplifies this takeover of all aspects of German society by the Nazi regime. He is known for discovering interalveolar pores as normal anatomical structures in the lung tissue (Pores of Kohn) and was a long-serving member of the Berlin Medical Society, holding a leadership position as its librarian until 1933. Despite his own conservative political views, he suffered persecution by the Nazi regime, as a Jew and elected leader of the Berlin Medical Society, but also as a relative of a communist party official. There was a wide range of reactions by members of the Berlin Medical Society to this political takeover. Some members were victims like Hans Kohn; others were active opponents or perpetrators, with many being compliant.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histological quantification of lesion growth rate in hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI). 额内肥厚症（HFI）病变生长速率的组织学定量分析。

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70025

Russell Hogg, Tara Peburn

{"title":"Histological quantification of lesion growth rate in hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI).","authors":"Russell Hogg, Tara Peburn","doi":"10.1002/ar.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70025","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a human skeletal disease characterized by nodules of hyperplastic bone and thickening of the frontal bone's inner surface. Despite its high prevalence in older adults and well-demonstrated neurological comorbidities, HFI's etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood, including the growth rates of HFI lesions. This lack of information on the rate of progression has obvious consequences for the development of treatment and prevention protocols. Therefore, the aim of this study is to use histopathologic assessment of HFI lesions to directly quantify the growth rate of bone tissue in HFI. To quantify growth rates within HFI lesions, we prepared histological sections of HFI-affected frontal bone from anonymized human cadaver specimens donated to the Anatomical Board of the State of Florida. We measured lamellar breadths from lesioned as well as unlesioned bone to estimate a daily secretion rate (DSR) for the bone tissue, calibrated using dental enamel growth increments from the same individuals. Our data support a median DSR of ~0.9 μm, yielding a lesion expansion rate of approximately 3 years per millimeter of bone thickness. Comparisons of lesioned and unlesioned bone suggest HFI is not associated with a significantly higher osteoblast secretion rate in lesioned bone. Our data suggest that typical HFI progression is a slow, cumulative process, without any clear evidence of acceleration in the osteoblast secretory rate. The slow progression of HFI provides ample opportunity for early identification and clinical interventions before it progresses to cause neurological deficits.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recovery of novel osteological specimens (Mammuthus) from the Mammoth Site of Hot Springs, South Dakota, USA. 美国南达科他州温泉猛犸象遗址的新骨标本（猛犸象）的恢复。

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70023

Alex Christine K Gardner, Christopher N Jass, John R Hutchinson

引用次数: 0

The lower jaw of Devonian ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii): Anatomy, relationships, and functional morphology. 泥盆纪鳍鱼（放光鳍鱼科）的下颚：解剖、关系和功能形态。

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70005

Ben Igielman, Rodrigo Tinoco Figueroa, Robert R Higgins, Stephanie E Pierce, Michael I Coates, Emily M Troyer, Vincent Fernandez, Kathleen Dollman, Jing Lu, Min Zhu, Matt Friedman, Sam Giles

{"title":"The lower jaw of Devonian ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii): Anatomy, relationships, and functional morphology.","authors":"Ben Igielman, Rodrigo Tinoco Figueroa, Robert R Higgins, Stephanie E Pierce, Michael I Coates, Emily M Troyer, Vincent Fernandez, Kathleen Dollman, Jing Lu, Min Zhu, Matt Friedman, Sam Giles","doi":"10.1002/ar.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70005","url":null,"abstract":"Actinopterygii is a major extant vertebrate group, but limited data are available for its earliest members. Here we investigate the morphology of Devonian actinopterygians, focusing on the lower jaw. We use X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to provide comprehensive descriptions of the mandibles of 19 species, which span the whole of the Devonian and represent roughly two-thirds of all taxa known from more than isolated or fragmentary material. Our findings corroborate previous reports in part but reveal considerable new anatomical data and represent the first detailed description for roughly half of these taxa. The mandibles display substantial variation in size, spanning more than an order of magnitude. Although most conform to a generalized pattern of a large dentary and one or two smaller infradentaries, XCT data reveal significant differences in the structure of the jaw and arrangement of teeth that may be of functional relevance. We report the presence of a rudimentary coronoid process in several taxa, contributed to by the dentary and/or infradentaries, as well a raised articular region, resulting in a mandible with an offset bite and that functions as a bent level arm. Among the most striking variation is that of tooth morphology: several taxa have heterodont dentary teeth that vary in size and orientation, and multiple variations on enlarged, whorl-like and posteriorly-oriented anterior coronoid dentition are observed. We use these new data to revise morphological characters that may be of phylogenetic significance and consider the possible functional implicationds of these traits. The observed variation in mandible form and structure suggests previously unappreciated functional diversity among otherwise morphologically homogenous Devonian ray-finned fishes.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0