Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)最新文献_第9页

Local variation in age-related cortical expansion within and between cross-sections of distal human long bones. 人类远端长骨横截面内和之间与年龄相关的皮质扩张的局部变化。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70293

Gregory J Wehrman, Alice F Gooding, Adam D Sylvester, Dawnie W Steadman, Benjamin M Auerbach

{"title":"Local variation in age-related cortical expansion within and between cross-sections of distal human long bones.","authors":"Gregory J Wehrman, Alice F Gooding, Adam D Sylvester, Dawnie W Steadman, Benjamin M Auerbach","doi":"10.1002/ar.70293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70293","url":null,"abstract":"Cortical bone expansion is an age-related process where, through endosteal resorption and periosteal apposition, cross-sectional diameter increases while cortical thickness decreases in long bone diaphyses. Local variation has been observed in this process between cross-sectional locations, but few studies have examined directional variation within cross-sections. In this study, we assess variation in age-related cortical expansion both within and between cross-sections using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) images of the tibia, radius, and ulna from a living sample of adults ages 40-80 years (n = 126; 78 females, 48 males). Cross-sectional slices were generated at four locations along tibial and forearm length (20%, 35%, 50%, and 65%), and intra-slice variation was assessed through inter-landmark distances of endosteal and periosteal landmarks along eight directional radii. Results demonstrate local variation in age-related differences of these geometric measurements both within and between cross-sections, but that variation by direction within cross-sections is not adequately explained by age-related differences alone. Patterns of intra-slice variation of endosteal and periosteal distances to the centroid exhibit similarity, suggesting that while variable at different directions of the cross-section, age-related endosteal resorption and periosteal apposition are coupled. Finally, we observe shifting degrees and directional patterns of cortical expansion along the length of each bone, particularly in the radius. These results indicate that age-related cortical expansion occurs non-uniformly throughout distal elements, which suggests that systemic factors of aging (e.g., hormonal decline, decreased muscle strength, oxidative stress) are mediated locally by factors such as mechanical loading.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological diversity in humeral remains from a South African Konzentrat-Laggerstätte site provide new insights into the Early Triassic archosauromorph radiation. 南非Konzentrat-Laggerstätte遗址肱骨化石的形态多样性为研究早三叠纪始祖龙辐射提供了新的见解。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70258

F B Tolchard, V Buffa, P J Hancox, A B Heckert, K N Dollman, J Botha, J N Choiniere

{"title":"Morphological diversity in humeral remains from a South African Konzentrat-Laggerstätte site provide new insights into the Early Triassic archosauromorph radiation.","authors":"F B Tolchard, V Buffa, P J Hancox, A B Heckert, K N Dollman, J Botha, J N Choiniere","doi":"10.1002/ar.70258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70258","url":null,"abstract":"The end-Permian mass extinction event was the largest faunal mass extinction in the history of life on Earth. Understanding the recovery of terrestrial diversity in the Early Triassic is confounded by a global scarcity of continental fossil-bearing deposits of this time frame. This is especially problematic for vertebrate paleontology because the clade encompassing living birds, crocodiles, and turtles (the Archosauromorpha) is hypothesized to undergo a rapid radiation at this time. The Langbergia-Garjainia Subzone (LGSz) of South Africa represents one of the few highly fossiliferous Early Triassic (Olenekian) localities worldwide. However, only one archosauromorph taxon is described from this site to date, the large-bodied Garjainia madiba. Here, we assess a newly discovered assemblage of fragmentary archosauromorph humeri from localities in Driefontein 11 revealing an impressive diversity of minimally six taxa. These include non-archosauriform archosauromorphs, non-archosaurian archosauriforms, and crown archosaurs, mirroring the contemporaneous diversity seen in Laurasian deposits. Importantly, we identify among this sample potentially the first records of azendohsaurids and aphanosaurs from South Africa. The archosauromorph assemblage from the LGSz displays a wide array of body sizes and anatomical characteristics. These findings further support mounting evidence to Early Triassic origins of the archosauromorph evolutionary radiation.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148611926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Humans and platyrrhines share a pattern of articular variance. 人类和鸭嘴兽有着相同的关节变异模式。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-26 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70299

Haley Horbaly, Liam Zachary

{"title":"Humans and platyrrhines share a pattern of articular variance.","authors":"Haley Horbaly, Liam Zachary","doi":"10.1002/ar.70299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70299","url":null,"abstract":"Previous work has identified a pattern of articular shape variation in modern human limb joints, in which convex joint surfaces exhibit constrained variance relative to their more variable concave conarticulars. This pattern is notable given that joint morphogenesis is influenced by local biomechanical environments, which vary substantially across joints and throughout development. Whether this biased variance pattern reflects generalizable developmental or biomechanical constraints, or instead represents a human-specific phenomenon, remains unclear. Here, we test the generalizability of this pattern by examining the humeroulnar joint in New World monkeys (Platyrrhini), a diverse radiation of primates that retain many aspects of the ancestral anthropoid bauplan while exhibiting wide variation in body size, locomotor behavior, and limb-loading regimes. We analyzed three-dimensional geometric morphometric landmark data from the humeroulnar joints of 84 adult platyrrhines. Phylogenetic comparative analyses identified moderate but significant phylogenetic signal in both distal humeral and proximal ulnar articular shape, and two-block partial least squares analysis demonstrated strong humeroulnar covariance. Mean pairwise landmark distance distributions were used to compare relative variance between conarticular surfaces across the pooled sample and within groups. Distal humeri consistently exhibited significantly lower morphological variance than associated proximal ulnae, indicating that this pattern is not unique to humans, despite differences in posture, gait, and locomotor loading. These results demonstrate that biased constraint of convex articular surfaces may be conserved across a wide range of locomotor strategies. This suggests the involvement of shared underlying developmental or biomechanical mechanisms in joint morphogenesis and highlights the utility of comparative variance analyses for inferring processes of morphogenesis.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148595400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Craniofacial growth, modeling, and estimation of milestones. 颅面生长，建模和里程碑的估计。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70292

Richard J Sherwood, Dana L Duren, Christina L Holzhauser, Hee Soo Oh, Manish Valiathan, Kieran P McNulty, Kevin M Middleton

{"title":"Craniofacial growth, modeling, and estimation of milestones.","authors":"Richard J Sherwood, Dana L Duren, Christina L Holzhauser, Hee Soo Oh, Manish Valiathan, Kieran P McNulty, Kevin M Middleton","doi":"10.1002/ar.70292","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ar.70292","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding craniofacial growth is foundational for research into intra- and interspecies variation, evolution, and clinical care. The Craniofacial Growth Consortium Study (CGCS), combines cephalographs from historical growth studies to create a dense longitudinal record of growth from 6 to 22 years of age. Originally comprised of six historical studies, two new collections (Burlington Growth study and the ADA Forsyth Study) are described and added to the CGCS increasing the sample to 2,100 individuals (1,056 males, 1,044 females; median of 9 cephalographs/individual). Coordinate data for 16 cephalometric landmarks, and 48 semilandmarks, were collected from each cephalograph. Cephalometric points were collected independently by three assessors. Previously established error envelopes for each landmark are used to compare the three assessments. If two or more coordinates for a landmark grossly differ, the assessors have the option to retrace; if acceptable, they are averaged for each point. A total of 32 measures were calculated from the coordinates. A multilevel double logistic equation was implemented to estimate growth trajectories fitting each trait separately by sex. The models successfully identified growth milestones (e.g., age at peak growth velocity) for all but a single trait (N-ANS in females). Results demonstrate similarity among milestone estimates and the overall shape of the growth curve for most traits describing craniofacial. A subset of measures of small magnitude had early estimates of age at peak growth velocity and a small peak growth velocity. The six neurocranial traits were characterized as an asymptotic curve with difficulties in milestone estimation.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148564191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A surprise at the tail's end: The bizarre tail vertebrae of reed snakes (Serpentes, Calamariidae) reveal an extraordinary caudal vertebral morphology for Caenophidia. 尾端的惊喜：芦苇蛇（蛇科，菖蒲科）的奇异尾椎揭示了Caenophidia的非凡尾椎形态。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70298

Olaf Lizak, Olivier S G Pauwels, Jonathan Brecko, Georgios L Georgalis

{"title":"A surprise at the tail's end: The bizarre tail vertebrae of reed snakes (Serpentes, Calamariidae) reveal an extraordinary caudal vertebral morphology for Caenophidia.","authors":"Olaf Lizak, Olivier S G Pauwels, Jonathan Brecko, Georgios L Georgalis","doi":"10.1002/ar.70298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70298","url":null,"abstract":"Caudal vertebrae of caenophidian snakes are characterized by the presence of paired haemapophyses-a pattern observed from the earliest-diverging acrochordid lineage to the most derived viperids, and documented in the fossil record from the Late Cretaceous onward, including the basalmost known extinct caenophidian forms. Using micro-computed tomography scanning, we document an extraordinary deviation from this pattern. We examined five species across three genera of the Asian family Calamariidae (Reed snakes) and demonstrate that they, uniquely among Colubroidea, lack haemapophyses throughout the caudal vertebral series, possessing instead prominent haemal keels-a condition that represents a novel diagnostic feature for Calamariidae. This simplification of vertebral morphology, coupled with an extremely reduced number of caudal vertebrae, likely correlates with the fossorial lifestyle characteristic of this snake family. Furthermore, we identify and illustrate unexpected modifications of subcentral structures in certain other caenophidian taxa, that is, a pareid and several distantly related elapoid species. Our findings underscore the significant taxonomic and diagnostic value of caudal vertebral morphology, a skeletal element that has been largely overlooked.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing mechanics and metabolism: Elevational variation in the microanatomy of hummingbird flight muscle. 平衡力学和代谢：蜂鸟飞行肌肉显微解剖的海拔变化。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70286

Juan Camilo Ríos-Orjuela, Juliana Novoa-Páramo, Maria Juliana Villalba Patiño, Zayra Viviana Garavito-Aguilar, Alejandro Rico-Guevara, Carlos Daniel Cadena

{"title":"Balancing mechanics and metabolism: Elevational variation in the microanatomy of hummingbird flight muscle.","authors":"Juan Camilo Ríos-Orjuela, Juliana Novoa-Páramo, Maria Juliana Villalba Patiño, Zayra Viviana Garavito-Aguilar, Alejandro Rico-Guevara, Carlos Daniel Cadena","doi":"10.1002/ar.70286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70286","url":null,"abstract":"Factors varying along elevational gradients impose strong aerodynamic and physiological constraints on powered flight, yet the internal microanatomical variation associated with elevational context in animals under such conditions remains poorly understood. In hummingbirds, sustained hovering requires extreme muscular power output, making the pectoralis muscle a key tissue for evaluating anatomical variation associated with elevational context. We tested whether pectoralis microanatomy differed among hummingbirds sampled at three elevationally distinct sites spanning a ~1500 m gradient in the Colombian Andes. Using tissue morphometry of trichrome-stained transverse sections of the pectoralis, we measured collagen-rich interstitial extracellular matrix fraction as an anatomical proxy and quantified fiber-profile cross-sectional area, packing density, and size heterogeneity. Collagen-rich ECM fraction differed among sites, with the highest values at the mid-elevation site and the lowest values at the high-elevation site. Fiber-profile cross-sectional area tended to be lower and packing density higher at the high-elevation site, although site-level contrasts showed broad uncertainty. Because species identity and site could not be fully disentangled in this limited dataset, these patterns are interpreted as site-associated anatomical variation rather than definitive evidence of elevation-driven adaptation. These results suggest that hummingbird pectoralis microanatomy differs among sampled elevational contexts in a trait-specific manner, with the strongest evidence in fiber geometry. More broadly, our findings highlight that multiple components of muscle microarchitecture, including the extracellular matrix, are consistent with diffusion-related expectations rather than direct evidence of functional performance differences.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of structural heterogeneity in the heart and arteries of African giant rats (Cricetomys gambianus, Waterhouse 1840). 非洲巨鼠心脏和动脉结构异质性的评价（Cricetomys gambianus, Waterhouse 1840）。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70294

K O Okorie, U M Igwebuike, I C Nwaogu

{"title":"Evaluation of structural heterogeneity in the heart and arteries of African giant rats (Cricetomys gambianus, Waterhouse 1840).","authors":"K O Okorie, U M Igwebuike, I C Nwaogu","doi":"10.1002/ar.70294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70294","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological and morphometric features of the heart, aorta and its major branches were investigated in the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus). Gross morphometric analysis of the heart revealed that the left ventricle was approximately five times thicker than the right ventricle. Heart weight had a strong positive correlation with body weight, heart length, right ventricular and interventricular septal wall thicknesses. The aortic arch in the C. gambianus branched into three major arteries: brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery. The abdominal aorta showed parietal and visceral branches. Histologically, the heart showed three basic layers: inner endocardium, middle myocardium and an outer epicardium. The left ventricular myocardium in C. gambianus had three sub layers: superficial, middle and deep, but the right ventricle lacked the middle layer. The aortic and arterial walls exhibited three tunics: intima, media, and adventitia. Elastic arteries had a series of elastic laminae in the tunica media. The number of lamella units varied among arterial segments, with 28-38 lamellae in the aortic arch. Muscular arteries contained mostly circumferentially arranged smooth muscle cells, while the adventitia in both elastic and muscular arteries consisted of loose connective tissue. Histomorphometric analysis of major branches of the aorta revealed that the renal and common iliac arteries showed tunica adventitia that was comparable in thickness to the tunica media. This study provides foundational morphological and morphometric data on the cardiovascular system of C. gambianus, contributing to the understanding of its morphophysiology.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148538020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variable grouping patterns in primates: A test of the better competitor hypothesis in male Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi). 灵长类动物的可变分组模式：雄性维氏狐猴（prothecus verreauxi）竞争优势假说的检验。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70291

Lemeng Li, Stacey R Tecot, Rebecca J Lewis

{"title":"Variable grouping patterns in primates: A test of the better competitor hypothesis in male Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi).","authors":"Lemeng Li, Stacey R Tecot, Rebecca J Lewis","doi":"10.1002/ar.70291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70291","url":null,"abstract":"Intraspecific variation in social organization (IVSO) within primate populations can arise due to male mating competition. Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) populations exhibit both single-male and multi-male groups, providing an opportunity to examine the relationship between male competitive ability and social organization. We predicted that males in single-male groups have traits for excluding competitors compared with dominant males in multi-male groups. We analyzed skeletal and muscular measurements, along with body mass and canine length, from 18 adult male sifaka studied at the Ankoatsifaka Research Station in Kirindy Mitea National Park, Madagascar, between 2007 and 2024. Multivariate patterns of limb morphology associated with fighting and chasing ability were summarized using principal component analysis (PCA), and the first two PCA-derived axes, together with body mass and canine length, were used as predictors in Bayesian logistic regression models of group membership. No morphological trait or PCA-derived component showed a consistent association with group type, with posterior credible intervals overlapping zero. Consequently, variation in male skeletal and muscular morphology alone is insufficient to explain IVSO. Together, these results indicate that although PCA-derived axes capture structured variation in overall limb configuration and proximal-distal functional trade-offs related to fighting and chasing ability, social organization is not determined by male morphology alone, underscoring the importance of female influence and dynamic behavioral and physiological pathways in shaping intraspecific variation in social organization.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148475595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bite force estimates and morphological correlations of jaw muscles in parrots. 鹦鹉颌部肌肉的咬合力估计和形态学相关性。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70288

Ana Carolina L Faillace, Arin Berger, Marcelo Ismar S Santana, Adam Hartstone-Rose

{"title":"Bite force estimates and morphological correlations of jaw muscles in parrots.","authors":"Ana Carolina L Faillace, Arin Berger, Marcelo Ismar S Santana, Adam Hartstone-Rose","doi":"10.1002/ar.70288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70288","url":null,"abstract":"Parrots (Order: Psittaciformes) are renowned for their high bite force (BF) and morphological correlates thereof, including a highly mobile skull and two unique mandibular adductor muscles-m. pseudomasseter and m. ethmomandibularis, with the former being hypothesized to increase force output. High BF has been hypothesized to relate to their generally high seed and grain consumption. However, both in vivo and anatomical BF estimates for this group are limited, and the few empirical studies that exist found no relation between BF and diet in these birds. BF can be anatomically estimated via analysis of the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of each masticatory muscle combined with biomechanical modeling of the skull. Simple single-joint models, based on mammalian mechanics, may not be adequate for application to the complex parrot skull. To this end, we performed sharp dissection and then used chemical digestion in nitric acid to collect masticatory muscle fiber data across a broad sample of 27 species. We then analyzed three biomechanical models of BF estimation as well as possible dietary correlates of the resulting estimates. Our results confirm that parrots do indeed have high BF abilities (up to 242 N in the largest species) and that muscle mass, PCSA, and BF scaled positively against body mass. As previously observed, dietary mechanical properties showed no significant correlation to BF. The two biomechanical models that reflect the more elaborate jaw movements possible in birds estimated greater BF than the simpler mammalian-like model and should be validated with future in vivo BF experiments.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional digital analysis of musteloid masticatory muscle architecture. 舌突咀嚼肌结构的三维数字分析。

IF 2.1

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Pub Date : 2026-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/ar.70271

Cassidy E Davis, Edwin Dickinson, Madison Manzo, Ashley R Deutsch, Jillian S Davis, Michael C Granatosky, Adam Hartstone-Rose

{"title":"Three-dimensional digital analysis of musteloid masticatory muscle architecture.","authors":"Cassidy E Davis, Edwin Dickinson, Madison Manzo, Ashley R Deutsch, Jillian S Davis, Michael C Granatosky, Adam Hartstone-Rose","doi":"10.1002/ar.70271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.70271","url":null,"abstract":"Masticatory muscle architectural properties (i.e., fascicle length [FL] and physiological cross-sectional area [PCSA]) relate to an animal's diet. However, the traditional gross dissection approach to evaluating them destroys the three-dimensional relationships between and within muscles. Recent advances in three-dimensional analytical approaches, particularly diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DiceCT), have been used to evaluate, in primates, both traditional and in situ variables, including tortuosity and fascicular orientation-which can inform the interpretation of a muscle's position on the length-tension curve and its vector of pull, respectively. To evaluate this method's applicability in carnivorans, we used DiceCT to analyze the masticatory musculature of seven dietarily diverse members of the superfamily Musteloidea. Digitally reconstructed muscle masses corresponded to gross dissection values from conspecifics in all but one specimen, a discrepancy we attribute to intraspecific body size variation. Digitally derived FL and PCSA values also broadly agreed with previously reported dissection-based values. No architectural variables (FL, PCSA, or muscle mass) showed consistent correlations with diet in this small sample. As seen in primates, fascicular orientation revealed an anterior-vertical-posterior division among musteloid masseteric components. Tortuosity values also displayed functionally coherent trends: abductors exhibited the lowest tortuosity at occlusion, while the temporalis components showed the highest, aligning with hypothesized gape-dependent activation sequences, for example, the \"triplet\" motor pattern. These findings demonstrate that DiceCT reliably reproduces traditional architectural variables while revealing additional aspects of muscle structure that relate to important functional activation patterns supporting the broader utility of DiceCT for comparative musculoskeletal research across Mammalia.","PeriodicalId":520555,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0