BJC reports最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: A fair trial: the foundations of breast cancer by Steven Narod, Gatekeeper Press, Tampa, Florida, ISBN 9781662943058.","authors":"D Gareth Evans","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00161-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00161-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer risk after preeclampsia: a cohort study in two Nordic populations.","authors":"Golbarg Vesterlund, Xinhe Mao, Mika Gissler, Manuchehr Abedi-Valugerdi, Tiina Skoog, Seppo Heinonen, Pär Sparen, Karin Pettersson, Juha Kere, Kamila Czene, Satu Wedenoja","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00162-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00162-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited evidence suggests that preeclampsia (PE) is associated with reduced cancer risk later in life. We aimed to investigate this using large registry-based cohorts. We hypothesised that enhanced immune activation in PE women, suggested by autoimmune-type reactivity, lowers their subsequent cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilising Medical Birth Registry data from Sweden and Finland, we identified 123,495 women with PE and 3,223,537 women without. Data were cross-linked to the national Cancer Registries. Incidence rate ratios with 95% CIs were calculated and adjusted for maternal birth year, age at first birth, and parity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall cancer risk was significantly lower in Swedish PE women (IRR 0.91) but not in Finnish. Lower IRRs in PE women were found in both cohorts for breast (IRR 0.90 and 0.91), cervical (IRR 0.79 and 0.55) and lung cancer (IRR 0.72 and 0.63), while endometrial cancer showed increased incidence (IRR 1.28 and 1.46). Foetal sex had no impact on cancer risk. Among Swedish siblings to PE women, a slight reduction in cancer risk, driven by lower lung cancer incidence (IRR 0.86), was noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data show a link between PE and subsequent cancer risk, suggesting that shared mechanisms may predispose to PE and influence cancer development.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing financial toxicity for sustainable oncology care in the UK.","authors":"Silvia Riva","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00160-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00160-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoskeleton imaging of colorectal and lung cancer spheroids using light sheet microscopy.","authors":"Sonia Prado-López, Massih Foroughipour, Klaus Becker, Seyed Meraaj Foroughipour, Lukas Weber, Heinz Wanzenboeck, Nika Sarem, Saiedeh Saghafi","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00144-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00144-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three dimensional tumoral models are essential to study cancer biology as they better mimic the complexity of the tumoral masses in vivo. However, to study cancer 3D models' dynamics new technological approaches are required. Most of the deaths related to cancer are caused by metastasis but still many of the metastatic driving processes remain unknown. A fundamental player in the metastatic process is the cytoskeleton. The polymerization of actin monomers in filaments, known as F-actin, is crucial for cell motility. Also, it can be used to detect necrosis, since F-actin is exposed on necrotic cells due to the loss of the cell membrane's integrity. To date, studies of actin dynamics in cancer cells have primarily relied on simplistic 2D models and fluorescence microscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this paper, we propose combining light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) with colorectal cancer (CRC) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) spheroids to study F-actin distribution and exposition with minimal distortions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 6 different areas of F-actin intensity that could be correlated with the proliferative, senescence and necrotic zones previously described in cancer spheroid models in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings proved the power of the proposed LS meso aspheric optics approach to visualize and quantify F-actin in 3D cancer models with a high level of detail. Importantly, our findings also facilitate the assessment of the necrotic area's extent, clearing the path for improved anti-metastatic treatments and more accurate patient prognosis evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequencing and single-cell transcriptomics identify KMT2D inactivation as a potential new driver for pituitary tumors: a case report.","authors":"Maxime Brunner, Jenny Meylan-Merlini, Maude Muriset, Sergey Oreshkov, Andrea Messina, Mahmoud Messerer, Roy Daniel, Ekkehard Hewer, Jean Phillipe Brouland, Federico Santoni","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00155-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00155-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pituitary gland is a main component of the endocrine system and a master controller of hormone production and secretion. Unlike neoplastic formation in other organs, Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs) are frequent in the population (16%) and, for unknown reasons, almost never metastatic. So far, few genes have been identified as drivers for PitNETs, such as GNAS in somatotroph tumors and USP8 in corticotroph tumors. Using whole genome sequencing, we uncover a potential novel driver, the histone methyltransferase KMT2D, in a patient in his 50s suffering from a mixed somato-lactotroph tumor. Coverage ratio between germline and tumor revealed extensive chromosomal alterations. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the tumor shows up-regulation of known tumorigenic pathways compared to a healthy reference, as well as a different immune infiltration profile compared to other PitNETs, more closely resembling the profile of carcinomas than adenomas. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis identified 796 differentially methylated regions, including notable hypomethylation in the promoter of SPON2, an immune-related gene. Our results show that tumors considered quiet and non-aggressive can share drivers, features, and epigenetic alterations with metastatic forms of cancer, raising questions about the biological mechanisms controlling their homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of clinical risk factors on the classification of human cancer-associated fibroblasts in PDAC and pancreatitis patients.","authors":"Viktoria Boeker, Lena Wilke, Ana Mansourkiaei, Van Manh H Le, Kaira A Church, Zoltan Czigany, Bo Kong, Fernanda G Kugeratski, Jörg Kleeff, Jürgen Weitz, Christoph Kahlert","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00150-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00150-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute an important cell population in the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. They can arise from disease-associated fibroblasts (DAFs) to support or restrain tumor growth. How many CAF subtypes exist and what signals drive their development is unclear. Currently, there are three commonly accepted subtypes, namely myofibroblast-like (myCAF), immunomodulatory (iCAF), and antigen-presenting (apCAF). Here, we analyzed the correlation between clinical risk factors with the proportion of each CAF subtype. In our patient cohort (n = 21), we investigated DAFs from patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and CAFs from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients after surgical resection via flow cytometry and RNA expression analysis. The expression of iCAF marker Interleukin-6 displayed significant differences depending on lifestyle factors, such as smoking status, age, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The apCAF marker HLA-DQA1 correlated with age. The largest difference showed the quantitative difference of apCAF markers in ~40% of PDAC- and ~20% of CP patients. In conclusion, clinical risk factors may influence the prevelance of specific CAF subsets. Unraveling the complex interplay between CAFs and tumor cells is crucial for novel therapies to improve long-term survival for pancreatic cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer prognosis and treatment results in patients with PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome (PHTS)-a European cohort study.","authors":"Linda A J Hendricks, Katja C J Verbeek, Janneke H M Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, Robin de Putter, Hilde Brems, Sien H Van Daele, Violetta C Anastasiadou, Lenka Foretová, Patrick R Benusiglio, Anna Gerasimenko, Chrystelle Colas, Marie-Charlotte Villy, Claude Houdayer, Maud Branchaud, Robert Hüneburg, Stefan Aretz, Arne Jahn, Verena Steinke-Lange, Giovanni Innella, Daniela Turchetti, Valeria Barili, Maurizio Genuardi, Arianna Panfili, Margherita Baldassarri, Arvīds Irmejs, Mirjam M de Jong, Thera P Links, Edward M Leter, Daniëlle G M Bosch, Stephany H Donze, Rachel S van der Post, Arjen R Mensenkamp, Harm Westdorp, Hildegunn Høberg-Vetti, Marianne Tveit Haavind, Kjersti Jørgensen, Lovise Mæhle, Siri Briskemyr, Juliette Dupont Garcia, Ana Blatnik, Judith Balmaña, Maite Torres, Joan Brunet, Roser Lleuger-Pujol, Emma Tham, Marc Tischkowitz, D Gareth Evans, Zerin Hyder, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Janet R Vos","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00157-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00157-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome (PHTS) patients have a high hereditary risk of cancer, especially breast (BC), endometrial (EC), and thyroid cancer (TC). However, the prognosis of PHTS-related cancers is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This European cohort study included adult PHTS patients with data from medical files, registries, and/or questionnaires. Overall survival (OS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analyses and were compared with sporadic cancer and the general population using standardized mortality (SMR) and relative survival rates (RSR). Survival bias was addressed using left-truncation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 147 BC patients were included. The 10y-OS was 77% (95%CI = 66-90), decreasing with increasing stage from 90% (95%CI = 73-100) for stage 0 to 0% (95%CI = 0-0) for stage IV. BC relative survival was comparable to sporadic BC in the first two years (2y-RSR = 1.1; 95%CI = 1.1-1.1) and increasing thereafter (5y-RSR = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.6-1.7). For TC (N = 56) and EC (N = 35), 10y-OS was 87% (95%CI = 74-100) and 64% (95%CI = 38-100), respectively. Overall and cancer-specific mortality in female PHTS patients exceeded general population rates (SMR = 3.7; 95%CI = 2.6-5.0 and SMR = 2.7; 95%CI = 1.6-4.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prognosis of PHTS-related cancers was comparable to the general population. The higher overall mortality in PHTS patients is presumably related to their higher cancer incidence. These findings, and the high survival observed in early-stage cancer, emphasise the importance of recognising PHTS early to facilitate cancer surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world treatment outcomes and clinicopathologic and molecular determinants of response to first-line lenvatinib in patients with advanced follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer.","authors":"Kara M Ruicci, Yangqing Deng, Tian Xiao, Antoine Eskander, David Goldstein, Ozgur Mete, Aruz Mesci, Jelena Lukovic, Monika K Krzyzanowska, Carly C Barron, Lucy X Ma","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00153-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00153-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a paucity of real-world data regarding lenvatinib for locally-recurrent, metastatic and RAI-refractory thyroid cancer. Here we examined the efficacy of first-line lenvatinib in a genomically-characterized cohort and identified clinicopathological/molecular correlates of drug response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with advanced follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer who underwent NGS at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and commenced first-line lenvatinib monotherapy between 2015-2023 were included. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank tests and univariable/multivariable proportional hazard models were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 77 patients were included (48% female, majority papillary (52%), poorly differentiated (17%) or invasive encapsulated follicular variant papillary (16%)). Most (79%) underwent total thyroidectomy and adjuvant RAI (median cumulative dose 231 mCi). At lenvatinib initiation, median age was 62.9 years, 68% were ECOG performance status ≥2, 81% had lung metastases, 53% had bone metastases and 8% had liver metastases. Most patients started with ≤14 mg of lenvatinib daily. Median time to treatment discontinuation was 33 months. Older age, ECOG ≥ 2, liver metastases and TP53 mutation(s) were associated with shorter time to treatment discontinuation; ECOG ≥ 2 and TP53 mutation(s) remained significant on multivariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reinforce the clinical efficacy of lenvatinib in advanced thyroid cancer patients with heterogenous clinicopathologic/molecular features and highlight variables for future treatment stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12134128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of recurrences in women diagnosed with early invasive breast cancer using routinely collected data in England.","authors":"Jake Probert, David Dodwell, John Broggio, Robert Coleman, Helen Marshall, Sarah C Darby, Gurdeep S Mannu","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00154-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00154-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in the UK, with around 55,000 women diagnosed annually. Information is routinely available on breast cancer mortality but not on recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a database compiled by the West Midlands Cancer Intelligence Unit during 1997-2011 to develop and train a deterministic algorithm to identify recurrences in routinely collected data (RCD) available within NHS England. We trained the algorithm further using 150 women with stage II-III breast cancer who were recruited into the AZURE trial during 2003-2006 and invited to approximately 24 clinic follow-up visits over ten years. We then evaluated its performance using data for the remaining 1930 women in England in the AZURE trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of the RCD to detect distant recurrences recorded in the AZURE trial during the ten years following randomisation was 95.6% and its sensitivity to detect any recurrence was 96.6%. The corresponding specificities were 91.9% for distant recurrence and 77.7% for any recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate the potential of routinely collected data to identify breast cancer recurrences in England. The algorithm may have a role in several settings and make long-term follow-up in randomised trials of breast cancer treatments more cost-effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary tumour location, molecular alterations, treatments, and outcome in a population-based metastatic colorectal cancer cohort.","authors":"Emerik Osterlund, Klara Hammarström, Luís Nunes, Lucy Mathot, Artur Mezheyeuski, Tobias Sjöblom, Bengt Glimelius","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00156-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00156-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients in trials are selected. The aim was to study mCRC features population-based.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All 765 mCRC patients in the Uppsala region, Sweden, 2010-2020 were identified and analysed for RAS (n = 356/708) and BRAF-V600E (n = 123/708) mutations (mt) and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, n = 58/643).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Right colon primary tumours were associated with BRAF-V600Emt and dMMR and had worse median overall survival (mOS) than left colon or rectal mCRC. RAS&BRAF wildtype (wt) and proficient MMR were seen in 22%, 45%, and 31% of right colon, left colon, and rectum, respectively. Patients with right colon primaries received best supportive care only more often (34% vs 25% vs 24%) and metastasectomy less often (21% vs 31% vs 33%) than left colon and rectal primaries. In molecularly homogeneous subgroups (RAS&BRAFwt/RASmt/BRAF-V600Emt/dMMR) no difference in mOS were seen between right and left colon primaries, whereas rectal primaries had better mOS (26/15/8/9 vs 24/21/8/8 vs 32/23/6/NA months, respectively). This was also the case in homogenous treatment groups. Primary tumour location turned non-significant in multivariable OS analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high variation of BRAF-V600Emt, RASmt, dMMR, and treatment allocation population-based per primary tumour location explain the poor outcome in right-sided cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}