BJC reports最新文献

{"title":"Development of functional spatial mapping of the tumour immune microenvironment (FuncO:TiME) in advanced melanomas.","authors":"Emma Wagner, Samuel Legg, Christopher J Applebee, Amanda R Kirane, Julian Padget, Banafshé Larijani","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00250-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44276-026-00250-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current spatial proteomic approaches quantify immune checkpoint expression but do not directly measure functional receptor-ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) interactions within the tumour-immune microenvironment (TiME). Therapeutic antibodies disrupt receptor-ligand interactions and do not target protein abundance; therefore, methods capable of resolving functional checkpoint interactions may provide biologically distinct insight beyond expression-based assays.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed FuncO:TiME by integrating functional oncology mapping (FuncOmap), histopathology and multiplex spatial immune profiling to map PD-1/PD-L1 interaction states within clinically annotated melanoma tissues collected before and after neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FuncOmap quantified millions of per-pixel PD-1/PD-L1 interactions and revealed marked spatial heterogeneity in checkpoint interactions that were not reflected by PD-1 or PD-L1 expression alone. Post-treatment tissues exhibited increased PD-1/PD-L1 interaction states despite no corresponding increase in expression, highlighting the divergence between functional checkpoint interactions and expression-based measurements. Integrating with spatial immune profiling further demonstrated the feasibility of contextualising regional differences in interaction states within distinct immune populations and patterns of PD-1/PD-L1 expression in melanoma TiMEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We establish the feasibility of FuncO:TiME spatially resolved mapping of functional checkpoint interactions in human melanoma tissues. Our findings demonstrate that receptor-ligand interactions diverge from checkpoint protein expression patterns and support further development of integrated approaches that contextualise functional checkpoint interactions within cellular features of the TiME. Such approaches may enable deeper investigation of checkpoint biology and inform the future development of functionally informed biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149122509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-662 impairs C/D box snoRNA expression and rRNA 2'-O-ribose methylation marks.","authors":"Charlotte Filossi, Caroline Isaac, Mariam Jaafar, Philippe Clézardin, Caroline Moyret-Lalle, Virginie Marcel, Margherita Puppo","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00247-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00247-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MiR-662 overexpression has been reported to promote breast cancer metastatic progression and to impair the expression of genes encoding for proteins involved in translation, ribosome biogenesis and ribosome processing (Puppo et al., 2023); however, the relationship between miR-662 and the translational machinery was not further investigated at the time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MiR-662 was overexpressed in MDA-MB-231-luc2 (NW1) human breast cancer cells. Global protein synthesis was analyzed using polysome profiles. Potential defects in rRNA 47S precursor biogenesis were evaluated by Northern blot. C/D box snoRNA (SNORD) expression was quantified by a medium-throughput RT-qPCR microfluidic dynamic array. rRNA 2'O-ribose methylation (2'Ome) was profiled using RiboMethSeq.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No changes in rRNA synthesis, processing, or maturation were observed upon miR-662 overexpression. In contrast, a marked reduction in the ratio of polysomal to free ribosomal fractions was observed, indicating an impaired mRNA engagement into translation. Interestingly, a drastic decrease in SNORD levels (but not of their host genes) and a global decrease in rRNA 2'Ome was observed upon miR-662 overexpression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The involvement of miRNAs in snoRNA-induced modulation in rRNA epitranscriptomic marks might be a novel mechanism of fine regulation of the ribosome composition with possible repercussions on breast cancer metastatic progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune remodeling and myeloid signature in the bone marrow niche of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma.","authors":"Bethel Tesfai Embaie, Adele M Alchahin, Lilly Velentza, Thale Kristin Olsen, Ioana Maria Gavriliuc, Shenglin Mei, Ninib Baryawno","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00249-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00249-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-risk MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma is associated with a dire prognosis and often metastasizes to the bone marrow. However, systemic immune remodeling and its effect on the bone marrow niche remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Harnessing single-cell RNA sequencing, we compare the bone marrow immune cell landscape of wild-type (WT) mice and TH-MYCN transgenic mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TH-MYCN mice showed increased neutrophils and Cd300e+ myeloid cells, and reduced developing B cells, mirroring our findings in human neuroblastoma bone marrow metastases. Ligand-receptor analysis revealed enrichment of ADGRG and SEMA4 signaling pathways in TH-MYCN bone marrow, highlighting Tgm2-Adgrg1, Sema4D-Plxnb2, and Sema4D-Cd72 interactions as potential immune modulators. In contrast, CD45 and CEACAM pathways were prominent in WT mice, suggesting context-specific immune regulation. A distinct Cd300e+ Pecam1+ myeloid population enriched in TH-MYCN mice, exhibited a gene signature, including Fabp4, Ear2 (Nr2f6), and Treml4, genes associated with neuroblastoma staging and poor survival. FABP4+ macrophages, enriched in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma relapse, have been implicated in enhancing tumor cell migration, invasion, and growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data reveals the distant influence of primary tumors on bone marrow immune composition and signaling. These insights into bone marrow immune remodeling highlight FABP4+ macrophages and semaphorin signaling as potential immunotherapeutic targets to disrupt neuroblastoma progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive analysis of lung cancer status changes over 10 years: results of Moroccan cohort.","authors":"Hassan Abdelilah Tafenzi, Youssef Ait Takniouine, Ismail Essadi, Rhizlane Belbaraka","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00245-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00245-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assessing long-term trends in lung cancer (LC) patients is challenging, particularly in regions with limited data. We present findings from a real-life Moroccan cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with LC as a primary malignancy between January 1st, 2013, and December 31st, 2022. Data were collected from one academic public hospital that, during this period, served as the referral centre for the middle and southern regions of Morocco. Patients', clinic, pathologic, and therapeutic characteristics were described. Analyses assessed temporal trends and stage-specific outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the study period, LC rates were highest among men 88% (1206/1369), aged 55-60 years 22% (297/1369), who were current smokers 90% (1075/1206), while rates among women remained stable. Additionally, a rising trend was observed among NSCLC, particularly adenocarcinoma (56% (34/61) in 2013 vs. 65% (80/124) in 2022; p < 0.001), at the metastatic stage 72% (949/1320), whereas small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remained under-represented at 4.4% (59/1337) in the overall population and 40% (59/146) in the lung neuroendocrine tumour (LNET) population, with stable incidence at 3% (2/70) in 2013 vs. 6% (10/163) in 2018 vs. 1.6% (3/190) in 2022; p = 0.8. Molecular testing was limited to EGFR in 6% of cases, ALK in 4.4%, and PD‑L1 in 5%. Systemic treatment was dominated by chemotherapy ±platinum, and only 7 patients received second‑line erlotinib. No improvement in survival rates was observed, and early mortality remained high 3-month rate: 0% for localised, 13.2% (95% CI, 9.9-17.2) for locally advanced, and 22.2% (95% CI, 19.6-25) for metastatic stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the only, largest, retrospective, real-life cohort study including LC patients in the African region. The trend showed an overall rising LC incidence, a consistent predominance of advanced-stage diagnoses, high mortality rates, and a lack of survival improvement with limited therapeutic options over the studied decade. Strengthening efforts in early detection, tobacco-control, and expanding diagnostic capacity, while ensuring equitable access to biomarker testing and targeted treatments, remains central.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucosal melanoma in 1481 patients in the Netherlands. An overview of metastatic patterns, main driver mutations and the efficacy of therapeutic strategies.","authors":"E Jutten, S Kruijff, M H M Oonk, M F Lutke Holzik, B L van Leeuwen, K P Wevers","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00238-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00238-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucosal melanomas are a rare melanoma subtype with poor prognosis. This project aimed to identify the main driver mutations of the different mucosal melanomas and to evaluate the efficacy of targeted/immunotherapies in patients with metastatic disease in current practice. In addition, the baseline clinicopathological characteristics, metastatic patterns, and primary treatment strategies and survival of mucosal melanoma subtypes were studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Dutch nationwide pathology databank (Palga) and the Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL) were queried for all patients with a diagnosis of mucosal melanoma (1989-2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dataset included a total of 1481 patients. Mutation status was assessed in 397 patients and in 170 patients (43%) a driver mutation was discovered. Patients with metastatic disease who received targeted/immunotherapy did show a better survival. The liver and lung were the predominant locations of the first metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data in the present study implies that patients with metastatic disease mucosal melanoma might benefit from targeted/immunotherapies. Molecular analysis should be considered in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary volatilomics using liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with machine learning algorithms as a tool for diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial bladder cancer.","authors":"Ignacio Deza, Ben de Lacy Costello, Natalia Drabińska-Fois, Paul White, Norman Ratcliffe, Henry Lazarowicz, Chris Probert","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00244-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00244-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the United Kingdom, with approximately 10,500 new cases annually. Diagnosis and surveillance typically involve cystoscopy, an expensive, time-consuming, and uncomfortable procedure which has encouraged efforts to identify biomarkers, particularly in urine, given its direct contact with malignant tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urine collected from 100 participants (50 bladder cancer patients, 50 controls) was subjected to solvent extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine potential volatile and semi-volatile biomarkers. The results were analysed using classical univariate statistics and machine learning methods. Five machine learning algorithms were evaluated, with recursive feature elimination (RFE) identifying optimal biomarker panels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Machine learning with XGBoost achieved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.869 (95% CI: 0.740-0.988), representing a significant improvement over the classical statistical approach (AUROC 0.752). An 8-metabolite panel achieved balanced sensitivity and specificity of 85%, or 95% sensitivity with 70% specificity when optimised for screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that solvent extraction of urine shows promise for isolating putative biomarkers of bladder cancer. Employing machine learning achieved diagnostic accuracy potentially suitable for clinical deployment as a non-invasive bladder cancer detection tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of exercise and cancer-related fatigue among patients with lymphoma.","authors":"Shintaro Inoue, Kenta Kawamitsu, Shota Okuno, Tsubasa Yokote, Kengo Shirado, Junichi Kiyasu","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00246-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00246-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise is recognized for its efficacy in alleviating cancer-related fatigue (CRF). However, the effect of high-frequency exercise on CRF has not been clarified. This study aimed to elucidate the association between exercise frequency during hospitalization and CRF in patients with lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with lymphoma admitted for chemotherapy who were advised to engage in aerobic and resistance training once daily, six days per week. Exercise frequency was calculated as the percentage of hospitalization days during which therapy was administered. Participants were categorized into two groups based on exercise frequency. CRF was evaluated using the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS), comprising 15 items that assess physical, affective, and cognitive factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 130 patients (median age: 72 [range: 66 -78] years) were eligible to participate. The median frequency of exercise was 71.4%. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the exercise frequency significantly affected the physical CFS score at discharge. However, no statistically significant relationship was observed between exercise participation frequency and other CFS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher-frequency exercise was significantly associated with a reduction in CRF at discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) testing of high-grade serous carcinoma using cytological samples.","authors":"Izadora Demmer, Michael Bento Schmid, Diana Born, Gabriel Handschin, Wolfram Jochum","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00241-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00241-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is associated with increased sensitivity to PARP inhibitor therapy in various cancer types, including high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Current guidelines recommend HRD testing to guide treatment decisions in HGSG. The majority of HRD assays rely on tumour tissue analysis. The main objective of this study was to assess cytological HGSC samples for HRD testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Next generation sequencing using the Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay Plus (OCAP) panel was performed on 110 matched cytological and histological samples from 55 treatment-naïve HGSC patients to determine the mutational status of 15 homologous recombination repair (HRR)-associated genes including BRCA1/2, and the HRD status based on BRCA1/2 mutational status and genomic instability metric (GIM). Concordance analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to matched histological samples, cytological HGSC samples revealed an overall concordance rate of 89.7% for HRR-associated gene mutations and of 100% for BRCA1/2 mutations, respectively. A moderate correlation between GIM values (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.48), but an overall concordance rate of 90.9% for the HRD status was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that cytological HGSC samples can be employed for HRR-associated gene mutation and HRD testing using next generation sequencing with the OCAP panel.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes from the NHS-Galleri trial: the good, the bad, and the uncertain.","authors":"Nitzan Rosenfeld","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00243-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00243-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic challenges of a renal collision tumour comprising clear cell renal cell carcinoma and metastatic breast carcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Ajp Fulton, A Y Warren, S Appukutty, A Matakidou, W Ince, B O'Carrigan, K Fife, T Eisen, A Shakur, G D Stewart, K McAdam, J O Jones","doi":"10.1038/s44276-026-00233-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-026-00233-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collision tumours, defined by the coexistence of two histologically distinct neoplasms within a single organ, are rare and typically arise from different cell lineages. We report a unique case of a 64-year-old woman with a history of oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative breast carcinoma who developed a renal mass later identified as a collision tumour comprising clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and metastatic breast carcinoma. Initial imaging and biopsy suggested ccRCC alone; however, post-nephrectomy histopathology revealed metastatic breast carcinoma foci within the ccRCC and renal sinus fat, confirmed by ER, GATA3, and mammaglobin positivity. This case highlights diagnostic challenges in distinguishing synchronous primaries from metastases, particularly where biopsy sampling may obscure dual pathology. Management required balancing treatment of localised ccRCC with systemic therapy for metastatic breast cancer. Multidisciplinary evaluation is essential to guide optimal care.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13434809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}