{"title":"Long-term outcomes of consecutive patients of oropharyngeal cancer treated with radical radiotherapy.","authors":"Ashwini Budrukkar, Sheetal R Kashid, Monali Swain, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Neha Mittal, Manoj Mahimkar, Ajay Sasidharan, Asawari Patil, Usha Patel, Vedang Murthy, Tejpal Gupta, Vijay Patil, Amit Joshi, Vanita Noronha, Shwetabh Sinha, Anuj Kumar, Nandini Menon, Munita Bal, Kumar Prabhash, Jai Prakash Agarwal","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00164-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00164-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Given the wide variation in the incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV and assess treatment outcomes in patients with OPSCC treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CT) at a single institution in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients of OPSCC treated with definitive RT + /-CT in a tertiary care centre from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six-hundred-thirty patients with OPSCC were treated with definitive RT + /-CT. The median age was 56 years (IQR 48-62). As per American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7<sup>th</sup> edition, 24 (3.8%) were stage I, 63 (10%) were stage II, 113 (18%) were stage III, 375 (59.5%) were stage IVA, and 55 (8.7%) were stage IVB. HPV status was known for 500 patients of which 55 (11%) were p16 immunohistochemistry positive. At a median follow-up of 73.3 months (IQR 58-89), 5-year local control (LC), loco-regional control (LRC), disease-free-survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 48.1%, 35.6%, 29.2% and 34.5%, respectively. HPV-positive cohort showed significantly better outcomes compared to HPV-negative cohort with 5-year LC, LRC, DFS, OS of 84.4% vs 43.5% (p < 0.001), 71.3% vs 31.8% (p < 0.001), 63.9% vs 26.1% (p < 0.0001) and 69.1% vs 31.9% (p < 0.001) respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of HPV-positive OPSCC by p16 IHC was only 11% in our cohort. The outcomes of HPV-negative cancers are inferior when compared to HPV-positive cancers for a particular stage. Thereby justifying the need for development of treatment-intensifying strategies to improve the inferior outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monoclonal antibody for phosphorylated TRIO Y2681 that helps predict prognosis of post-operative colorectal cancer patients.","authors":"Taro Aoyama, Fumihiko Kakizaki, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Masahiro Sonoshita, Hisatsugu Maekawa, Yoshiro Itatani, Kenji Kawada, Ryo Matsusue, Iwao Ikai, Koki Moriyoshi, Takaki Sakurai, Kazutaka Obama, Tosiya Shun Sato, Yoshiharu Sakai, Makoto Mark Taketo","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00163-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00163-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously reported that TRIO pY2681, a novel prognostic biomarker for CRC, can be detected by polyclonal antibodies (pAb). We have now developed a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes TRIO pY2681. This study aims to assess the utility of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using the TRIO pY2681 mAb as a prognostic marker for CRC in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>IHC using TRIO pY2681 mAb was performed on surgical specimens from 357 CRC patients at Kyoto Medical Center and 320 at Kyoto University Hospital. Based on the results, we conducted a retrospective outcome analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TRIO pY2681 mAb exhibited significantly higher titers than pAb. In both cohorts of all stages, TRIO pY2681 IHC positivity correlated with shorter disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.00-2.79; P = 0.046, and HR, 5.84; 95% CI, 2.26-15.1; P < 0.001) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.15-3.22; P = 0.011, and HR, 4.36; 95% CI, 2.17-8.76; P < 0.001). The trend persisted in stage III. Multivariate analysis confirmed TRIO pY2681 IHC positivity as an independent prognostic factor for RFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The novel TRIO pY2681 mAb identifies CRC patient subsets with poorer prognoses, enhancing prognostic precision in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Circulating tumor DNA monitoring detects minimal residual disease and predicts outcomes in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma after esophagectomy.","authors":"Qingjiang Hu, Yasue Kimura, Shinichiro Ikeda, Yasushi Tanaka, Tomonori Nakanoko, Mitsuhiko Ota, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Masatoshi Eto, Eiji Oki","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00158-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00158-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring shows promise for detecting minimal residual disease (MRD) and predicting prognosis in various cancers, but its role in esophageal cancer (EC) post-esophagectomy is unclear. This study evaluated ctDNA for detecting MRD and predicting outcomes in EC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-step observational study included 40 EC patients (36 squamous cell carcinoma and 4 adenocarcinoma) undergoing upfront surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by esophagectomy. Plasma samples (n = 124) were collected at six time points, and ctDNA was assessed by next-generation sequencing using an in-house cancer panel. Associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-therapy ctDNA levels correlated with tumor stage (P = 0.01). Changes in ctDNA levels predicted tumor progression with an area under the curve of 0.77. Postsurgical ctDNA positivity predicted recurrence earlier than radiographic evidence (median: 90 days) and was associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) across all patients (RFS hazard ratio [HR]: 11.1, P = 0.006; PFS HR: 12.6, P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ctDNA assessment is a reliable tool for detecting MRD and predicting outcomes in EC patients after esophagectomy. This approach provides earlier indications of recurrence and can guide personalized postoperative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12290085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144710484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BJC reportsPub Date : 2025-07-11DOI: 10.1038/s44276-025-00167-w
Annelie Augustinsson, Christopher Godina, Linn Nilsson, Kelin Gonçalves de Oliveira, Karolin Isaksson, Helena Jernström
{"title":"Interplay between AHR genotypes, lifestyle factors and adjuvant breast cancer treatments significantly impacts clinical outcome in a population-based cohort.","authors":"Annelie Augustinsson, Christopher Godina, Linn Nilsson, Kelin Gonçalves de Oliveira, Karolin Isaksson, Helena Jernström","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00167-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00167-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose was to evaluate the prognostic impact of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) genotypes in relation to lifestyle and adjuvant treatments in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AHR genotyping was performed on genomic DNA from 1701 patients included 2002-2016 in Lund, Sweden, and followed for up to 15 years. Eight AHR polymorphisms and eight haplotypes were analysed using survival and interaction analyses in relation to prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Homozygosity for major allele frequencies was 42.1%-88.5%. AHR genotypes linked to lower AHR expression conferred differential prognosis combined with smoking, alcohol, antioxidant supplements, chemotherapy or endocrine therapy, with interactions between exposures and genotypes. Preoperative antioxidants combined with minor alleles of AHR_6 or AHR_9 conferred three-fold risks for breast cancer events, not seen in other patients (P<sub>interactions</sub> ≤ 0.016). Interactions between the CGATTAGC haplotype and chemotherapy revealed five-fold risks for breast cancer events or death compared to other haplotypes or no chemotherapy (P<sub>interactions</sub> ≤ 0.010). AHR genotypes were not prognostic in radiation therapy-treated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prognostic impact of AHR genotypes depended on lifestyle and treatments, possibly due to the role of AhR as master regulator of metabolism, hypoxia, DNA repair and immune response. If confirmed, these findings may contribute to more personalised lifestyle recommendations and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BJC reportsPub Date : 2025-07-10DOI: 10.1038/s44276-025-00159-w
Layla Mathieson, Phoebe Jones, Lilian Koppensteiner, Liam Neilson, David A Dorward, Richard O'Connor, Ahsan R Akram
{"title":"Patient derived cancer-associated fibroblasts from non-small cell lung cancer undergo phenotypic drift in culture.","authors":"Layla Mathieson, Phoebe Jones, Lilian Koppensteiner, Liam Neilson, David A Dorward, Richard O'Connor, Ahsan R Akram","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00159-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00159-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the predominant cell type in the stroma of many solid organ malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They exhibit considerable phenotypic and functional heterogeneity and are widely used in functional assays and co-culture models. CAF research frequently involves the in vitro expansion and maintenance of CAFs to facilitate functional assays and co-culture studies. However, less is known about how in vitro culture temporally affects CAF phenotype.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We characterised the phenotype of CAFs from NSCLC patients compared to non-cancerous lung fibroblasts using conventional in vitro conditions by tracking changes in CAF subset marker expression levels by flow cytometry. Additional transcriptomic and functional analyses were performed to determine differences between CAFs and non-cancerous fibroblasts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that CAFs from NSCLC undergo phenotypic drift in culture, and that there is a convergence to a subset phenotype predominantly upregulated in non-cancerous lung. Additionally, we demonstrate the phenotype, transcriptome and function of fibroblasts converge between CAFs and fibroblasts from non-cancerous lung by the third culture passage, suggesting that in vitro conditions promote this phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We highlight the need to understand and monitor the culture phenotype during functional studies with CAFs, as the heterogeneity found in the tumour microenvironment is rapidly lost in cultured cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12246254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BJC reportsPub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1038/s44276-025-00139-0
Alexis M Maagdenberg, Annegé Vledder, Sterre T Paijens, Annechien Plat, Floris Foijer, Hans W Nijman, Marco de Bruyn
{"title":"IL-6R expression is an independent prognostic factor in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.","authors":"Alexis M Maagdenberg, Annegé Vledder, Sterre T Paijens, Annechien Plat, Floris Foijer, Hans W Nijman, Marco de Bruyn","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00139-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00139-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HGSOC is the leading cause of death among all gynaecological malignancies. We recently identified that genomically unstable cancers that display high levels of chromosomal instability, including HGSOC, rely on a cGAS/STING/IL-6R autocrine loop for survival. Here, we determined the prevalence of IL-6R expression in HGSOC samples to identify patients that could potentially benefit from treatment inhibiting IL-6R.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemical staining of IL-6R and STING in a well-characterized cohort of advanced-stage HGSOC patients (N = 268) was digitally quantified. After excluding patients with less than two cores or an \"unknown\" alive status, the resulting data of 230 patients was correlated with overall survival, and relevant histopathological, clinical, genetic, and therapeutic variables were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of patient cores were positive for IL-6R and STING, where the staining intensity for IL-6R was more varied, while STING had a more consistent expression. We found that IL-6R expression is associated with improved survival. Multivariate analyses also identified that IL-6R, BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation, primary treatment, and surgical outcome are strong independent prognostic factors of overall survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that ~37% of HGSOC patients might benefit from treatment targeting IL-6R. The high prevalence and underlying molecular data warrant further investigation in a clinical trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BJC reportsPub Date : 2025-07-04DOI: 10.1038/s44276-025-00161-2
D Gareth Evans
{"title":"Book Review: A fair trial: the foundations of breast cancer by Steven Narod, Gatekeeper Press, Tampa, Florida, ISBN 9781662943058.","authors":"D Gareth Evans","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00161-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00161-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BJC reportsPub Date : 2025-07-03DOI: 10.1038/s44276-025-00162-1
Golbarg Vesterlund, Xinhe Mao, Mika Gissler, Manuchehr Abedi-Valugerdi, Tiina Skoog, Seppo Heinonen, Pär Sparen, Karin Pettersson, Juha Kere, Kamila Czene, Satu Wedenoja
{"title":"Cancer risk after preeclampsia: a cohort study in two Nordic populations.","authors":"Golbarg Vesterlund, Xinhe Mao, Mika Gissler, Manuchehr Abedi-Valugerdi, Tiina Skoog, Seppo Heinonen, Pär Sparen, Karin Pettersson, Juha Kere, Kamila Czene, Satu Wedenoja","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00162-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00162-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited evidence suggests that preeclampsia (PE) is associated with reduced cancer risk later in life. We aimed to investigate this using large registry-based cohorts. We hypothesised that enhanced immune activation in PE women, suggested by autoimmune-type reactivity, lowers their subsequent cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilising Medical Birth Registry data from Sweden and Finland, we identified 123,495 women with PE and 3,223,537 women without. Data were cross-linked to the national Cancer Registries. Incidence rate ratios with 95% CIs were calculated and adjusted for maternal birth year, age at first birth, and parity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall cancer risk was significantly lower in Swedish PE women (IRR 0.91) but not in Finnish. Lower IRRs in PE women were found in both cohorts for breast (IRR 0.90 and 0.91), cervical (IRR 0.79 and 0.55) and lung cancer (IRR 0.72 and 0.63), while endometrial cancer showed increased incidence (IRR 1.28 and 1.46). Foetal sex had no impact on cancer risk. Among Swedish siblings to PE women, a slight reduction in cancer risk, driven by lower lung cancer incidence (IRR 0.86), was noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data show a link between PE and subsequent cancer risk, suggesting that shared mechanisms may predispose to PE and influence cancer development.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BJC reportsPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1038/s44276-025-00160-3
Silvia Riva
{"title":"Addressing financial toxicity for sustainable oncology care in the UK.","authors":"Silvia Riva","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00160-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00160-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cytoskeleton imaging of colorectal and lung cancer spheroids using light sheet microscopy.","authors":"Sonia Prado-López, Massih Foroughipour, Klaus Becker, Seyed Meraaj Foroughipour, Lukas Weber, Heinz Wanzenboeck, Nika Sarem, Saiedeh Saghafi","doi":"10.1038/s44276-025-00144-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44276-025-00144-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three dimensional tumoral models are essential to study cancer biology as they better mimic the complexity of the tumoral masses in vivo. However, to study cancer 3D models' dynamics new technological approaches are required. Most of the deaths related to cancer are caused by metastasis but still many of the metastatic driving processes remain unknown. A fundamental player in the metastatic process is the cytoskeleton. The polymerization of actin monomers in filaments, known as F-actin, is crucial for cell motility. Also, it can be used to detect necrosis, since F-actin is exposed on necrotic cells due to the loss of the cell membrane's integrity. To date, studies of actin dynamics in cancer cells have primarily relied on simplistic 2D models and fluorescence microscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this paper, we propose combining light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) with colorectal cancer (CRC) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) spheroids to study F-actin distribution and exposition with minimal distortions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 6 different areas of F-actin intensity that could be correlated with the proliferative, senescence and necrotic zones previously described in cancer spheroid models in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings proved the power of the proposed LS meso aspheric optics approach to visualize and quantify F-actin in 3D cancer models with a high level of detail. Importantly, our findings also facilitate the assessment of the necrotic area's extent, clearing the path for improved anti-metastatic treatments and more accurate patient prognosis evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":519964,"journal":{"name":"BJC reports","volume":"3 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}