Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024最新文献

{"title":"How Corporations Succeed by Solving World's Toughest Problems - Tackling Climate Change with an Elite Business Research Consortium and AI-Enhanced Leadership: Decision-Making Endeavor in the Face of Climate Change","authors":"Muhammad Affan Uddin Ali Khan, Clifford Louis, Abdul Ahad Manzoor, Syed Imran Ali, Shaine Muhammadali Laliji, Syed Muhammad Aun Ali, J. Haneef, Faiq Azhar Abbasi, Muhammad Sami Khan, Syed Talha Tirmizi, Muhamad Kamran","doi":"10.2523/iptc-24189-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24189-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aims to contribute to the success of corporations in addressing global challenges, specifically focusing on climate change. The primary objective is to enhance the heat resistance capabilities of materials crucial for geothermal energy extraction, a key renewable energy source with minimal carbon footprint. Presently, Iceland leads in global geothermal energy production, emphasizing the significance of optimizing extraction methods. Previous research faced challenges due to suboptimal material selection, hindering drilling to greater depths. This study proposes a novel solution—employing innovative material coatings on drilling bits and pipes, utilizing metallic compounds with exceptional heat resistance properties. The coating strategy involves leaving pipes uncoated up to a depth where they naturally withstand heat, with subsequent application for greater depths. This approach promises cost-effective materials capable of enduring extreme conditions in geothermal drilling, fostering higher drilling depths and cost efficiency. Implementation projections suggest significant facilitation of geothermal energy extraction, particularly in abandoned wells near tectonic plate boundaries, reducing extraction costs. The study underscores the societal benefits of tapping into indigenous renewable energy sources, emphasizing the minimal carbon footprint of geothermal energy. The proposed material-coating approach aligns with global efforts to combat climate change and presents a strategic decision-making endeavor for corporations to contribute to environmental sustainability.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Well Collision Risk Management by Fully Automated Wellbore Surveying","authors":"M. ElGizawy, N. Zackman, J. Hernandez, F. Gomez, A. Row","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23986-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23986-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A survey program is designed for every well to meet the well objective of penetrating the target reservoir and avoid colliding with other offset wells. The selection of the wellbore survey tools within the survey program is limited in number and accuracy by the surveying technologies available in the industry currently. Quality Control QC measures are regularly in place to ensure the wellbore surveys’ accuracy is validated. However, wellbore surveys often delivered without conducting the full QC measures and sometime are delivered with failing QC measures. This increases the risk of missing the survey program's objective and more critical escalates the risk of the well collision with other wells.\u0000 Hence, quality control of survey correction is a key to the success of the overall objectives of the well construction. As automated survey-correction software is becoming commonplace among oil and gas operators it is important to consider its use in relation to the overall well risk management strategies. This paper is presenting the latest developed automation workflows to strictly guarantee the quality control and quality assurance of the wellbore survey while placing the well in real-time.\u0000 Automated Survey QC and correction platforms go a long way to reduce gross error or human related errors with algorithms and machine to machine data transfer protocols. Automated survey QC and correction platforms can be key components in robust risk management solutions for well construction. When implemented appropriately, they allow quick and automated quality check and corrections on wellbore trajectory position which is critical in Anti-Collision and tight target wells. Even though the correction platform is automated it still requires clarity and confidence in the algorithms. This can be achieved with features that are easily accessible, clear, and understandable to inexperienced users. In addition, there should be readily reachable domain experts who can confirm and further interpret the results quickly and clearly, especially when well objectives are in peril of not being met.\u0000 In this paper, automated survey QC and correction enablers are detailed. How quality control of survey correction are automated, strictly controlled and easily auditable. Additionally, case studies of well construction risk management are presented as well as the successful proof of eliminating human/gross error and non-compliance are demonstrated.\u0000 The wellbore position is calculated using wellbore surveys. The fact the surveys inherit errors due to tools and environment, the quality of surveys must be ensured and corrected in real-time. The presented technique automates the survey QC and correction process in real-time with a main objective to minimize the risk of colliding with another well or missing the production zone targets while being part of a robust risk management structure.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainty Quantification and Management in Model Calibration and History Matching with Ensemble Kalman Methods","authors":"A. A. Al-Turki, K. J. Hammad, S. B. Sudirman, Z. N. Sawlan","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23786-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23786-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 History matching field performance is a time-consuming, complex and ill-posed inverse problem that yields multiple plausible solutions. This is due to the inherent uncertainty associated with geological and flow modeling. The history matching must be performed diligently with the ultimate objective of availing reliable prediction tools for managing the oil and gas assets. Our work capitalizes on the latest development in ensemble Kalman techniques, namely, the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) and Ensemble Smoother (ES) to properly quantify and manage reservoir models’ uncertainty throughout the process of calibration and history matching.\u0000 Iterative ensemble algorithms have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of the existing methods such as the lack of data assimilation capabilities and abilities to quantify and manage uncertainties, in addition to the huge number of simulations runs required to complete a study. In this work, NORNE benchmark model was used to generate an initial ensemble of 40 to 50 equally probable reservoir models was generated with variable areal, vertical permeability and porosity. The initial ensemble captured the most influencing reservoir properties, which will be propagated and honored by the subsequent ensemble iterations. Data misfits between the field historical data and simulation data are calculated for each of the realizations of reservoir models to quantify the impact of reservoir uncertainty, and to perform the necessary changes on horizontal, vertical permeability and porosity values for the next iteration. Each generation of the optimization process reduces the data misfit compared to the previous iteration. The process continues until a satisfactory field level and well level history match is reached or when there is no more improvement.\u0000 The application of the Iterative ensemble algorithms is demonstrated by history matching NORNE benchmark model. Multiple iterative ensemble smoothers with adaptive inflation and localization techniques were implemented and compared. The ES algorithms preserved key geological features of the reservoir model throughout the history matching process. During this study, ES served as a bridge between classical control theory solutions and Bayesian probabilistic solutions of sequential inverse problems. The methods demonstrated good tracking qualities while giving some estimate of uncertainty as well.\u0000 The updated reservoir properties (horizontal, vertical permeability and porosity values) are conditioned throughout the ES iterations (cycles), maintaining consistency with the initial geological understanding. The workflow resulted in enhanced history match quality in shorter turnaround time with much fewer simulation runs than the traditional genetic or evolutionary algorithms. The geological realism of the model is retained for robust prediction and development planning.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite Repair Validation and Testing: Offshore and Onshore Pipeline Correlation and Findings","authors":"J. Petch, P. Suchada, T. Matina","doi":"10.2523/iptc-24583-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24583-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Composite wrapping has seen increased usage in both offshore and onshore production assets for the purpose of addressing faults and repairing spots on piping, risers, and pipelines. Validation of repair techniques and products is crucial to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of composite materials utilization. The primary objectives of this study are to establish criteria for validating the Composite Wrap Repair technique, develop a framework for re-validation, and distinguish between materials and protocols used for onshore and offshore pipeline integrity repairs. This study is divided into two parts, examining the principles and standards of Composite Repair products and evaluating their performance in their intended environment. Our product line includes composite repair solutions for both onshore and offshore pipelines. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive analysis of non-destructive testing (NDT) procedures for inspecting and re-validating composite repairs. The project will investigate the use of composite materials for repairing pipelines located both offshore and onshore. We are currently conducting a study on Composite Repair Inspection Techniques, focusing on their on-site application, limitations, and any proof-of-concept findings. We are looking for excellent insights in this area. Through these two component investigations, revalidation criteria and a framework were obtained.\u0000 A study has been carried out on various composite repair materials and systems that are commonly used in the oil and gas industry. The main emphasis was on understanding their characteristics and evaluating their performance. The study resulted in a deeper understanding of the materials in question. This study sought to examine the mechanical parameters and performance of the chosen products in different load conditions and operating environments, both onshore and offshore. The main goal was to validate the failure mechanisms. Furthermore, a thorough assessment of the main elements has been conducted following the guidelines set by ASTM and ISO standards. This evaluation has been compared to enable further on-site inspections, ensuring the validation of composite wrap repairs currently in use. The evaluation of the proof-of-concept non-destructive testing (NDT) inspection procedures has identified four distinct and promising methods. These methods include contour and digital radiographic scan, infrared thermography, and CT scanner. These methods can be implemented and validated on-site, depending on the desired outcomes. The final section was evaluated to determine the criteria for validation and revalidation, as well as the process of developing them for future use. The study highlights the different reasons behind the failure of composite repair solutions for onshore and offshore pipelines, which are primarily related to the adhesive ingredients and fiber alignment. Prior to deploying each product on assets, a thorough analysis was conducted to as","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Commingled Production Using Geochemical Production Allocation","authors":"S. Mejia, N. Markano, L. Marquez, B. Bonfanti, O. Cortez, A. Paladines, E. Fernandez, S. Piñeiros, E. Alba, M. Mendoza, E. Molina, J. Reyes","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23972-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23972-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In Ecuador commingled production is being used as a strategy to fulfill the government's objective of increasing production. A key challenge in commingled production is how efficiently quantify the contribution of individual reservoirs to support production allocation to the zones meeting the regulation requirement. Geochemical fingerprinting is a fast, viable, and cost-efficient method for production back-allocation. The application has been successfully applied and technically validated for the first time in Ecuador, opening a vast business opportunity.\u0000 The feasibility, testing and implementation in a major field is covered in this paper. The geochemical allocation method compares the oil fluid composition of representative samples acquired from each reservoir (end members). The method seeks sufficient compositional information at zone level to calculate the zone contributions from the commingled well production composition. This analysis requires high-resolution gas chromatography and geochemistry interpretation, supported by a specialized software.\u0000 A production allocation feasibility study was conducted initially to define if end members collected from seven reservoirs in 17 fields could be differentiated in mixtures based on a chemical distance analysis. The chemical distance analysis shows that oils from some reservoirs are very distinctive, while others are very similar, indistinguishable from each other. One advantage is that the sensitivity of the geochemical analysis allows the differentiation of even the very similar oils in mixtures, enabling the calculation of end-member contributions.\u0000 Production was back-allocated in the commingled wells and was compared with the results obtained by traditional production logging tool (PLT) measurements in a cross-validated case study. The technology was successfully validated against traditional approaches such as PLT. The outstanding results show 2% difference between the technologies, which resulted in the approval by the client and raised the interest of the Ecuadorian regulation entity to use this technology as a complementary tool of the traditional technologies.\u0000 The cost of the proposed alternative represents about 5% of the frequently used methods price. Therefore, all the existing commingled wells in the oilfield are frequently monitored using geochemical production allocation without impacting the oil production. Commingled production has maximized the field value by increasing production revenue while optimizing costs.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the Chain, Novel Use of Adaptive Model Approach for Reservoir Modelling Reduces Time Duration of Project and Improves Collaboration","authors":"A. R. Thompson, C. E. Z. Bolivar","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23935-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23935-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper details how the reservoir modelling workflow can be accelerated, and uncertainty reduced even for challenging Green Field prospects by constructing multiple small fit for purpose integrated adaptive models instead of just one all-encompassing model.\u0000 Adaptive models are models built with a single purpose as compared to more conventional reservoir models which are designed to be flexible and be used for multiple purposes. By only having a single task, these adaptive models can be built more quickly and since they are used as tool, not the product, they do not need to be reviewed. Multiple different adaptive models are built to handle different questions ranging from production data QC, different facies models going through to local history matches. As the study progresses, these adaptive models can be combined to consider multiple components and their influence on each other to ensure compatibility and to possibly feed information to the modeling effort for the full field model. As the project finalizes, these adaptive models work like jigsaw pieces to come together to create the finalized picture/model.\u0000 In the application of adaptive models within an integrated reservoir study, the most obvious benefit is being able to complete the static and dynamic aspects of the model building in parallel and subsequently be able to move more quickly to the deployment of the model for placing wells. Another key benefit was that it was possible to evaluate and defend new concepts or methods in reservoir modeling. Integrating new components into an existing modeling doctrine is challenging as significant time has to be expended and this has to be justified in advance of knowing the impact of the new item. With adaptive models, it is possible to evaluate out of doctrine ideas in parallel and off critical path. If the results are positive, the adaptive model is available to justify the benefit of the change and to also act as a comparison to the result following the doctrine.\u0000 This innovative workflow enables more efficient working by reducing the number of items on the critical path while simultaneously improving integration by enabling static and dynamic data to be integrated before the static model is finalized. In addition, this approach is a driver for innovation as it enables new ideas to be evaluated more rapidly and without having to impact the critical path of the project.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annulus Testing as the Integrity Management Method for Steel-Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe","authors":"K. Kovalenko","doi":"10.2523/iptc-24549-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24549-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Decarbonization efforts by the energy industry have driven a strong focus on implementing corrosion-resistant non-metallic pipe technologies. Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipes (RTP) comprise a popular family of pipe products that combine high-pressure ratings with the benefits of spoolable products. Due to their multi-layered structure, RTP pipe products face challenges when operators try to employ traditional non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technologies for inspection and integrity verification. This creates a unique opportunity for RTP pipe manufacturers and pipeline operators to employ innovative inspection and maintenance practices.\u0000 Construction damage is statistically the most common cause of failures in RTP pipeline systems. RTP pipes typically include an inner polymer liner, an intermediate reinforcement layer, and an outer polymer shield. The role of the shield is to protect the reinforcement material from external environmental elements such as soil and groundwater. Construction damage that involves only the external pipe shield and does not involve the pipe reinforcement is challenging to detect. If left undetected, such damage may lead to the deterioration of the reinforcement material over time, potentially resulting in a loss of containment. Some RTP pipe products, including Flexible Steel-reinforced Pipe (FSP), have a built-in annulus space between the liner and the shield. This inherent feature allows for the introduction of an annulus test for a pipeline constructed from the FSP. The annulus test is a pneumatic pressure test that confirms the integrity of the pipe shield at different stages of the pipeline life cycle.\u0000 Annulus testing performed during pipeline operation or maintenance offers an excellent way to verify the nonmetallic pipeline integrity and detect external damage that may have occurred, for example, due to third-party intervention. Once external pipe damage is detected, the operator can take steps to repair the pipeline and prevent a potential loss of containment. While such testing is well-known in the offshore pipeline industry, it has not been widely used in composite onshore pipeline applications.\u0000 Modern pipeline design, construction, and integrity management standards are beginning to acknowledge and incorporate RTP pipe products and associated best practices. In 2022, the newly published API Recommended Practice 15SA named annulus testing as a method for integrity verification of spoolable reinforced line pipe products. This method has become an essential part of Preventative Maintenance and Inspection Programs for composite pipelines. This publication explains how the annulus testing method makes composite pipelines safer and improves their long-term performance.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"76 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Solution for Well Surveillance in Stacked Reservoirs with Near-Critical Fluid Systems","authors":"K. Mogensen, C. Mata, S. Samajpati, P. Cremades, J. E. L. Uribe, M. Al Zaabi","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23912-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23912-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fully compositional integrated asset models (FC-IAM) are being deployed for an increasing number of fields in the company's portfolio. Field A described in this work comprises four stacked reservoirs, each containing a near-critical fluid system with significant compositional depth gradient. Augmenting the FC-IAM with high-frequency sensor data as well as proprietary tools to actively monitor well performance helps identify and pursue opportunities to maximize the oil production rate from the field, subject to several system constraints.\u0000 Fluid properties were modelled with a cubic equation of state tuned to laboratory data to address some key challenges: Near-critical fluid systems giving rise to compositional variation versus depth.Injection of produced gas that develops multi-contact miscibility with the original reservoir fluids.Blending of fluids at surface from four stacked reservoirs.Operational requirement to maintain the bottom-hole pressure above saturation pressure.Validation of raw well test data before shrinkage correction (line conditions).\u0000 Compositional surface network models are run automatically on hourly basis and compared against real-time data. A surveillance algorithm identifies opportunities and assigns them to well owners. Activities are managed through a high-level tracking and value-capture system.\u0000 The asset team is consistently maintaining the well and surface network models assisted by the digital solution. The surveillance automation engine creates a feedback loop with the engineers which ensures that the models are of sufficient quality for production optimization. Models reproduce the actual oil and gas produced rates within the accepted accuracy range and are used routinely in optimization scenarios. The surface network model is also run in transient mode to study and optimize flow in two large subsea multiphase pipelines. Total value generation from implementation of the complete framework therefore exceeds expectation based on the steady-state production gain. The intangible value associated to reducing engineers’ workload, better data accessibility, HS&E and efficiency of operations has set a strong foundation for the strategy of the company to grow its enterprise value through increased volume and cost reduction.\u0000 Implementation of a compositional model framework is still uncommon as most integrated asset models rely on a black-oil formulation for the fluid property description. Near-critical fluid systems undergoing miscible gas injection add an additional layer of complexity in terms of modeling and surveillance efforts. Real-time data have proven indispensable for keeping the IAM up to date and for identifying opportunities for optimizing the production.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Innovative Approach to Real-Time NMR Permeability Calibration Utilizing Azimuthally Oriented Formation Testing While Drilling","authors":"M. Fouda, A. Taher, O. Ramadan, A. Binghaith, M. Saad","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23833-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23833-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Evaluating lateral variations of permeability is usually attempted using conventional logging tools and relying on field-specific porosity-permeability relationships. These transforms are generally built on core analysis and previous reservoir knowledge. Many Carbonate reservoirs given their complex pore structure, however, exhibit poor relationship between porosity & permeability and would hence need other more sophisticated methodologies and workflows to evaluate permeability. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a well-known measurement that can provide indications of pore size in heterogeneous reservoirs and can hence be used for permeability evaluation. Formation testing while drilling (FTWD) can be used for mobility estimation while drilling. This paper presents the benefits of integrating logging-while-drilling (LWD) azimuthally oriented FTWD and NMR to reliably evaluate lateral permeability variations in horizontal wells.\u0000 NMR log-derived permeability is achieved by analyzing the T1 or T2 distributions and applying a cutoff differentiating pore size variation. The classification of the pore size distribution is input into established NMR permeability equations. These equations, however, have coefficients that need to be determined. The optimum irreducible water saturation cutoff as well as the permeability equation coefficients are ideally established with core analysis techniques. In horizontal wells across heterogeneous reservoirs having no representative core plugs formation testing can be used to help establish these parameters. Formation tester tools have been traditionally utilized to acquire a single pressure measurement and mobility calculation at any specified depth station. LWD testers, however, can be oriented around the wellbore to acquire several pressure and mobility values at different orientations. After investigating real time azimuthal images for bed boundaries and azimuthal variations, specific orientations of the formation tester can be selected to provide the most representative.\u0000 LWD NMR real-time permeability indicators showed pore size variations at the same porosity range. FTWD mobility data has enabled normalization of NMR permeability curves by providing calibration points at the test stations. The azimuthal orientation of FTWD tests was selected using LWD real time density and resistivity images to ensure the FTWD probe is not pointing to a tight bed boundary. High-resolution resistivity images from memory data provided an understanding to the mechanism causing variation in the azimuthal permeability profile. Combination of oriented FTWD and NMR permeability indicators aided real-time well-placement decisions and helped placing the wells into the most permeable zones. This paper presents an innovative approach for evaluating real-time permeability utilizing oriented LWD formation-testing mobility data with NMR permeability indicators.","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"513 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Completion Philosophy Rejuvenation to Maximize Well Potential in Challenging Sour HPHT North Kuwait Jurassic Gas Fields","authors":"M. Abdel-Basset, Mohamed Al-Sharad, M. Al-Arouj, T. Bloushi, M. Al-Mutawa, M. Al-ajmi","doi":"10.2523/iptc-23774-ms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23774-ms","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It always remains a big question, what is the best way to complete a well for maximum potential? Selecting proper well completion is critical to overcome reservoir challenges and ensure efficient stimulation treatments and well intervention specially in challenging deep highly deviated wells targeting complex high heterogenous HPHT conventional and unconventional tight carbonate gas reservoirs such as North Kuwait Jurassic gas fields (NK JGF). This paper will demonstrate the added value, experience, challenges and lessons learned of completion strategy rejuvenation and paradigm shift journey of NK JGF's wells completion till landing to a combination of three main completion schemes based on structured selection criteria. This is led by integrated team to enhance overall well production potential, overcome reservoir and intervention operations challenges, and early production delivery to achieve asset strategic production target.\u0000 The Jurassic gas fields produces mainly from deep HPHT, conventional and unconventional tight carbonate reservoirs. The recovery from such complex heterogeneous reservoirs is extremely challenging if conventional development strategies are applied. Due to the high reservoir tightness, permeability contrast among different flow units and dual permeability effect (matrix and natural fractures), well productivity potential significantly depends on the effectiveness of subsequent stimulation treatments of such complex heterogeneous reservoir to improve well productivity and connect the natural fractures.\u0000 Selecting proper well completion is critical to overcome such reservoir challenges and ensure efficient acid stimulation treatments of such complex formations that need convenient diversion mechanism during the stimulation to enhance the productivity of each individual reservoir layer and enable future flexibility of selective re-stimulation and reservoir management.\u0000 Based on solid understanding and field experience, the NK JGF asset team has applied a step change in completion strategy from initial legacy 3.5\" tubing and 5\" cemented liner at early development phase, then 4.5\" monobore cemented completion, to recently 4.5\" openhole multistage completion until landing on combination of these three main completion schemes based on structured selection criteria considering integration of all subsurface domains and operation teams.\u0000 Improving the completion efficiency is continuously helping to overcome the NK JGF's reservoirs complexity, improve the overall well potential and associated cost in addition to fast track well delivery to production to meet asset production target.\u0000 Based on gained experience, an integrated protocol for well completion selection, staging design and installation procedures of multistage completion workflow has been built by the integrated multidisciplinary team to ensure standard process across fields which can be used for application in other fields. This paper describes the learnings of the Jur","PeriodicalId":519056,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, February 12, 2024","volume":"29 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}