Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal最新文献

{"title":"Attachment Styles in Close Relationships and Their Impact on Attitudes Toward Appearance","authors":"V. Labunskaya","doi":"10.31857/s020595920026154-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920026154-5","url":null,"abstract":"The solution to the problem of “appearance (AP) — close, romantic relationships” is carried out, traditionally, in connection with the study of the physical component of AP. On the periphery of attention of researchers remains the consideration of a set of characteristics of the attitude to holistic AP. The aim was to determine the levels of severity of the various characteristics of attitudes to AP and to create a hierarchy of significance of differences depending on the levels of severity of anxiety and avoidance strategies in close relationships. The study involved 136 young people aged 18 to 30 years (Me=23; Mo=23; M=22.75; SD=2.60), 71% women, 28.6% men. Research methods: questionnaire “Experience of close relationships” in the adaptation of T.V. Kazantseva. Scalea “Self-assessment of the generalized type of attachment” (“RQ”) in the adaptation of T.V. Kazantseva; Scales: 1) “significance of AP in romantic relationships”; 2) “assessment of the dependence of the relationship with the romantic partner on the VP”; 3) “assessment of the experiences (awkwardness, stiffness, embarrassment) arising as a result of the presentation of the VP to the romantic partner”; 4) “self-assessment of the attractiveness of the VP for the partner of the opposite sex”. Mathematical procedures: rank transformation of the above variables (levels: low, medium; high); descriptive statistics; Criteria: H Kraskala–Wallis, U Mann–Whitney; Spearman correlation (IBM SPPS Statistic 23.0). Results: the severity of anxiety and avoidance strategies differentiate the levels of severity of various characteristics of the attitude to AP: a high level of anxiety strategy causes a high level of AP significance (U=532.500; p=0.025), high rating of the dependence of a relationship with a romantic partner from AP (U=564.000; p=0.046); a high level of severity of the avoidance strategy leads to a high level of severity of experiences that arise in the situation of presenting one's AP to a romantic partner (U=862.000; p=0.009), reduces the level of self-esteem of the attractiveness of AP for a partner of the opposite sex (U=947.000; p=0.043). Results are important in the development of practice-oriented programs aimed at solving problems in close relationships and reducing their dependence on the attitude to AP.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88366878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Years. People. Books: Scientific-publishing Activity of the Institute of Psychology of the RAS: Scientific-organizational and Bibliometric Aspects (1972–2021)","authors":"V. Belopolsky","doi":"10.31857/s020595920024337-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920024337-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a thematic and linguistic analysis of scientific publications of the staff of the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 1972–2021. The most frequent terms (by groups of history, theory and methodology, general psychology, social and economic psychology, personality psychology, engineering psychology, labor and organizational psychology, psychophysiology, development psychology) and specific key words are identified; the measure of lexical similarity of text corpus of publications from different decades is determined. On the basis of the obtained data, the dominant research directions of the staff of the Institute of Psychology in 1972–1981, 1982–1991, 1992–2001, 2002–2011, and 2012–2021 are established. The presented indicators are substantiated as a program and a set of procedures for quantitative analysis of the publication activity of a scientific organization.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85506582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Life and Scientific Efficiency of Volf Solomonovich Merlin","authors":"B. A. Vyatkin","doi":"10.31857/s020595920024364-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920024364-6","url":null,"abstract":"In 2023, the 125th anniversary of the birth of Volf Solomonovich Merlin was celebrated. He is a well-known Russian psychologist, author of the theory of integral individuality, and founder of the Perm Scientific School of Psychology. The purpose of this article is to present the main milestones of Merlin's life and scientific work. The biography of the scientist is briefly under consideration, and the periodization of his scientific path takes into account. Four periods highlight his scientific efficiency, namely, 1924–1939 (pedology); 1940–1955 (differential psychology); 1956–1971 (personality psychology); 1972–1982 (system and integral approach to the study of human individuality). Further, the theory of integral individuality reveals its main features. The aim of the theory is to show a holistic fashion of a human's individuality. The integral means the study of individuality according to the criteria of hierarchy, teleological and causal determination, and polymorphism. The estimation of Merlin's scientific heritage points out its perspective nowadays. The Russian scientific community appreciates the contribution of Merlin’s scientific achievement due to which Russian psychology develops.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75658128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Problem of Correlation of Concepts in a System-Network Approach to Psychological Knowledge","authors":"T. Kornilova","doi":"10.31857/s020595920024914-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920024914-1","url":null,"abstract":"A cycle of their three articles is summarized, summarizing the development of the conceptual field of psychology by the staff of the Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the last five years. The agreement with the authors on the need to revise the classification approach to concepts is emphasized due to the development of psychological knowledge and the active formation of a network approach that does not contradict the system approach and reflects the multiparadigm of psychological science.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72603789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Methodological Approaches of Modern Psychology in a Digital Society","authors":"T. Martsinkovskaya","doi":"10.31857/s020595920024915-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920024915-2","url":null,"abstract":"The content of the article continues the discussion that unfolds around compiling a “map or system” of concepts developed by scientists from the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The discussion began with a three-volume monograph by A.L. Zhuravlev and E.A. Sergienko and their articles devoted to the analysis of the main ideas outlined in it. This very article emphasizes the importance and extreme timeliness of this monograph and articles, especially relevant in a changing digital society, which has become a challenge for the methodology of both psychology and science in general. At the same time, the necessity of expanding the system of concepts with categories of other scientific schools and approaches is shown. The limitations of the network principle of constructing a system of categories, at first glance, consonant with the ideas of the digital world, are shown. It is proposed to construct preliminary system based on the methodology of postmodern (inter-discipline) with subsequent expansion to the level of trans-discipline (post-postmodernity). As an option, a combination of open gestalts of separate concepts with the “core-periphery” system, which includes the concepts of various scientific schools, is proposed.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85713765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Phobia Phobias Associated with Diseases in Men and Women","authors":"I. Groshev","doi":"10.31857/s020595920024907-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920024907-3","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between the presence of the disease and the formation of its phobic plot in men and women has been investigated. The methodology of the work was based on a secondary analysis of the results of conducted and published studies on the existing objects (diseases) of phobias. Based on a meta–analysis of data from more than 70 scientific papers, a sample of 35620 thousand people was obtained and 136 diseases were identified for which men and women form FTD, of which 44 diseases in the group of men, 76 diseases in women; 15 diseases simultaneously determine the appearance and formation of persistent phobias in both sex groups. It is concluded that this type of phobias occurs in many cases in women who suffer from it more often, which is caused by such factors as somatization, the context of the symptom of the disease, obsession, compulsion, etc. Men using compensatory strategies have a lower percentage of FT. There are four conditional groups of diseases that equally cause fear in men and women. Based on the use of the cognitive approach, the process of modeling the phobic space is described and it is shown that men use the “real” parameter more often, women use the “imaginary” parameter. The phobic space of women includes substitutions in the form of various feelings and emotions that have different degrees of phobia. At the heart of this process in women is a strong “phobic” attitude. It is shown that the prediction of the etiology of FT does not allow us to unequivocally assert their inherent determinacy. As a conclusion, the conclusion is made about the greater prevalence and prevalence in the frequency of development and comorbidity of FT in the group of women. However, it is not possible to state unequivocally what causes this gender difference at the moment, which actualizes further study of phobias of diseases in men and women.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81882061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Past and Present of V.N. Myasishchev's Creative Achievements (for the 130th Anniversary of his Birth)","authors":"E. Karpova","doi":"10.31857/s020595920027090-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920027090-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the birth of V.N. Myasishchev, an outstanding Russian scientist who made a huge contribution to the development of Russian psychological science, as well as to the formation and development of medical (clinical) psychology, neurosology and psychotherapy. The psychology of relationships created by him, which has general psychological significance, served as a methodological basis for the development of the pathogenetic concept of neuroses and psychotherapy, the publication of which forms a conceptual unity unique to Russian science. The formation of scientific views of V.N. is considered. Myasishchev under the influence of his teachers — V.M. Bekhterev and A.F. Lazursky; his contribution to the development of the scientific and psychological category “attitude” as a mental education; the main directions of his scientific and practical activities, closely related to the concept of relationship psychology, in particular, the development of ideas about the nature of neurotic disorders as a personality disease and the development of a psychotherapeutic system based on a detailed study of personality and aimed at changing its relationships. Developed by V.N. Myasishchev's general psychological theory — the psychology of relationships — is resilient and fruitful.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135846375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Heritage of Professor O.M. Tutunjyan (to the 105th Anniversary of Birth)","authors":"R. V. Aguzumtsyan","doi":"10.31857/s020595920027728-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920027728-6","url":null,"abstract":"The multifaceted scientific contribution to psychological science of the famous Armenian scientist O.M. Tutunjyan is considered (1918–1994). The main directions of his research are highlighted — the history of foreign and Armenian psychology, educational, child and sports psychology. Research on the history of foreign psychology has received international recognition, including the election of O.M. Tutunjyan is an honorary member of the French Society of Psychologists, the Academic Council of the Institute of Psychosomatics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), and a number of other foreign Societies of Psychologists and Academic Councils.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135846379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To the Problem of “Memory for Movements” (Experimental Research Experience)","authors":"V. I. Goncharov","doi":"10.31857/s020595920027720-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920027720-8","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the review of the results of the author's own long-term research on “memory for movements”. This type of memory attracted the attention of a considerable number of researchers in the early–mid 20th century, especially from representatives of physical culture and sports. However, at present it is practically not investigated and remains an insufficiently studied type of memory. The loss of researchers' interest in “memory for movements” is difficult to explain by the high level of its study. Most likely, the continuation of its study faces problems of a methodological and diagnostic nature and difficulties associated with the possibilities of generalization and interpretation of the data obtained, their practical application, which does not contribute to the popularity of such studies. The data presented in the article can serve as a basis for continuing research on the problem of "memory for movements".","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135846388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Achieving Goals: Features of the Relationship Between Grit and Neuroticism Scales","authors":"T. A. Chirkina","doi":"10.31857/s020595920027726-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s020595920027726-4","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studies of the Grit scale (perseverance and perseverance in achieving long-term goals) show its significant relationship with academic performance and career success. However, emotional instability can reduce the chances of achieving these goals. The paper examines the features of the correlation between the Grit scale and the Neuroticism scale (a general tendency to negative emotional reactions). Using linear regression, we analyze data from the survey of the NTI University 2035 platform users (391 respondents). The data from the whole sample reveals the following patterns: high indicators on the Depressiveness and Vulnerability scales are negatively effect Grit and, hence, reduce perseverance in achieving goals regardless of gender. When studying the relationships separately for men and women, we found that Anxiety can be a significant obstacle for men, whereas for women, this indicator is insignificant.","PeriodicalId":51778,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135846656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}