Interactive Journal of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Citizen Worry and Adherence in Response to Government Restrictions in Switzerland During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Repeated Cross-Sectional Online Surveys.","authors":"Vanessa Kraege, Céline Dumans-Louis, Céline Maglieri, Séverine Bochatay, Marie-Anne Durand, Antoine Garnier, Kevin Selby, Christian von Plessen","doi":"10.2196/55636","DOIUrl":"10.2196/55636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Good communication between health authorities and citizens is crucial for adherence to preventive measures during a pandemic. Crisis communication often appeals to worries about negative consequences for oneself or others. While worry can motivate protective behavior, it can also be overwhelming and lead to irrational choices or become a mental health problem. Also, the levels and consequences of worry can differ between different groups of citizens. Little is known about the evolution of worries during the pandemic and adherence to measures in distinct groups.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate worries in the Swiss population as well as associations between worry levels and citizens' adherence to government restrictions during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out an observational study with 4 cross-sectional online surveys of adults in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Questionnaires were distributed through social media and websites during 4 periods: survey 1: April 17 to May 14, 2020; survey 2: May 15 to June 22, 2020; survey 3: October 30 to December 12, 2020; and survey 4: June 18 to December 30, 2021. On visual analog scales from 0 to 100, participants reported worry, self-adherence to pandemic restrictions, and their perceived adherence to others. We used multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, gender, health literacy, and education to assess associations between self-reported worry, adherence, and study periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We collected 7106 responses. After excluding 2377 questionnaires (incomplete, age <18 years, residence outside Vaud), 4729 (66.55%) were analyzed (mean age 47, SD 15.6 years, 63.96% women). Mean worry across the 4 periods was 42/100, significantly higher in women (44.25/100, vs 37.98/100; P<.001) and young people (43.77/100 in those aged 18-39 years, vs 41.69/100; P=.005; in those aged 40-64 years and 39.16/100; P=.002; in those aged >64 years). Worries were higher during survey 1 and survey 3 (52.41/100 and 56.32/100 vs 38.93/100, P<.001; and 35.71/100, P<.001) than during survey 2 and survey 4, respectively. This corresponds to pandemic peaks during which federal restrictions were better followed with self-reported adherence of 84.80/100 and 89.59/100 in survey 1 and survey 3 versus 78.69/100 (P<.001) and 78.64/100 (P<.001) in survey 2 and survey 4. A 2.9-point increase in worry score, adjusted for the pandemic period, gender, age, education, and health literacy, was associated with a 10-point increase in personal adherence score (95% CI 2.5-3.2; P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Worries were higher in women, young people, and during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher worry levels were associated with increased self-reported adherence to federal restrictions. Authorities should consider population worry levels and population subgroups in the planning and des","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"e55636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality Types of Medical Students in Terms of Their Choice of Medical Specialty: Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Małgorzata Tobiaszewska, Tytus Koweszko, Jonasz Jurek, Karolina Mikołap, Jacek Gierus, Jantoni Mikulski, Napoleon Waszkiewicz","doi":"10.2196/60223","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on personality types among doctors reveals its impact on medical specialty choices, suggesting that considering personality in career planning may enhance work satisfaction and reduce burnout risks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study, encompassing 2104 medical students, explores how personality types, traits, and gender relate to specialty preferences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants of this study were medical students from various universities in Poland. The study surveyed 2104 participants. Each participant completed a general questionnaire and a NERIS Type Explorer personality test, based on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator inventory and the \"Big Five\" personality traits concept. The questionnaire was distributed on social media groups for medical students from all Polish universities. An exploratory statistical analysis was performed to find relationships. For each tested relationship a Fisher exact test was conducted and the significance level was P<.05. Each test resulted in a P value and odds ratio (OR) with a CI. To ensure we included undecided students and obtained meaningful data, we allowed participants to select up to three medical specialties from the 77 available in Poland at the time of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings unveil significant relationships between gender, personality types, traits, and specialty preferences. Women tended to favor Neonatology (OR 9.15, 95% CI 3.02-45.46), while men leaned toward Orthopedics and traumatology of the locomotor system (OR 7.53, 95% CI 4.87-11.94). Extroverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Prospecting, and Turbulent students showed a heightened interest in Psychiatry (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.64-3.01), whereas Introverted, Observant, Feeling, Judging, and Turbulent types favored Family Medicine (OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.08-4.24) and Pediatrics (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.51-2.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, this research establishes a link between personality and medical specialty selection. Taking into account the significant role of personality traits, it should be considered to integrate them into the process of selecting a medical career or designing a medical curriculum. This approach may allow for the customization of programs to match students' traits, thereby cultivating improved clinical communication skills, fostering interprofessional collaboration and ultimately enhancing treatment outcomes and professional fulfillment among physicians. The main limitation of this study is that it was conducted on medical students, who lack the full knowledge of the work as a specific specialist. A study surveying medical doctors with longer internships across different wards could be conducted to check for any variabilities. Moreover, there are other significant factors that influence one's medical specialty choice. Certainly, this area could be further explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e60223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11733523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Centric Approach to Personalized Electronic Medical Records via QR Code in Japan.","authors":"Yoshihiko Izumida, Takashi Omura, Masahiro Fujiwara, Shoko Nukaya, Akio Yoneyama, Sow Boubacar, Shinichiro Yabe, Rika Noguchi, Shima Nakayama, Wataru Muraoka, Yuki Okuno, Sho Miyashita, Yurika Ishihara, Yuto Moriwaki, Ryoji Otani, Junichiro Adachi, Kenichiro Tanabe, Yoshihisa Yamano, Yasushi Takai, Masaru Honjo","doi":"10.2196/57332","DOIUrl":"10.2196/57332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Government policies in the United States and the European Union promote standardization and value creation in the use of FAIR (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) data, which can enhance trust in digital health systems and is crucial for their success. Trust is built through elements such as FAIR data access, interoperability, and improved communication, which are essential for fostering innovation in digital health technologies. This Viewpoint aims to report on exploratory research demonstrating the feasibility of testing a patient-centric data flow model facilitating semantic interoperability on precision medical information. In this global trend, the interoperable interface called Sync for Science-J (S4S-J) for linking electronic medical records (EMRs) and personal health records was launched as part of the Basic Policy for Economic and Fiscal Management and Reform in Japan. S4S-J controls data distribution consisting of EMR and patient-generated health data and converts this information into QR codes that can be scanned by mobile apps. This system facilitates data sharing based on personal information beliefs and unlocks siloed Internet of Things systems with a privacy preference manager. In line with Japanese information handling practices, the development of a mobile cloud network will lower barriers to entry and enable accelerated data sharing. To ensure cross-compatibility and compliance with future international data standardization, S4S-J conforms to the Health Level 7 Fast Health Care Interoperability Resources standard and uses the international standardized logical observation identifiers names and codes (LOINC) to redefine medical terms used in different terminology standards in different medical fields. It is developed as an applied standard in medical information intended for industry, health care services, and research through secondary use of data. A multicenter collaborative study was initiated to investigate the effectiveness of this system; this was a registered, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial, the EMBRACE study of the mobile health app M♡Link for hyperglycemic disorders in pregnancy, which implements an EMR-personal health record interoperable interface via S4S-J. Nevertheless, the aforementioned new challenges, the pivotal Health Level 7 Fast Health Care Interoperability Resources system, and LOINC data mapping were successfully implemented. Moreover, the preliminary input of EMR-integrated patient-generated health data was successfully shared between authorized medical facilities and health care providers in accordance with the patients' preferences. The patient-centric data flow of the S4S-J in Japan is expected to guarantee the right to data portability, which promotes the maximum benefit of use by patients themselves, which in turn contributes to the promotion of open science.</p>","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e57332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Influence of AI on Advancements in Respiratory Care: Narrative Review.","authors":"Mohammed M Alqahtani, Abdullah M M Alanazi, Saleh S Algarni, Hassan Aljohani, Faraj K Alenezi, Tareq F Alotaibi, Mansour Alotaibi, Mobarak K Alqahtani, Mushabbab Alahmari, Khalid S Alwadeai, Saeed M Alghamdi, Mohammed A Almeshari, Turki Faleh Alshammari, Noora Mumenah, Ebtihal Al Harbi, Ziyad F Al Nufaiei, Eyas Alhuthail, Esam Alzahrani, Husam Alahmadi, Abdulaziz Alarifi, Amal Zaidan, Taha T Ismaeil","doi":"10.2196/57271","DOIUrl":"10.2196/57271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence is experiencing rapid growth, with continual innovation and advancements in the health care field.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the application of artificial intelligence technologies across various domains of respiratory care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review to examine the latest advancements in the use of artificial intelligence in the field of respiratory care. The search was independently conducted by respiratory care experts, each focusing on their respective scope of practice and area of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review illuminates the diverse applications of artificial intelligence, highlighting its use in areas associated with respiratory care. Artificial intelligence is harnessed across various areas in this field, including pulmonary diagnostics, respiratory care research, critical care or mechanical ventilation, pulmonary rehabilitation, telehealth, public health or health promotion, sleep clinics, home care, smoking or vaping behavior, and neonates and pediatrics. With its multifaceted utility, artificial intelligence can enhance the field of respiratory care, potentially leading to superior health outcomes for individuals under this extensive umbrella.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As artificial intelligence advances, elevating academic standards in the respiratory care profession becomes imperative, allowing practitioners to contribute to research and understand artificial intelligence's impact on respiratory care. The permanent integration of artificial intelligence into respiratory care creates the need for respiratory therapists to positively influence its progression. By participating in artificial intelligence development, respiratory therapists can augment their clinical capabilities, knowledge, and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e57271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss and Physical Function in Young to Middle-Aged Adult Patients With Diabetes: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.","authors":"Aki Naruse, Yuka Yamada, Takeshi Miyamoto","doi":"10.2196/58038","DOIUrl":"10.2196/58038","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Recently, it has been reported that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have lower skeletal muscle mass than healthy individuals. Although skeletal muscle mass in older adults with diabetes is occasionally reported, similar reports on young to middle-aged adults are limited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to assess the prevalence of skeletal muscle loss in young to middle-aged adults with diabetes, examine the relationship between skeletal muscle loss and physical function in these patients, and examine whether there are differences in these characteristics between men and women.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional, observational study included patients younger than 65 years with T2DM who were admitted to our hospital between 2014 and 2022 for educational admission for glycemic control and requested rehabilitation by the Department of Metabolic Medicine. The control group consisted of patients who received rehabilitation during their hospitalization at our hospital and did not have diabetes. The main parameters included skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function, and activities of daily living.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevalence of skeletal muscle mass loss in this study was 18.2% (10/55) in men and 7.7% (4/52) in women. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was 7.7 (SD 0.8) and 8.4 (SD 0.5) for men in the T2DM and control groups, respectively, and 7.0 (SD 0.9) and 6.8 (SD 0.7) for women in the T2DM and control groups, respectively. Therefore, compared with the nondiabetes group, a significant difference was observed in men but not in women (men: P&lt;.001, women: P=.35). Nonetheless, the diabetes group exhibited significantly lower physical functions, such as a walking speed of 1.3 (SD 0.2) m/s and 1.2 (SD 0.43) m/s for men and women in the T2DM group and 1.6 (SD 0.2) m/s and 1.5 (SD 0.1) m/s for men and women in the control group, respectively (men: P&lt;.001, women: P&lt;.001). One-leg standing time was measured as 30.7 (SD 26.9) seconds and 29.4 (SD 25.5) seconds for men and women in the T2DM group, compared with 100.5 (SD 30.6) seconds and 82.5 (SD 39.8) seconds for men and women in the control group, respectively, with the T2DM group's times being significantly lower (men: P&lt;.001, women: P&lt;.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that SMI was significantly associated with age, BMI, and peripheral neuropathy (all P≤.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that BMI exhibited the strongest association (odds ratio 1.15, 95% CI 1.07-1.23; P&lt;.001), and peripheral neuropathy was also significantly associated with SMI (P=.009).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Patients with diabetes, even those who are not older adults, face an elevated rate of skeletal muscle mass loss, muscle weakness, and a decline in physical function; moreover, they are susceptible to dynapenia and presarcopenia. Therefore, early intervention focusing on","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e58038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposition Analysis of the Prevalence of Denture Use Between Rural and Urban Older Individuals With Edentulism in China: Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Lei Yuan, Yuan Yuan, Haotian Ren, Feng Zhang, Zhe Zhao, Qinqin Jiang, Zhenbang Wei, Jin-Hai Sun","doi":"10.2196/48778","DOIUrl":"10.2196/48778","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Edentulism impacts the physical health and quality of life of older individuals. The prevalence, influencing factors, and differences in terms of edentulism in urban and rural areas of China are unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study investigated the denture-wearing conditions and causes affecting older patients with edentulism in urban and rural areas of China and analyzed the differences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional study included the data of 5139 older individuals (age&gt;65 years) with edentulism obtained from 23 Chinese provinces in 2018. Participants were divided into urban and rural groups based on their household registration. Factors influencing denture use in both groups were explored using binary logistic regression, while factors influencing differences in denture wearing in both groups were explored using the Fairlie decomposition model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the 5139 participants, 67.05% (808/1205) from urban areas and 51.12% (2011/3934) from rural areas wore dentures. In the urban group, participants with a higher level of education (1-6 years: odds ratio [OR] 2.093, 95% CI 1.488-2.945; ≥7 years: OR 2.187, 95% CI 1.565-3.055) or who exercised (OR 2.840, 95% CI 2.016-3.999) preferred wearing dentures, but individuals with BMI&lt;18.5 kg/m2 (OR 0.558, 95% CI 0.408-0.762) or widowed (OR 0.618, 95% CI 0.414-0.921) did not. In the rural group, a higher level of education (1-6 years: OR 1.742, 95% CI 1.429-2.123; ≥7 years: OR 1.498, 95% CI 1.246-1.802), living alone (OR 1.372, 95% CI 1.313-1.663), exercise (OR 1.612, 95% CI 1.340-1.940), high economic status (OR 1.234, 95% CI 1.035-1.472), residence in the eastern area (OR 2.045, 95% CI 1.723-2.427), presence of chronic diseases (1 disease: OR 1.534, 95% CI 1.313-1.793; ≥2 diseases: OR 1.500, 95% CI 1.195-1.882) were positively associated and age≥80 years (OR 0.318, 95% CI 0.247-0.408), BMI&lt;18.5 kg/m2 (OR 0.692, 95% CI 0.590-0.813), and widowed (OR 0.566, 95% CI 0.464-0.690) or other marital status (OR 0.600, 95% CI 0.392-0.918) were negatively associated with denture use. The Fairlie decomposition model revealed that the number of chronic diseases (16.34%), education level (11.94%), region of residence (11.00%), annual income (10.55%), exercise (6.81%), and age (-0.92%) were the main factors responsible for differences between urban and rural edentulism and could explain the difference in the denture-wearing rate (58.48%) between both groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Older individuals with edentulism with a higher education level and who exercise are more willing to wear dentures, while those with BMI&lt;18.5 kg/m2 show a decreased willingness to wear dentures in both urban and rural areas in China. Controlling the number of chronic diseases, improving the education level and annual income, cultivating good exercise habits, and bridging the gap between the economic status of the east and west can narr","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e48778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Close-Up on Ambulance Service Estimation in Indonesia: Monte Carlo Simulation Study.","authors":"Syaribah N Brice, Justin J Boutilier, Geraint Palmer, Paul R Harper, Vincent Knight, Mark Tuson, Daniel Gartner","doi":"10.2196/54240","DOIUrl":"10.2196/54240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emergency medical services have a pivotal role in giving timely and appropriate responses to emergency events caused by medical, natural, or human-caused disasters. To provide adequate resources for the emergency services, such as ambulances, it is necessary to understand the demand for such services. In Indonesia, estimates of demand for emergency services cannot be obtained easily due to a lack of published literature or official reports concerning the matter.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to ascertain an estimate of the annual volume of hospital emergency visits and the corresponding demand for ambulance services in the city of Jakarta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we addressed the problem of emergency services demand estimation when aggregated detailed data are not available or are not part of the routine data collection. We used survey data together with the local Office of National Statistics reports and sample data from hospital emergency departments to establish parameter estimation. This involved estimating 4 parameters: the population of each area per period (day and night), the annual per capita hospital emergency visits, the probability of an emergency taking place in each period, and the rate of ambulance need per area. Monte Carlo simulation and naïve methods were used to generate an estimation for the mean ambulance needs per area in Jakarta.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results estimated that the total annual ambulance need in Jakarta is between 83,000 and 241,000. Assuming the rate of ambulance usage in Jakarta at 9.3%, we estimated the total annual hospital emergency visits in Jakarta at around 0.9-2.6 million. The study also found that the estimation from using the simulation method was smaller than the average (naïve) methods (P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results provide an estimation of the annual emergency services needed for the city of Jakarta. In the absence of aggregated routinely collected data on emergency medical service usage in Jakarta, our results provide insights into whether the current emergency services, such as ambulances, have been adequately provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e54240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Awareness and Use of Price Transparency: Report From a National Survey.","authors":"Yuvraj Pathak, David Muhlestein","doi":"10.2196/64439","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64439","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e64439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight and Lifestyle Behavior Changes in Chinese Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 3-Year Retrospective Survey.","authors":"Xinyue Guo, Shaoqing Gong, Ying Chen, Xiaohui Hou, Tong Sun, Jianqiang Wen, Zhiyao Wang, Jingyang He, Xuezhu Sun, Sufang Wang, Zhixin Chen, Xue Feng, Xiangyang Tian","doi":"10.2196/50754","DOIUrl":"10.2196/50754","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Health care workers (HCWs) played a key role in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Higher infection risks and intensive work led to occupational burnout for many HCWs, which may affect their lifestyle behaviors and weight.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to assess HCWs' self-rated health status, overweight and obesity rates, lifestyle behaviors, and psychoemotional changes from 2019 to 2022 across China and to analyze the factors associated with changes from underweight or normal weight in 2019 to overweight or obese in 2022.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this retrospective study, 100 health care institutions were randomly selected from 5 provinces or regions in China. All HCWs who worked in the institutions for at ≥3 years were invited to complete the electronic questionnaire and participate in the online survey from August 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022. Collected data included changes in lifestyle behaviors (dietary habits, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption), psychoemotional conditions (persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood), health status, and chronic disease control from December 2019 to August 2022. Height and weight in 2019 and 2022 were retrieved from annual physical examination records. Overweight and obesity were defined as 24.0 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;≤BMI&lt;28.0 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (overweight) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (obesity). Chi square tests and ANOVAs were used to assess the associations between groups. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with HCWs becoming overweight or obese from 2019 to 2022.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The questionnaire was submitted by 23,234 HCWs. Of the underweight or normal weight HCWs in 2019, 12.67% (1486/23,234) became overweight or obese in 2022; this change was associated with the following factors: 34-43 years old (OR 0.843, 95% CI 0.740-0.960), 44-53 years old (OR 0.738, 95% CI 0.635-0.960), and 54-63 years old (OR 0.503, 95% CI 0.368-0.685; reference: 24-33 years old), reduction in or never or rarely engaging in physical activity (OR 1.201, 95% CI 1.055-1.368; reference: increase in physical activity; P=.006), increased appetite (OR 2.043, 95% CI 1.788-2.034; reference: reduction or no change in appetite; P&lt;.001). From 2019 to 2022, 51.29% (11,917/23,234) of the respondents experienced increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood; 44.38% (10,311/23,234) stayed up late more often. Increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood was associated with physical activity (OR 0.421, 95% CI 0.398-0.447; P&lt;.001) and appetite (OR 1.601, 95% CI 1.483-1.728; P&lt;.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The pandemic was associated with overweight and obesity for HCWs due to changes in lifestyle behaviors, especially reduced physical activity and increased appetite related to increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mo","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e50754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable Devices for Supporting Chronic Disease Self-Management: Scoping Review.","authors":"Marie-Pierre Gagnon, Steven Ouellet, Eugène Attisso, Wilfried Supper, Samira Amil, Caroline Rhéaume, Jean-Sébastien Paquette, Christian Chabot, Marie-Claude Laferrière, Maxime Sasseville","doi":"10.2196/55925","DOIUrl":"10.2196/55925","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;People with chronic diseases can benefit from wearable devices in managing their health and encouraging healthy lifestyle habits. Wearables such as activity trackers or blood glucose monitoring devices can lead to positive health impacts, including improved physical activity adherence or better management of type 2 diabetes. Few literature reviews have focused on the intersection of various chronic diseases, the wearable devices used, and the outcomes evaluated in intervention studies, particularly in the context of primary health care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to identify and describe (1) the chronic diseases represented in intervention studies, (2) the types or combinations of wearables used, and (3) the health or health care outcomes assessed and measured.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, searching the MEDLINE and Web of Science databases for studies published between 2012 and 2022. Pairs of reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, applied the selection criteria, and performed full-text screening. We included interventions using wearables that automatically collected and transmitted data to adult populations with at least one chronic disease. We excluded studies with participants with only a predisposition to develop a chronic disease, hospitalized patients, patients with acute diseases, patients with active cancer, and cancer survivors. We included randomized controlled trials and cohort, pretest-posttest, observational, mixed methods, and qualitative studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;After the removal of 1987 duplicates, we screened 4540 titles and abstracts. Of the remaining 304 articles after exclusions, we excluded 215 (70.7%) full texts and included 89 (29.3%). Of these 89 texts, 10 (11%) were related to the same interventions as those in the included studies, resulting in 79 studies being included. We structured the results according to chronic disease clusters: (1) diabetes, (2) heart failure, (3) other cardiovascular conditions, (4) hypertension, (5) multimorbidity and other combinations of chronic conditions, (6) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, (7) chronic pain, (8) musculoskeletal conditions, and (9) asthma. Diabetes was the most frequent health condition (18/79, 23% of the studies), and wearable activity trackers were the most used (42/79, 53% of the studies). In the 79 included studies, 74 clinical, 73 behavioral, 36 patient technology experience, 28 health care system, and 25 holistic or biopsychosocial outcomes were reported.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This scoping review provides an overview of the wearable devices used in chronic disease self-management intervention studies, revealing disparities in both the range of chronic diseases studied and the variety of wearable devices used. These findings offer researchers valuable insights to further explore healt","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e55925"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}