Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of studies of sudden-onset ocular neurogenic palsy associated with COVID-19.","authors":"Mehmet Serhat Mangan","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2277313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2023.2277313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":"32 1","pages":"63-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of childhood intermittent exotropia with and without DVD.","authors":"Andrea M Kramer, Lindsay D Klaehn, David O Hodge, Brian G Mohney","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2286379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2023.2286379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose</i>: Although dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) is reported to occur rarely in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT), little is known regarding the clinical features of these children. The purpose of this study was to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with intermittent exotropia and DVD to those without DVD. <i>Methods</i>: The medical records of all children diagnosed with intermittent exotropia at our institution from 1 January 2002, through 31 December 2018, who had 2 or more exams with 3 or more assessments of control, were retrospectively reviewed. Exotropic children with DVD were compared to those without DVD. <i>Results</i>: During the 17-year study period, 115 children met the inclusion criteria, of which 25 (21.7%) had DVD. Compared to the 90 exotropic children without DVD, children with IXT and DVD were more likely to have a motility disorder (<i>p</i> = .021), a worse mean distance control score (2.8 vs 2.4; <i>p</i> = .09), a larger mean angle of deviation (27.8 prism diopters [PD] vs 25.1 PD; <i>p</i> = .04), and a lower median stereopsis (200 secs vs 100 secs; <i>p</i> = .08). The children with DVD were more likely to have undergone surgery (<i>p</i> = .17) although there was no difference in the mean age at initial surgery between the two groups. <i>Conclusions</i>: The presence of dissociated vertical deviation in children with intermittent exotropia is associated with more motility disorders and worse binocular function compared to those without DVD. These children will likely require closer observation and earlier intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular repercussions in COVID-19 patients: structural changes of the retina and choroid.","authors":"Ilda Maria Poças, Pedro Lino, Carina Silva, Paula Mendonça, João Paulo Cunha, Olga Barroqueiro, Francisca Carvalho, Inês Nicho, Mariana Castelhano, Patrícia Condado, Rita Carmo, Júlio Almeida, Isabel Prieto, Pedro Camacho","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2278639","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2278639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurotropic capabilities of SARS-COVs allow viruses to reach the central nervous system by hematogenous neuronal dissemination. The human retina, as an extension of the Central Nervous System, may have some neurodegenerative and/or vascular modifications related to COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate choroidal and inner neural layers in participants previously recovered from COVID-19 compared to the control group using optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With a cross-sectional approach, the sample (<i>n</i> = 96), constituted by patients who have recovered from COVID-19 (<i>n</i> = 56) and healthy participants control group (<i>n</i> = 40) were ophthalmologically characterized. The neurodegenerative and vascular histological assessment was performed using SD-OCT and the mean thickness was measured in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) subfields. Retinal nerve fiber layer, Ganglion cell layer and subfoveal choroidal thickness were obtained through semi-automatic measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 40 controls (27 women [67.5%]) and 56 COVID-19 participants (34 women [60.8%]) were included in this first report. There were retinal thickness significant differences in nearly all inner ETDRS subfields: nasal 3 mm (<i>p</i> = .025), I3 (<i>p</i> = .049), and temporal 3 mm (<i>p</i> = .009). Also, a decrease in neural layers was found in the nasal 3 mm (<i>p</i> = .049) and temporal 3 mm (<i>p</i> = .029) during ganglion cell layer assessment. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was thinner in the COVID-19 group in superior temporal (<i>p</i> = .019), nasal (<i>p</i> = .002), inferior temporal (<i>p</i> = .046) and global (<i>p</i> = .014). Concerning the subfoveal choroidal measurement, an increase was observed in the COVID-19 group (<i>p</i> = .002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants who had recovered from COVID-19 showed a non-glaucomatous neuropathy trend pattern. We found differences closer to the classic description of the \"bow-tie\" observed in other neurological as compressive neuropathies at the chiasma location. OCT assessment also showed an increase in choroidal thickness as a result of vascular changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"271-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there value in measuring near visual acuity during occlusion therapy for amblyopia?","authors":"Mahira Y Daly, Charlotte J Codina, Gemma E Arblaster","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2271088","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2271088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: The purpose of this study was to investigate near and distance visual acuity (VA) prior to, during and on completion of occlusion therapy for amblyopia. <i>Method</i>: Fifty-four patients aged 4-7 years (mean 4.9; ±0.44) with untreated strabismic, anisometropic or mixed amblyopia were recruited to the study following refractive adaptation where applicable. All patients underwent conventional occlusion (patching). Uniocular near and distance VA was tested using age and ability appropriate Crowded LogMAR VA tests prior to, during and upon conclusion of occlusion therapy. <i>Results</i>: In amblyopic eyes, there was no significant difference between near and distance VA prior to occlusion therapy with LogMAR Crowded (<i>p</i> = .66; mean distance VA at 3 m = 0.6 LogMAR; mean near VA at 40 cm = 0.58 LogMAR), or with LogMAR Crowded Kay Picture test (<i>p</i> = .78, mean distance VA at 3 m = 0.44 LogMAR; mean near VA at 33 cm = 0.46 LogMAR;). No significant difference was found between near and distance VA at any visit during occlusion therapy, or on completion of occlusion therapy with LogMAR Crowded (<i>p</i> = .86, mean final distance VA at 3 m = 0.266 LogMAR; mean final near VA at 40 cm = 0.25 LogMAR) or LogMAR Crowded Kay Pictures (<i>p</i> = .74, mean final distance VA at 3 m = 0.16 LogMAR; mean final near VA at 33 cm = 0.16 LogMAR). There was no significant difference in the VA of the fellow (non-amblyopic) eyes prior to and on completion of occlusion therapy with LogMAR Crowded at distance (3 m) or near (40 cm) (<i>p</i> = .05, <i>p</i> = .40 respectively); or with LogMAR Crowded Kay Pictures at distance (3 m) or near (33 cm) (<i>p</i> = .89, <i>p</i> = .35 respectively). <i>Discussion</i>: Improvement in VA of amblyopic eyes did not significantly differ between near and distance testing proximites at any point during the course of occlusion therapy for amblyopia in our study. These findings may aid clinicians with appropriate test selection and help with clinical time pressures. Where patient concentration does not allow for uniocular distance vision, uniocular near vision may be used to diagnose amblyopia, and vice versa. This could prevent delay in the treatment of amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic acquired nonaccommodative esotropia patients managed with surgery; a study of 2102 patients.","authors":"Mohamad Reza Akbari, Alaa Alghurab, Elham Azizi, Masoud Khorrami-Nejad","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2283109","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2283109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several studies investigated preoperative clinical features of patients with basic-acquired nonaccommodative esotropia (BANAET); however, their sample sizes were small, and they did not compare the clinical features among cases that needed different surgery times. The main purpose of this study is to compare the preoperative clinical features of patients with BANAET managed with one surgery with patients who underwent two or more strabismus surgery over 10 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This historical cohort study was performed on the hospital records of 13,252 Iranian strabismic patients who underwent surgery at Farabi eye hospital, Tehran, Iran, from 2012 to September 2022. Of those, 2102 cases with BANAET were selected as the sample size. Data collected included sex, age at the time of first surgery, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive error, presence of amblyopia, angle of deviation, and times of surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 18.9 ± 15.6 [1200 (57.1%) males and 902 (42.9%) females] and the median age was 14 years. In 1599 (76.1%) patients, esotropia was managed with one surgery; however, 342 (16.3%) cases were managed with two surgeries and 161 (7.6%) patients underwent three or more surgeries. The mean angle of horizontal deviation at distance and near in patients managed with two and ≥3 surgeries was significantly higher than in cases managed with one surgery (<i>P</i> < .001). Amblyopia was observed in 289 (18.1%) patients who were managed with one surgery, 69 (20.2%) patients with two surgeries and 43 (26.7%) patients with three or more surgeries (<i>P</i> < .001). Patients with BANAET managed successfully with only one surgery were younger, had better CDVA, lower astigmatism and less horizontal angle of deviation at distance and near than those who underwent two or more surgeries (all <i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The higher astigmatism, lower CDVA, greater angle of horizontal deviation, and higher frequency of amblyopia were found in the preoperative examinations of BANAET patients managed with two or more surgeries compared with cases managed with only one surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquired comitant esotropias - comparison of surgical outcomes of accommodative vs non-accommodative types.","authors":"Richa Sharma, Shailja Tibrewal, Atanu Majumdar, Soveeta Rath, Suma Ganesh","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2281979","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2281979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose</i>: To compare the motor and sensory outcomes of strabismus surgery and the factors affecting surgical success in acquired acute non-accomodative esotropia (ANAET) and partially accommodative refractive esotropia (pARET). <i>Methods</i>: A retrospective chart review of patients with ANAET and pARET who underwent unilateral or bilateral horizontal rectus muscle surgery between January 2020 and December 2021 was conducted. Patients with postoperative follow-up of at least six weeks were included. Patients with pattern deviation, lateral incomitance, and near-distance disparity were excluded. Motor success was defined as a postoperative deviation within eight prism diopters of orthophoria. Sensory success was defined as presence of binocular single vision (BSV) for both distance and near (Worth four dot test). The effect of factors like age at onset, age at surgery, amblyopia before surgery, duration of squint before treatment, presence or absence and magnitude of vertical deviation, preoperative angle of deviation, and spherical equivalent on the motor and sensory success in each group were analyzed and compared. <i>Results</i>: 38 patients with ANAET and 33 patients with pARET were included. The mean age of onset of esotropia was 8.55 ± 4.65 years and 4.39 ± 2.27 years (<i>p</i> < .001) and the mean age at surgery was 10.62 ± 4.99 years and 7.89 ± 2.84 years (<i>p</i> = .006) in the ANAET and the pARET group respectively. The mean duration of the final follow-up was 38.51 weeks in the ANAET and 48.68 weeks in the pARET group (<i>p</i> = .089). Patients were successfully aligned for both distance and near in 81.5% of patients in the ANAET and 78.9% of patients in the pARET group at the final follow-up (p. 0.775). A BSV for both distance and near at the final follow-up was seen in 81.2% vs 66.6% of patients in the ANAET and the pARET group respectively (<i>p</i> = .25). A good near stereoacuity (<120 arcsecs) was seen in 60.6% and 41.9% of the ANAET and the pARET groups respectively (<i>p</i> = .175). The percentage of patients in the ANAET group who had orthophoria, any esodeviation, and any exodeviation for distance at the final follow-up was 63.1%, 34.2% and, 2.6%. The percentage of patients in the pARET group in similar categories was 36.3%, 42.4% and, 21.2%. None of the demographic and preoperative factors were found to affect the surgical outcomes in the two groups. <i>Conclusions</i>: The motor and sensory outcomes were similar in the two groups. A higher proportion of ANAET patients remained orthophoric during the follow-up. The patients in the pARET group showed a tendency toward exodrift.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":"31 4","pages":"293-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halil Pasha's legacy as a Turkish painter: Esotropia or pseudoesotropia in \"<i>Yaşlı Halayık</i>\".","authors":"Hulya Elbe","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2287854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2287854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: Esotropia is a form of strabismus, a condition characterized by the misalignment of the eyes. Specifically, esotropia refers to inward deviation of one or both eyes. It can manifest at different ages, ranging from infancy to adulthood, and can have varying degrees of severity. The false appearance of esotropia in the alignment of the visual axes is what defines pseudoesotropia. Halil Pasha was a Turkish painter known for his contributions to the art scene during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His artistic talent, coupled with his influential position as a statesman, allowed him to leave a lasting impact on the cultural landscape of the Ottoman Empire. <i>Methods</i>: In the present study, artistic depictions of esotropia or pseudoesotropia in Halil Pasha's \"<i>Yaşlı Halayık</i>\" were evaluated. A comprehensive literature review on strabismus in medicine and art was conducted. <i>Results</i>: \"<i>Yaşlı Halayık</i>\", translated as \"<i>Old Servant Woman</i>\", is one of the iconic paintings of Turkish art. It reflects the social dynamics and lifestyle of the time, offering a glimpse into the lives of women serving in Ottoman households. When we examine this painting as a physician, the first thing we notice is the old woman's eyes. An eye misalignment in the left eye of the old servant woman is noticed. <i>Discussion</i>: In medical humanities, which are addressed in medical education, medicine and art intersect with different perspectives and understandings. Although the evaluation of medical scenes in artworks seems to have been first observed by an art historian, today physicians and medical students need to examine artworks more carefully and develop their observational skills. Iconodiagnosis is the medical analysis of artworks that looks for clinical signs suggestive of medical disorders and diseases. The application of iconodiagnosis in medical education is an alternative and stimulating way to exercise students' observation skills; not only the physical examination of the patient is important, but also the information obtained from their posture, clothing, general demeanour and even physical aids.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"306-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of optical coherence tomography angiography to measure changes in iris vasculature after strabismus surgery.","authors":"Linde Vanlangenaeker, Joseph Van Aerschot, Kato Putcuijps, Maria Dieltiëns, Catherine Cassiman","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2271539","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2271539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anterior segment ischemia (ASI) is a rare but potentially sight-threatening complication of strabismus surgery. Preoperative imaging of the iris vasculature may be appropriate in patients at high risk of ASI. In clinical practice, this is currently done through invasive fluoresceine or indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and in study context through laser speckle contrast imaging. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of noninvasive optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) as a screening tool for ASI in strabismus surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective interventional trial was conducted from September until November 2021 at the Leuven University Hospitals. Patients scheduled for strabismus surgery to one or more rectus muscles underwent OCTA preoperatively and at day two postoperatively. The vascular density was calculated for all images with sufficient quality. Information on risk factors for ASI was collected. A two-sided t-test was used for pairwise comparison pre- and postoperatively. Filling defects were qualitatively assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen patients were included. In only seven muscles of five patients, images of sufficient quality on both image acquisition moments were suitable for statistical analysis. The mean age of these patients was 45.2 years and 40% were women. A mean vascular density of 53,099% preoperatively and a mean density of 50,782% postoperatively with a mean decrease of 2.316% (<i>p</i> = .318, 95% confidence interval [-2.886; 7.516]) was found. No filling defects were identified.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The small final number of images contributing to statistical analysis shows that current application of the OCTA technique is hampered by poor image quality and poor repeatability. We identified difficulties in the image acquisition process and variable pupil size due to iris muscle contractions as the two main reasons. We believe that adjustments in the OCTA software such as pupil tracking and tracking of iris vasculature can largely overcome these limitations. Furthermore, there is a need for a normative database to allow good quantitative comparison and risk stratification. We conclude that OCTA could be suitable for screening in prevention of ASI with both qualitative and quantitative analysis if adjustments are made.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"244-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian children with cerebral visual impairment: using what we know now to improve future approaches.","authors":"Susan Silveira, Natalia Kelly, Rosa Wright","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2272675","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2272675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Little has been reported on Australian children with Cerebral Vision Impairment (CVI). This paper aims to present the outcome of an audit focussed on children with the primary diagnosis of CVI, using findings from the Australian Childhood Vision Impairment Register (ACVIR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Records on 132 children (49% girls, 51% boys) from ACVIR data gathered from both the child's parent/guardian and their eye health professional were reviewed. The child's demographics, level of vision impairment, birth history, diagnostic journey, secondary ocular diagnoses, comorbidities and low vision support were analyzed. Several correlations were investigated using a Kendall's tau-b analysis including the relationship between vision and age of diagnosis; level of vision and developmental delay; and age of suspicion of visual impairment and age of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common level of visual impairment was blindness (39%), and most children were suspected and diagnosed of visual impairment in the first 6 months of life. The majority of children were born full term (72%), weighing >2000gms (84%). Nearly half of the cohort of children (48%) had a secondary ocular diagnosis with 44% having nystagmus. The majority of children (80%) had additional health problems, and 85% of children had additional disabilities, with 79% having developmental delay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While the findings of this audit cannot be generalized to a wider population of Australian children with CVI, the outcome encourages continued discussion on CVI, to explore comprehensive assessment approaches which facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"253-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strabismus and Health Related Quality of Life in a pediatric Portuguese population.","authors":"Filipe Gouveia-Moraes, Sandra Barros, Ana Vide Escada, Pedro Carreira, Gonçalo Tardão, Mariana Vaz, Nadine Marques, Nuno Campos","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2276138","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2276138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction:</i> Strabismus is a common condition among children, and its psychosocial impact has been demonstrated in recent years. The interest in a more comprehensive approach was enhanced by the recognition of health as a four-dimensional concept, arising the term Health-related Quality of Life. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the influence of strabismus in Health-Related Quality of Life of a Portuguese pediatric population. <i>Material and Methods:</i> Case-control prospective transversal study enrolling children between 5 and 12 years old. All had a complete orthoptic and ophthalmological evaluation, followed by an interview with a legal representative to answer the Pediatric Quality-of-Life Inventory 4.0, proxy-version. <i>Results:</i> Seventy-one children were included, 35 in the control group (CG) and 36 in the strabismus group (SG). In the SG, 30 (83.3%) patients had esotropia, 20 (55.6%) had more than 10 prismatic diopters and 26 (72.2%) were already surgically treated. Overall, SG was not statistically different from the CG, showing only mild inferior performance (<i>p</i> > .05). Furthermore, children with exotropia, higher deviations, none or gross stereoacuity and treatment-naïve, scored worse, especially in emotional, social, educational and psychosocial scores although not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > .05). <i>Conclusion:</i> This is the first prospective study addressing HRQoL and strabismus in a pediatric Portuguese population. It would be relevant to further address this issue in order to delineate more effective and global treatment strategies, not only considering ophthalmological goals but also the well-being of both children and guardians.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"262-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}