Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"Basic acquired nonaccommodative esotropia patients managed with surgery; a study of 2102 patients.","authors":"Mohamad Reza Akbari, Alaa Alghurab, Elham Azizi, Masoud Khorrami-Nejad","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2283109","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2283109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several studies investigated preoperative clinical features of patients with basic-acquired nonaccommodative esotropia (BANAET); however, their sample sizes were small, and they did not compare the clinical features among cases that needed different surgery times. The main purpose of this study is to compare the preoperative clinical features of patients with BANAET managed with one surgery with patients who underwent two or more strabismus surgery over 10 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This historical cohort study was performed on the hospital records of 13,252 Iranian strabismic patients who underwent surgery at Farabi eye hospital, Tehran, Iran, from 2012 to September 2022. Of those, 2102 cases with BANAET were selected as the sample size. Data collected included sex, age at the time of first surgery, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive error, presence of amblyopia, angle of deviation, and times of surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 18.9 ± 15.6 [1200 (57.1%) males and 902 (42.9%) females] and the median age was 14 years. In 1599 (76.1%) patients, esotropia was managed with one surgery; however, 342 (16.3%) cases were managed with two surgeries and 161 (7.6%) patients underwent three or more surgeries. The mean angle of horizontal deviation at distance and near in patients managed with two and ≥3 surgeries was significantly higher than in cases managed with one surgery (<i>P</i> < .001). Amblyopia was observed in 289 (18.1%) patients who were managed with one surgery, 69 (20.2%) patients with two surgeries and 43 (26.7%) patients with three or more surgeries (<i>P</i> < .001). Patients with BANAET managed successfully with only one surgery were younger, had better CDVA, lower astigmatism and less horizontal angle of deviation at distance and near than those who underwent two or more surgeries (all <i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The higher astigmatism, lower CDVA, greater angle of horizontal deviation, and higher frequency of amblyopia were found in the preoperative examinations of BANAET patients managed with two or more surgeries compared with cases managed with only one surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquired comitant esotropias - comparison of surgical outcomes of accommodative vs non-accommodative types.","authors":"Richa Sharma, Shailja Tibrewal, Atanu Majumdar, Soveeta Rath, Suma Ganesh","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2281979","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2281979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Purpose</i>: To compare the motor and sensory outcomes of strabismus surgery and the factors affecting surgical success in acquired acute non-accomodative esotropia (ANAET) and partially accommodative refractive esotropia (pARET). <i>Methods</i>: A retrospective chart review of patients with ANAET and pARET who underwent unilateral or bilateral horizontal rectus muscle surgery between January 2020 and December 2021 was conducted. Patients with postoperative follow-up of at least six weeks were included. Patients with pattern deviation, lateral incomitance, and near-distance disparity were excluded. Motor success was defined as a postoperative deviation within eight prism diopters of orthophoria. Sensory success was defined as presence of binocular single vision (BSV) for both distance and near (Worth four dot test). The effect of factors like age at onset, age at surgery, amblyopia before surgery, duration of squint before treatment, presence or absence and magnitude of vertical deviation, preoperative angle of deviation, and spherical equivalent on the motor and sensory success in each group were analyzed and compared. <i>Results</i>: 38 patients with ANAET and 33 patients with pARET were included. The mean age of onset of esotropia was 8.55 ± 4.65 years and 4.39 ± 2.27 years (<i>p</i> < .001) and the mean age at surgery was 10.62 ± 4.99 years and 7.89 ± 2.84 years (<i>p</i> = .006) in the ANAET and the pARET group respectively. The mean duration of the final follow-up was 38.51 weeks in the ANAET and 48.68 weeks in the pARET group (<i>p</i> = .089). Patients were successfully aligned for both distance and near in 81.5% of patients in the ANAET and 78.9% of patients in the pARET group at the final follow-up (p. 0.775). A BSV for both distance and near at the final follow-up was seen in 81.2% vs 66.6% of patients in the ANAET and the pARET group respectively (<i>p</i> = .25). A good near stereoacuity (<120 arcsecs) was seen in 60.6% and 41.9% of the ANAET and the pARET groups respectively (<i>p</i> = .175). The percentage of patients in the ANAET group who had orthophoria, any esodeviation, and any exodeviation for distance at the final follow-up was 63.1%, 34.2% and, 2.6%. The percentage of patients in the pARET group in similar categories was 36.3%, 42.4% and, 21.2%. None of the demographic and preoperative factors were found to affect the surgical outcomes in the two groups. <i>Conclusions</i>: The motor and sensory outcomes were similar in the two groups. A higher proportion of ANAET patients remained orthophoric during the follow-up. The patients in the pARET group showed a tendency toward exodrift.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":"31 4","pages":"293-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halil Pasha's legacy as a Turkish painter: Esotropia or pseudoesotropia in \"<i>Yaşlı Halayık</i>\".","authors":"Hulya Elbe","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2287854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2287854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: Esotropia is a form of strabismus, a condition characterized by the misalignment of the eyes. Specifically, esotropia refers to inward deviation of one or both eyes. It can manifest at different ages, ranging from infancy to adulthood, and can have varying degrees of severity. The false appearance of esotropia in the alignment of the visual axes is what defines pseudoesotropia. Halil Pasha was a Turkish painter known for his contributions to the art scene during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His artistic talent, coupled with his influential position as a statesman, allowed him to leave a lasting impact on the cultural landscape of the Ottoman Empire. <i>Methods</i>: In the present study, artistic depictions of esotropia or pseudoesotropia in Halil Pasha's \"<i>Yaşlı Halayık</i>\" were evaluated. A comprehensive literature review on strabismus in medicine and art was conducted. <i>Results</i>: \"<i>Yaşlı Halayık</i>\", translated as \"<i>Old Servant Woman</i>\", is one of the iconic paintings of Turkish art. It reflects the social dynamics and lifestyle of the time, offering a glimpse into the lives of women serving in Ottoman households. When we examine this painting as a physician, the first thing we notice is the old woman's eyes. An eye misalignment in the left eye of the old servant woman is noticed. <i>Discussion</i>: In medical humanities, which are addressed in medical education, medicine and art intersect with different perspectives and understandings. Although the evaluation of medical scenes in artworks seems to have been first observed by an art historian, today physicians and medical students need to examine artworks more carefully and develop their observational skills. Iconodiagnosis is the medical analysis of artworks that looks for clinical signs suggestive of medical disorders and diseases. The application of iconodiagnosis in medical education is an alternative and stimulating way to exercise students' observation skills; not only the physical examination of the patient is important, but also the information obtained from their posture, clothing, general demeanour and even physical aids.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"306-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of optical coherence tomography angiography to measure changes in iris vasculature after strabismus surgery.","authors":"Linde Vanlangenaeker, Joseph Van Aerschot, Kato Putcuijps, Maria Dieltiëns, Catherine Cassiman","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2271539","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2271539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anterior segment ischemia (ASI) is a rare but potentially sight-threatening complication of strabismus surgery. Preoperative imaging of the iris vasculature may be appropriate in patients at high risk of ASI. In clinical practice, this is currently done through invasive fluoresceine or indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and in study context through laser speckle contrast imaging. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of noninvasive optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) as a screening tool for ASI in strabismus surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective interventional trial was conducted from September until November 2021 at the Leuven University Hospitals. Patients scheduled for strabismus surgery to one or more rectus muscles underwent OCTA preoperatively and at day two postoperatively. The vascular density was calculated for all images with sufficient quality. Information on risk factors for ASI was collected. A two-sided t-test was used for pairwise comparison pre- and postoperatively. Filling defects were qualitatively assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen patients were included. In only seven muscles of five patients, images of sufficient quality on both image acquisition moments were suitable for statistical analysis. The mean age of these patients was 45.2 years and 40% were women. A mean vascular density of 53,099% preoperatively and a mean density of 50,782% postoperatively with a mean decrease of 2.316% (<i>p</i> = .318, 95% confidence interval [-2.886; 7.516]) was found. No filling defects were identified.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The small final number of images contributing to statistical analysis shows that current application of the OCTA technique is hampered by poor image quality and poor repeatability. We identified difficulties in the image acquisition process and variable pupil size due to iris muscle contractions as the two main reasons. We believe that adjustments in the OCTA software such as pupil tracking and tracking of iris vasculature can largely overcome these limitations. Furthermore, there is a need for a normative database to allow good quantitative comparison and risk stratification. We conclude that OCTA could be suitable for screening in prevention of ASI with both qualitative and quantitative analysis if adjustments are made.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"244-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian children with cerebral visual impairment: using what we know now to improve future approaches.","authors":"Susan Silveira, Natalia Kelly, Rosa Wright","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2272675","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2272675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Little has been reported on Australian children with Cerebral Vision Impairment (CVI). This paper aims to present the outcome of an audit focussed on children with the primary diagnosis of CVI, using findings from the Australian Childhood Vision Impairment Register (ACVIR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Records on 132 children (49% girls, 51% boys) from ACVIR data gathered from both the child's parent/guardian and their eye health professional were reviewed. The child's demographics, level of vision impairment, birth history, diagnostic journey, secondary ocular diagnoses, comorbidities and low vision support were analyzed. Several correlations were investigated using a Kendall's tau-b analysis including the relationship between vision and age of diagnosis; level of vision and developmental delay; and age of suspicion of visual impairment and age of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common level of visual impairment was blindness (39%), and most children were suspected and diagnosed of visual impairment in the first 6 months of life. The majority of children were born full term (72%), weighing >2000gms (84%). Nearly half of the cohort of children (48%) had a secondary ocular diagnosis with 44% having nystagmus. The majority of children (80%) had additional health problems, and 85% of children had additional disabilities, with 79% having developmental delay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While the findings of this audit cannot be generalized to a wider population of Australian children with CVI, the outcome encourages continued discussion on CVI, to explore comprehensive assessment approaches which facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"253-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strabismus and Health Related Quality of Life in a pediatric Portuguese population.","authors":"Filipe Gouveia-Moraes, Sandra Barros, Ana Vide Escada, Pedro Carreira, Gonçalo Tardão, Mariana Vaz, Nadine Marques, Nuno Campos","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2276138","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2276138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction:</i> Strabismus is a common condition among children, and its psychosocial impact has been demonstrated in recent years. The interest in a more comprehensive approach was enhanced by the recognition of health as a four-dimensional concept, arising the term Health-related Quality of Life. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the influence of strabismus in Health-Related Quality of Life of a Portuguese pediatric population. <i>Material and Methods:</i> Case-control prospective transversal study enrolling children between 5 and 12 years old. All had a complete orthoptic and ophthalmological evaluation, followed by an interview with a legal representative to answer the Pediatric Quality-of-Life Inventory 4.0, proxy-version. <i>Results:</i> Seventy-one children were included, 35 in the control group (CG) and 36 in the strabismus group (SG). In the SG, 30 (83.3%) patients had esotropia, 20 (55.6%) had more than 10 prismatic diopters and 26 (72.2%) were already surgically treated. Overall, SG was not statistically different from the CG, showing only mild inferior performance (<i>p</i> > .05). Furthermore, children with exotropia, higher deviations, none or gross stereoacuity and treatment-naïve, scored worse, especially in emotional, social, educational and psychosocial scores although not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > .05). <i>Conclusion:</i> This is the first prospective study addressing HRQoL and strabismus in a pediatric Portuguese population. It would be relevant to further address this issue in order to delineate more effective and global treatment strategies, not only considering ophthalmological goals but also the well-being of both children and guardians.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"262-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"List of Reviewers for Volume 31","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2292846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273972.2023.2292846","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":"52 1","pages":"I - I"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inferior rectus muscle Y splitting procedure for near-distance hypotropia disparity: an alternative to the Faden procedure.","authors":"Amar Pujari","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2252939","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2252939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A young male patient with unilateral pathological myopia complained of selective hypotropia for distance with exophoria. Due to large globe, a notable amount of inferior scleral show was evident. In this scenario, extensive dissection along inferior rectus muscle to perform a Faden procedure would have worsened the inferior scleral show. Thus, as an alternative, the anterior procedure, that is, \"inferior rectus muscle Y-splitting procedure with 4-mm recession\" was undertaken. At the end of 3 months follow up, the troublesome selective hypotropia for distance disappeared significantly with very little changes along the lower lid position. Therefore, in presence of specific anatomical limitations, the inferior rectus muscle Y splitting procedure can be considered in lieu of Faden procedure for near-distance hypotropia disparity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"197-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to reduce conjunctival cyst formation after strabismus surgery?","authors":"Zahid Hüseyinhan, Ceren Gürez, Yiğit Ülgen","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2242428","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2242428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine our rate of conjunctival cyst developing after strabismus surgery and to minimize its formation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data of 4026 eyes of 2662 patients were included in our retrospective analysis of, those that underwent strabismus surgery at the Beyoğlu Eye Training and Research Hospital Strabismus Unit between 2015 and 2021. Clinical characteristics and follow-up data of patients were recorded together with age, sex, and operation type. All patients were examined postoperatively on 1st day, 1st month and 6th month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 15.66 ± 11.81 (1-59 years). While two eyes were operated on in 1494 patients, one eye was operated on in 1168 patients. The surgeries performed were recession and/or resection of the horizontal and vertical rectus muscles and inferior and superior oblique procedures. The conjunctival cyst was detected in 11 patients postoperatively between 20 days and 8 months. The cyst was detected on the nasal side in 7 cases and temporal in 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conjunctival cyst is a rare complication after strabismus surgery and it is thought to be caused by a proliferation of the conjunctival epithelium. In addition to proper closure of the conjunctiva, attention to personal hygiene, avoidance of contacts that may increase suture contamination, and attention to the fact that the operation period is not long are actions that can help prevent conjunctival cyst formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"166-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10003074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural stability in strabismus and amblyopia.","authors":"Ali Nouraeinejad","doi":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2236138","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273972.2023.2236138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postural control is a complex skill based on the collaboration of dynamic sensory mechanisms, namely the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature survey regarding postural stability in strabismus and amblyopia was conducted using databases in order to collect data for a narrative review of published reports and available literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the literature survey were analyzed to provide an overview of the current knowledge of postural stability in strabismus and amblyopia. The results revealed that although postural control depends on the fundamental integration of three essential components (the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems), the role of vision is critical in postural stability. Once normal binocular vision is undesirably disrupted in childhood by some reason, especially in strabismus and/or amblyopia, balance is also affected. Abnormal balance affects coordination in gross and fine motor controls in school-age children and results in weakened academic performance and delayed social progress. It also impacts a child's general health, self-esteem, and safety.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Binocular vision is imperative for the maturation and preservation of balance control in children, as balance performance is reduced in strabismus and/or amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51700,"journal":{"name":"Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"202-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9866223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}