Frontiers of Architectural Research最新文献

{"title":"An individuality-oriented interactive architectural system for children with emotional/behavioral disorders","authors":"Ye Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingwei Xiang ,&nbsp;Kezhen Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interactive architecture designs enable spatial forms to respond to human activities by integrating technology, programming, and spatial experience. Most interactive programs respond to established actions in a uniform manner and do not take into account the individual emotional state of the user. However, the emotional states of children and adolescents with emotional/behavioral disorders play a crucial role in their interactions, and uniform spatial responses cannot be adapted to different people. This study developed an interactive architectural system for children with emotional/behavioral disorders based on individual emotion recognition and corresponding spatial transformation. The method proposed in this study enables individuals in certain emotional categories, such as extroverted, introverted, aggressive, and defensive states, to receive matching spatial responses. Using this individuality-oriented interactive system, we built a practical pavilion in a primary school in Tianjin. This study demonstrates how combining individual emotions and spatial variations opens up new design possibilities for interactive architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1423-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological typology pedigree of centripetal spatial schema in traditional Chinese settlements","authors":"Wei Jia ,&nbsp;Lijun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Centripetality, as a spatial prototype characterized by “collective memory”, manifests within the context of traditional Chinese culture as the inherent concept of “human-centeredness” which have existed since ancient times. This paper employs “schema theory” as a cognitive method for morphological analysis. Focusing on traditional Chinese settlements with typical centripetal spatial characteristics, it identifies 11 factors contributing to centripetality in spatial morphology. It constructs a morphological typology pedigree of centripetal spatial schema in traditional settlements. Through quantitative methods, it measures the geometric features of samples and reveals the correlation between morphological factors, typology pedigree, and geometric characteristics. The research aims to systematically understand the external manifestations and underlying causes of centripetal spatial schema in traditional Chinese settlements. This understanding, viewed through the strategic lens of “Chinese-style modernization”, seeks to provide scientific references for the revitalization of historical neighborhoods, the regeneration of traditional villages, and the development of contemporary living environments with Chinese characteristics in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1198-1214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141705529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of residential facilities on depression and frailty of the elderly in rural China: Evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study","authors":"Zhenhua Zheng,&nbsp;Yuetong Wang,&nbsp;Linquan Chen,&nbsp;Ning Sun,&nbsp;Wenya Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of rural revitalization and the increasing prevalence of aging population, the mental health of older adults in rural China has become an issue of widespread social concern. There is an association between rural living environments and depression in rural older adults, but little is known about research on residential facilities and depression in rural older adults. Based on data from the 2014–2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study explores the relationship between residential facilities, frailty and depression among rural older adults. The results show that the number of residential facilities can alleviate the level of depression among rural older adults through partial mediation of frailty. In other words, the more residential facilities there are, the less frail the older adults will be, thereby reducing the risk of depression. The lack of bathing facilities, broadband, and toilets within the household will exacerbate the level of frailty and depression among rural older adults. Paying attention to improving the living environment and residential facilities, reducing frailty, will effectively reduce the problem of depression among rural older adults, which has important implications for the health of rural older adults in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1215-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization-based design exploration of building massing typologies—EvoMass and a typology-oriented computational design optimization method for early-stage performance-based building massing design","authors":"Likai Wang ,&nbsp;Patrick Janssen ,&nbsp;Guohua Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past decade, there has been an increasing recognition of the role of computational design optimization in early-stage performance-based architectural design exploration. However, it remains challenging for designers to apply such optimization-based design explorations in practice. To address this issue, this paper introduces a design tool, called EvoMass, and an associated design method that facilitates design exploration for building massing typologies in performance-based design tasks. EvoMass is capable of offering architects design options reflecting performance-related building massing typologies for the design task, without necessitating advanced computational design skills. More importantly, it can provide architects with insights into the underlying performance implications, thereby enhancing early-stage performance-based design exploration. EvoMass and its associated design method overcome the limitation in the conventional typology-first-optimization-second design procedure adopted by most existing tools, and it promotes a typology-oriented design exploration method of using computational optimization in performance-based architectural design. To demonstrate the efficacy of EvoMass, case studies derived from architectural design studio tasks, incorporating daylighting, solar exposure, and subjective design intents, and the result of a user survey are presented, which highlights how EvoMass and the performance-based design optimization and exploration can enable architects to achieve a more performance-aware design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1400-1422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interscalable material microstructure organization in performance-based computational design","authors":"Sevil Yazici","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various parameters can be integrated in material-based computational design in architecture. Materials are the main driver of these processes and evaluated with the constraints related to the form, performance, and fabrication techniques. However, current methodologies mostly involve investigating already existing materials. Studies on computational material design, in which new materials are developed by designing their microstructures in response to the performative issues, are generally undertaken at the material scale, and not adopted to the architectural design process yet. To resolve this issue, the methodology titled Interscalable Material Microstructure Organization in Performance-based Computational Design (I2MO_PCD) is developed and presented in three stages, including (1) identification of different types of material microstructures, (2) computational material design, and (3) prototyping. Data-based material modelling and visualization, and algorithmic modelling techniques are utilized, followed by various performance simulations as a part of an iterative process. New microstructure organizations are designed computationally, organized under three main groups as linear-curvilinear, crystal and metaball-voronoi. The outcomes of different performance analyses, including structure, radiation, direct sun hours, acoustics and thermal bridge were compared. Thus, the role of geometrical organization of microstructures, scales and material types in different performance computations were identified, by designing and fabricating synthetic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1308-1326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalizing industrial territories in Ukraine: Spatial model of the tourism cluster in the Prydniprovsk region","authors":"Iryna Merylova","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article is dedicated to exploring the possibility of creating a regional-level tourism cluster in a historically developed industrial region. The research objectives are to identify the boundaries of the Prydniprovsk region, to analyze the natural-resource potential and historical-cultural identity of the investigated territory, to define the most suitable concept for the tourism cluster, and develop its model. The study takes into account the typology of the region's recreational resources, both material and non-material, along with their quantitative and qualitative indicators. The analysis of the level of urbanization of the territory and the development of the service system is conducted. The research examines the spatial distribution and concentration of recreational resources, the ability of certain industrial facilities to become recognized architectural landmarks and obtain a protective status as cultural heritage objects. The methodology employs a combined approach, based on a thorough analysis of literary sources, statistical methods for analyzing natural and historical-cultural resources, expert evaluation of the quality of industrial-oriented attractor objects, and clustering. The study represents a comprehensive system for assessing the territory concerning its natural-recreational resources and historical-cultural heritage. The key findings of the work are the spatial representation of the natural-resource base, key tourist attraction points and connections. This has allowed, for the first time, to develop a spatial model for the tourism cluster of the Prydniprovsk region and identify the main European programs where this cluster can become a part of.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1342-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulatory effects of the landscape sequences on pedestrians emotional states using EEG","authors":"Xinyao Xiao ,&nbsp;Xinxin Li ,&nbsp;Xuefan Zhou ,&nbsp;Jian Kang ,&nbsp;Jiahua Luo ,&nbsp;Lihua Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of specific landscape elements on pedestrians’ emotional experiences during walking. During the study, footages were recorded by participants while walking to obtain real-time visual element data, including greenery, building and road visibility. And electroencephalogram (EEG) indicators of <em>β</em>/<em>α</em>, (<em>α+θ</em>)/<em>β</em>, <em>θ</em>/<em>β</em> and <em>θ</em>/<em>α</em> ratio were collected to represent levels of arousal, fatigue, attention and relaxation. Our findings suggested strong correlations between <em>θ</em>/<em>α</em> ratio with both greenery and road visibility. Conversely, other indicators were primarily influenced by greenery and building visibility. Regarding the combined impact of elements, the most positive emotions were observed when green visibility exceeded 51%. However, the peak alertness was achieved with building visibility between 5.2% and 31%. The lowest fatigue and the highest attention level were recorded under building visibility less than 5.2%, and the highest level of relaxation occurred with road visibility less than 10%. In terms of the influence of time, the entire walking process could be delineated by the five and 8 min marks, classified into novelty, adaptation and sustained phase based on the patterns of emotional changes observed in the participants. Consequently, the visual elements and their combinations, and duration play regulatory roles in pedestrians' emotional experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1327-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural heritage tourism and urban regeneration: The case of Fez Medina in Morocco","authors":"Djamel Boussaa,&nbsp;Muhammed Madandola","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After Morocco gained independence in 1956, the country's historic cities, including Fez, Marrakesh, and Meknes, experienced rapid urban growth, decay, and the destruction of their rich cultural and architectural heritage. The rise in urbanisation, redevelopment projects, and tourism has raised concerns related to the urban gentrification and social sustainability of local communities. In addition, the influx of large-scale foreign investments and the conversion of traditional Moroccan houses into <em>riad</em> hotels have sparked tensions over land use, economic shifts, and the ongoing exploitation of historic cities. This research presents a case study of the world heritage city of Fez in Morocco, where these dynamics are particularly significant, as efforts are made to balance conservation and modern needs. The main question to be addressed is how can the surviving historic centres be regenerated while ensuring social sustainability for their inhabitants? The primary objective of this study is to explore the multifaceted urban regeneration strategies in Fez, focusing on urban planning, conservation efforts, economic revitalisation, and social development. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study draws on desk research, content analysis, fieldwork, observations, and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders. The findings suggest that the previous strategies focused on physical development and <em>riad</em> hotels to boost cultural tourism and tourist accommodation, exacerbating the gentrification and socioeconomic stratification of the local community. This study emphasises the “Ziyarates Fez” project, which provides an innovative approach to rehabilitating and reusing traditional houses for tourism accommodation without displacing local occupants. Furthermore, this project represents a holistic strategy for balancing economic and social sustainability in urban regeneration. This paper contributes to the expanding body of research on sustainable urban regeneration in historic cities. These results are anticipated to benefit academic research and the implementation of regeneration strategies in historic cities in Morocco and worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1228-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passive cooling techniques in medieval Indian stepwells","authors":"Samirsinh P. Parmar ,&nbsp;Debi Prasad Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stepwell is one of the unique medieval groundwater resource structures distributed across most of all the states in India. The main purpose of constructing stepped wells was to get access to the groundwater, but was also used for the storage of food, and as a summer shelter in medieval times. In tropical regions such as India, temperature is a major problem that causes thermal distress. Traditional architectural concepts were incorporated in the medieval Indian structures to achieve thermal comfort. Traditional architecture is optimization of building design to climate, adaptive crafts, and building techniques learnt over time and experience. The objective of this study is to interpret and evaluate the architectural and engineering aspects of stepwells pertaining to passive cooling techniques used in stepwells and the shelters associated with them. This paper reviews technical aspects pertaining to passive cooling in the design of stepwells, which has identified fundamental principles that can adopted for the building of various structures presently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1447-1460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141412833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From data to design: Social network insights for urban design and regeneration","authors":"Sepideh Zarepour Sohi ,&nbsp;Saeed Banihashemi ,&nbsp;Moslem Sheikhkhoshkar ,&nbsp;Poriya Abdollahi Roshan","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban public spaces are pivotal to the welfare and prosperity of modern cities. Recognizing their importance, this research addresses the critical gap in understanding and enhancing the qualities of these spaces through advanced analytics, focusing on Tehran's main traditional market, the Bazaar. A novel methodological framework combining Social Network Analysis (SNA), and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, supported by location-based social media reviews, was employed. This innovative approach assessed the Bazaar's comfort, vitality, and safety, analyzing real-time public interactions and perceptions through social media data. The findings highlighted the Bazaar's central role in Tehran's urban landscape and identified the need for strategic design interventions. These interventions aimed to improve walkability, comfort, safety, and diversity, and have been successfully implemented, significantly enhancing the Bazaar's quality and usability. This study not only advances urban studies and planning by providing a model for urban public space analysis but also underscores the value of social media data in urban analytics. The successful revitalization of Tehran's Bazaar sets a precedent for enriching urban experiences and boosting city vitality through similar interventions in other urban spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1377-1399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}