BioMedicine-Taiwan最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue, against the gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells.","authors":"Mann-Jen Hour, Fuu-Jen Tsai, I-Lu Lai, Je-Wei Tsao, Jo-Hua Chiang, Yu-Jen Chiu, Hsing-Fang Lu, Yu-Ning Juan, Jai-Sing Yang, Shih-Chang Tsai","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1423","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gemcitabine is frequently utilized to treat pancreatic cancer. The purpose of our study was to create a gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line (MIA-GR100) and to evaluate the anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue. Compared to their parental counterparts, MIA-PaCa-2, established MIA-GR100 cells were less sensitive to gemcitabine. MIA-GR100 cell viability was not affected by 10, 50 and 100 nM gemcitabine concentrations. HMJ-38 reduced MIA-GR100 cell growth and induced autophagy and apoptosis. When stained with monodansylcadaverine (MDC), acridine orange (AO), and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), MIA-GR100 cells shrunk, punctured their membranes, and produced autophagy vacuoles and apoptotic bodies. Combining chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) with HMJ-38 dramatically reduced cell viability, indicating that autophagy function as a cytoprotective mechanism. MIA-GR100 cells treated with both z-VAD-FMK and HMJ-38 were much more viable than those treated with HMJ-38 alone. HMJ-38 promotes apoptosis in MIA-GR100 cells by activating caspases. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of HMJ-38's principal targets, as determined <i>via in silico</i> target screening with network prediction. HMJ-38 also inhibited EGFR kinase activity and EGFR-associated signaling in MIA-GR100 cells. HMJ-38 may be an effective chemotherapeutic adjuvant for gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells, in which it induces an antitumor response.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celastrol restricts experimental periodontitis related alveolar bone loss by suppressing inflammatory cytokine response.","authors":"Ahmet Altın, Meltem Zihni Korkmaz, Mehtap Atak, Tolga Mercantepe, Hülya Kılıç Yılmaz","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1421","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. The host defense mechanisms are responsible for inflamatuar and destructive reactions in periodontitis. Celastrol is one of the most promising components of the plant in Eastern and Southern China that has a long history of use in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this animal study was to inspect the preventive or restrictive effects of celastrol on periodontitis-related inflammatory host response and alveolar bone loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: control, experimental periodontitis (Ep), and experimental periodontitis-celastrol (Ep-Cel). Periodontitis was induced by placing ligatures sub-paramarginally around the mandibular first molars of the rats in the Ep and Ep-Cel groups and maintaining the ligatures for 15 days. For 14 days following the ligature placement, celastrol administration (1 mg/kg BW day) for the Ep-Cel group and vehicle injection for the control and Ep groups was carried out. At the end of the experiment, mandibula and gingiva samples were obtained after the euthanasia. Alveolar bone loss was measured on serial histological slices; Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β levels were measured on gingiva samples by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Systemic celastrol administration significantly restricted the alveolar bone loss that was higher in rats with periodontitis. (p < 0.05) Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β levels that were high in the gingiva of the rats with periodontitis were found significantly lower in rats administered celastrol. (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Celastrol restricted periodontitis-related alveolar bone loss by suppressing the inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous intrathecal saline infusion for treating refractory spontaneous intracranial hypotension: A case report.","authors":"Po-Fan Chiu, Yu-Hsiang Lin, Hui-Shan Lu, I-Han Hsiao, Hung-Lin Lin","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1417","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a poorly understood condition that presents with a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from mild headaches to coma. It is typically caused by continuous spontaneous leakage of spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), resulting in orthostatic headaches. However, the appropriate management of refractory SIH remains unclear. A 50-year-old man presented with orthostatic headache followed by a rapid decline in mental status. The imaging findings were consistent with the diagnosis of SIH, with bilateral cerebral subdural hematomas and abnormal fluid collection in the posterior epidural space from the T2 to T12 levels. Computed tomography myelography of the whole spine revealed multiple high-flow CSF leakages at the T6 to T8 levels. Despite treatment with bilateral burr hole drainage for subdural hematomas and repeated lumbar epidural blood patch (EBP) three times, the patient's condition worsened and he developed stupor. A lumbar intrathecal saline bolus (90 ml) was administered to restore CSF depletion. The patient's verbal function improved immediately, and continuous intrathecal saline infusion was administered at a rate of 10 ml/h for two days. The patient's stupor gradually resolved, and after his symptoms improved, the EBP injection was repeated at the T8 level. The patient recovered completely, and during the six-year follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence. SIH may cause a refractory decline in mental status, and lumbar intrathecal saline infusion may help arrest or reverse an impending central (transtentorial) herniation. This case demonstrates an appropriate bolus and continuous infusion of normal saline, and documents the resolution of SIH. This maneuver may change the CSF flow pattern and aims to seal the CSF fistula. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanism of intrathecal saline infusion and establish effective treatment strategies for refractory cases of SIH.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutation patterns of integrase gene affect antiretroviral resistance in various non-B subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 and their implications for patients' therapy.","authors":"Fauzia A Djojosugito, Arfianti Arfianti, Rudi Wisaksana, Agnes R Indrati","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1422","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although primary integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance mutations are currently uncommon, the increasing use of integrase strand transfer inhibitor as a key component of the first, second and third-line antiretroviral regimens suggests that the prevalence of integrase drug resistance mutations will likely increase. The rise of several polymorphic mutations and natural polymorphisms also affects the level of susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1 to integrase strand transfer inhibitor. The considerable variability among the various subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 may contribute to differences in integrase mutations associated with integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Notably, non-B subtypes of HIV type-1 (HIV-1) are the predominant cause of human immunodeficiency virus infection worldwide. The presence of diverse integrase drug resistance mutations can have significant implications on the administration of integrase strand transfer inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy to patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological biomarkers of troponin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio serve as effective predictive indicators of high-risk mortality in acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"Bryan G de Liyis, Angela F Ciaves, Marwa H Intizam, Pierre J Jusuf, I Made J Rina Artha","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1425","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assessing high-risk mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, encompassing ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), and Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP), is crucial. However, the prognostic significance of hematological parameters in predicting high-risk mortality in ACS patients remains uncertain despite advancements in ACS research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim was to investigate prognostic significance of hematological parameters troponin, Creatine Kinase-MB (CKMB), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), Basophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (BLR), and Eosinophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (ELR) levels in predicting high-risk mortality in ACS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational study, data from medical records of 115 patients with ACS, including 40 with STEMI, 38 with NSTEMI, and 37 with UAP, were analyzed. Patients were selected using stratified random sampling, whereby five patients were randomly chosen each month from January 2021 to December 2022 while maintaining a 1:1:1 ratio of selection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Troponin (r = 0.519) and NLR (r = 0.484) showed moderate positive correlations with high-risk STEMI mortality. Meanwhile, troponin (r = 0.387), NLR (r = 0.279), PLR (r = 0.276), MLR (r = 0.250), BLR (r = 0.237), and ELR (r = -0.344) were found to be significantly correlated with high-risk ACS mortality. Troponin, CKMB, NLR, and MLR were significant (AUC>0.7) for high-risk STEMI mortality, and Troponin, NLR, and MLR were significant for high-risk ACS mortality. The results of the multivariate regression analysis indicated that only Troponin (OR:2.049; 95%CI: 1.802-8.218; p = 0.014), NLR (OR:1.652; 95%CI: 1.306-7.753; p = 0.030), and MLR (OR:4.067; 95%CI: 1.182-13.987; p = 0.026) were capable of predicting high-risk ACS mortality. Sub-group analysis showed an increased risk of ACS mortality by GRACE score >140 in patients with elevated levels of Troponin (OR:2.787; 95%CI: 1.032-7.524; p < 0.05), NLR (OR:3.287; 95%CI: 1.340-8.059; p < 0.05), and MLR (OR:4.156; 95%CI: 1.634-10.569; p < 0.05) above the cut-off value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Troponin, NLR, and MLR levels above the cutoff independently predict high-risk mortality in ACS.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial fluid biomarkers and their potential as predictors of successful embryo implantation.","authors":"Ana R Alves, Margarida F Dias, Margarida Silvestre","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1413","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Embryo implantation is a complex biological process which requires synchronized dialogue between the receptive endometrium and the blastocyst. The endometrium, however, is only receptive to embryo implantation for a very short period. Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a major challenge in assisted reproductive techniques mainly due to impaired receptivity, but there is still a need for a reliable and valid clinical test to assess endometrial receptiveness, especially at embryo transfer time. The aim of this review is to investigate what is currently known about the contribution of endometrial fluid (EF) to endometrial receptivity by identifying its potential biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved an extensive search of the electronic databases PubMed and Cochrane, covering the period from 2011 to 2022. A combination of Medical Subject Headings with the terms 'endometrial fluid' and 'embryo implantation' was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several different proteins presented in the endometrial cavity fluid have been described but the most consistent as potential biomarkers were Proprotein Convertase 6 (PC6), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), PIGF (Placental growth factor), β3 integrin, Colony Stimulating Factor-3 (CSF-3), Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), glycodelin and extracellular vesicles (EVs).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strong indicators support the use of uterine fluid collection as a non-invasive tool for receptivity assessment. Therefore, it could improve outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46009005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 infection risks after primary vaccination with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, or ChAdOx1-nCOV-19 and after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations with these vaccines and evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection profiles.","authors":"Soulandi Djorwé, Amale Bousfiha, Néhémie Nzoyikorera, Joseph Nyandwi, Bellamine Kawthar, Abderrahim Malki","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1412","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has significantly increased the number of cases of COVID-19 among vaccinated individuals, raising concerns about the effectiveness of current vaccines. The aim of this study was to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 infection risks after primary vaccination with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, or ChAdOx1-nCOV-19 and after homologues and heterologous booster vaccinations with these vaccines, as well as the profiles of reinfected patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed retrospectively 1082 patients vaccinated or unvaccinated with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, and/or ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccines to determine their SARS-CoV2 infection statuses using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in addition to their clinical features. The infection risks of patients receiving the different vaccine regimens were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis, comparing the adjusted OR of a positive COVID-19 test result.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 596 vaccinated patients, 53%(n = 286) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and 57%(n = 310) tested negative. Among positive cases, 10 were reinfection cases. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received one dose compared with those who received two doses (95% CI = 1.3-1.8; p < 0.01).The risk was 2.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received one dose compared with those who received three doses (95%CI = 2.1-3.3; p < 0.01), and 1.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received two doses compared with those who received three doses (95% CI = 1.3-2; p < 0.01). The patients who received two doses that were heterologous to that of the primary vaccine had the lowest risk of infection. Booster vaccinations (third dose) significantly reduced the number of positive cases with an acceptable safety profile. Higher cycle-threshold (Ct) values (indicative of viral load) were observed in vaccinated patients, whereas low Ct values were observed in unvaccinated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A complete cycle of vaccination with homologous vaccines or heterologous vaccines resulted in an acceptable reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further, vaccination was associated with a reduction in viral load.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42842016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination treatment of pembrolizumab with DC-CIK cell therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Shao M Huang, Long-Bin Jeng, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Hung-Yao Chen","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1414","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising method for advanced HCC treatment. There are several clinical trials and meta-analyses of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune cell therapy, but clinical evidence on the combination of these two therapies is lacking.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 66-year-old man with chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis complained of acute abdominal pain in an emergency department of a hospital. On exams, there was a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed a large tumor in the right lobe, 13 cm × 17 cm in size, and right portal vein thrombosis. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 30,905 mg/dL. Therefore this patient was diagnosed with BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). He underwent trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE), abdominal radiotherapy, nivolumab, and lenvatinib. His disease had been under control until two years later, the disease progressed with multiple lung metastases, and his AFP level rose from around 1000 to 17,000 ng/ml. At this stage, he underwent new combination immunotherapy in January 2022. He used pembrolizumab (100 mg) first, and the AFP level decreased by 600 ng/ml daily. Then he received DC-CIK cell therapy two weeks after using pembrolizumab, and the AFP level declined to 900 ng/ml a day. Unfortunately, severe pneumonitis and tension pneumothorax developed after therapy. The patient denied undergoing further treatment and expired peacefully.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The previous in-vivo study found that combination immunotherapy can improve tumor control in the mice model. Besides, in previous clinical studies, the level of AFP may be a surrogate marker of tumor response. Therefore we thought the more rapidly declined level of AFP was the clinical evidence of the synergistic effect of checkpoint inhibitors combined with cell therapy in HCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42388187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-specific percentile-based prostate-specific antigen cutoff values predict the risk of prostate cancer: A single hospital observation.","authors":"Teng-Fu Hsieh, Hung-Lin Chen, Ying-Fang Hsia, Che-Chen Lin, Hsiu-Yin Chiang, Min-Yen Wu, Sheng-Hsuan Chen, Po-Fan Hsieh, Hsi-Chin Wu, Han Chang, Chin-Chi Kuo","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1415","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is often recommended for men with a potential risk of prostate cancer (PCa) before requiring advanced examination. However, the best PSA cutoff value remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Object: </strong>We compared the predictive performance of age-specific percentile-based PSA thresholds with a conventional cutoff of >4 ng/mL for the risk of PCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included men who received PSA measurements between 2003 and 2017 in a medical center in Taiwan. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the association between age-specific percentile-based PSA thresholds and PCa risk in age subgroups. We further applied C-statistic and decision curve analysis to compare the predictive performance of age-specific percentile-based PSA with that of a conventional cutoff PSA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 626 patients with PCa and 40 836 patients without PCa. The slope of PSA in patients >60-year-old was almost 3 times that of those <60-year-old (0.713 vs 0.259). The risk effect sizes of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff (<60-year-old: 2.19; 60-70-year-old: 4.36; >70-year-old: 5.84 ng/mL) were comparable to those observed based on the conventional cutoff in all age groups. However, the discrimination performance of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff was better than that of the conventional cutoff among patients aged <60-year-old (C-statistic, 0.783 vs. 0.729, <i>p</i> < 0.05). The 75th percentile cutoffs also correctly identified an additional 2 patients with PCa for every 100 patients with PSA screening at the threshold probability of 20%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data support the use of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff to facilitate individualized risk assessment, particularly for patients aged <60-year-old.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of Lawsonia inermis Linn (henna) on periodontal pathogens using agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods: an in-vitro study","authors":"Şevki Güler, D. Torul, Sevda Kurt-Bayrakdar, E. K. Tayyarcan, Cagri Camsari, I. Boyaci","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37796/2211-8039.1411","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Although widely explored in medicine, limited evidence exists in the literature regarding the ef fi cacy of Lawsonia inermis Linn (henna) in the dental fi eld. Aim : This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of henna on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Methods : The agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of henna extracts. Dimethyl sulfoxide was used to prepare the ethanol extract of henna, and distilled water was used to prepare the water extract. For both ethanol and water extracts, 4 different concentrations were prepared as 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg/mL. Results : It was determined that the water and ethanol extracts of the henna samples did not show an inhibition zone on P.gingivalis and A.actinomycetemcomitans. As a result of the evaluations made with the broth microdilution method, it was found that the ethanol extract had a higher inhibitory effect on both bacteria, and both extracts had more inhibitory effects against A.actinomycetemcomitans. Conclusion : To understand the effect of henna on periodontal pathogens, more comprehensive in vitro studies should be performed on henna samples at different concentrations and with different bases.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42342193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}