Chemoecology最新文献

{"title":"Herbivore-induced plant volatiles do not affect settling decisions by synanthropic spiders","authors":"Andreas Fischer,&nbsp;Signe MacLennan,&nbsp;Regine Gries,&nbsp;Gerhard Gries","doi":"10.1007/s00049-021-00340-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00340-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An underlying assumption of optimal foraging models is that animals are behaviorally, morphologically, and physiologically adapted to maximize their net energy intake. Here we explored whether this concept applies to web-building spiders in a multi-trophic context. If a spider were to build her web next to herbivore-fed-on plants that signal the herbivores’ enemies for help by emitting herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), that spider may maximize web captures in the short term. However, she would also risk predation by <i>generalist</i> predators that “listen” to signaling plants to find both herbivore and spider prey, likely resulting in lower overall reproductive fitness for the spider. We tested the hypothesis that HIPVs trigger avoidance responses by web-building spiders. We selected seven common HIPVs and one HIPV elicitor, and in two-choice olfactometer bioassays tested their effect on four synanthropic spider species (false black widow, <i>Steatoda grossa</i>; common cellar spider, <i>Pholcus phalangioides</i>; hobo spider, <i>Eratigena agrestis</i>; western black widow, <i>Latrodectus hesperus</i>). The 8-component HIPV/HIPV elicitor blend had a weak deterrent effect on <i>S. grossa,</i> but the effect did not extend to <i>P. phalangioides</i>, <i>E. agrestis</i>, and <i>L. hesperus.</i> Our findings imply that there was insufficient selection pressure for these spiders to recognize HIPVs in a multi-trophic context, where spiders themselves could become prey if generalist predators or spider-hunting parasitoid wasps were to respond to signaling plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 3","pages":"201 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-021-00340-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5002088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in chemical cues of Melissococcus plutonius infected honey bee larvae","authors":"Elisa Kathe,&nbsp;Karsten Seidelmann,&nbsp;Oleg Lewkowski,&nbsp;Yves Le Conte,&nbsp;Silvio Erler","doi":"10.1007/s00049-021-00339-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00339-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>European foulbrood (EFB), caused by <i>Melissococcus plutonius,</i> is a globally distributed bacterial brood disease affecting <i>Apis mellifera</i> larvae. There is some evidence, even if under debate, that spreading of the disease within the colony is prevented by worker bees performing hygienic behaviour, including detection and removal of infected larvae. Olfactory cues (brood pheromones, signature mixtures, diagnostic substances) emitted by infected individuals may play a central role for hygienic bees to initiate the disease-specific behaviour. However, the mechanisms of cue detection and brood removal, causing hygienic behaviour in EFB affected colonies, are poorly understood. Here, coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to detect disease-specific substances, changes in cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles, and brood ester pheromones (BEPs) of honey bee larvae artificially infected with <i>M. plutonius</i>. Although no diagnostic substances were found in significant quantities, discriminant analysis revealed specific differences in CHC and BEP profiles of infected and healthy larvae. β-Ocimene, a volatile brood pheromone related to starvation and hygienic behaviour, was present in all larvae with highest quantities in healthy young larvae; whereas oleic acid, a non-volatile necromone, was present only in old infected larvae. Furthermore, γ-octalactone (newly discovered in <i>A. mellifera</i> in this study) was detectable in trace amounts only in infected larvae. We propose that the deviation from the olfactory profile of healthy brood is supposed to trigger hygienic behaviour in worker bees. To confirm the relevance of change in the chemical bouquet (CHCs, BEPs, γ-octalactone, etc.), a field colony bioassay is needed, using healthy brood and hygienic bees to determine if bouquet changes elicit hygienic behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 3","pages":"189 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-021-00339-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4714841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuticular hydrocarbons of Gonipterus weevils: are there species differences?","authors":"Natalia M. Souza,&nbsp;Michelle L. Schröder,&nbsp;R. Andrew Hayes,&nbsp;Jan E. Bello,&nbsp;Helen F. Nahrung","doi":"10.1007/s00049-021-00337-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00337-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Gonipterus</i> weevils have been a taxonomic challenge for many years, with implications on our understanding of invasive species, host plant relationships and natural enemies. We assessed cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) analysis as a tool for discrimination of some of the many species of <i>Gonipterus</i> occurring in Australia. Weevils were collected across several localities and kept under identical conditions prior to a whole-body wash for extraction of CHCs in hexane. Weevil identifications were confirmed using morphology and molecular tools. CHC extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and the relative peak areas in profiles were compared; compounds were identified according to MS fragmentation and retention indices. CHC profiles of the seven species of <i>Gonipterus</i> analyzed differed from each other, and from another weevil genus (<i>Oxyops</i>), used as an outgroup. The compounds that contributed most to species differences were alkanes, alkenes and methyl branched alkanes. Within some species, locality of collection affected CHC profiles. Our study presents CHC analysis as a promising tool for distinction of <i>Gonipterus</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 3","pages":"159 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-021-00337-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4297469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blepharidium guatemalense, an obligate nickel hyperaccumulator plant from non-ultramafic soils in Mexico","authors":"Dulce Montserrat Navarrete Gutiérrez,&nbsp;A. Joseph Pollard,&nbsp;Antony van der Ent,&nbsp;Michel Cathelineau,&nbsp;Marie-Noëlle Pons,&nbsp;Jesús A. Cuevas Sánchez,&nbsp;Guillaume Echevarria","doi":"10.1007/s00049-021-00338-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-021-00338-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nickel hyperaccumulation in <i>Blepharidium guatemalense</i> Standl. (Rubiaceae) was found in the tropical forests of south-eastern Mexico. This study aimed to document the geographic extent of nickel hyperaccumulation in this species, to understand its process of hyperaccumulation and to explore nickel distribution within the tissues of this plant. To accomplish these objectives, a complete non-destructive elemental screening of herbarium specimens was performed with a hand-held X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Besides, rhizosphere soils and plant tissues were collected in Mexico and analyzed for physical–chemical parameters. Finally, elemental distribution maps of nickel and other elements in plant tissues were obtained by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. This study revealed that <i>Blepharidium guatemalense</i> is distributed throughout Chiapas, Tabasco and Campeche, reaching the maximum nickel concentration in leaves (4.3 wt%) followed by roots and seeds (2.0 wt%) and bark (1.8 wt%). Simultaneous hyperaccumulation of cobalt and nickel was found in 15% of the herbarium specimens. <i>Blepharidium guatemalense</i> has uncommon re-distribution mechanisms via phloem since this tissue is the highest nickel-enriched from all parts of the plant (from roots to leaves). A high total nickel (mean of 610?μg?g^?1) was found in rhizosphere soils even though no evidence of ophiolite emplacement in that area has been reported. <i>Blepharidium guatemalense</i> represents the first hypernickelophore (&gt;?1 wt% Ni) to be reported as growing in soils that are neither ultramafic nor enriched by anthropogenic pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 3","pages":"169 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-021-00338-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4297637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Mate attraction, chemical defense, and competition avoidance in the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina pacifica","authors":"Lea C. Böttinger,&nbsp;Frederic Hüftlein,&nbsp;Johannes Stökl","doi":"10.1007/s00049-020-00336-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00336-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 1","pages":"77 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-020-00336-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4718179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rectal gland exudates and emissions of Bactrocera bryoniae: chemical identification, electrophysiological and pheromonal functions","authors":"Saeedeh Noushini,&nbsp;Soo Jean Park,&nbsp;Ian Jamie,&nbsp;Joanne Jamie,&nbsp;Phillip Taylor","doi":"10.1007/s00049-020-00335-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00335-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Bactrocera bryoniae</i> is a polyphagous and economically significant fruit fly found in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Australia. To understand chemical-mediated sexual communication, and the potential for novel pheromone-based attractants for monitoring and mass-trapping of <i>B. bryoniae</i>, rectal gland exudates and emissions from sexually mature males and females were investigated. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that male rectal glands contained six compounds, of which 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane elicited electroantennographic (EAD) and electropalpographic (EPD) responses in both sexes, ethyl 3-acetoxybutanoate elicited EPD responses in both sexes, <i>N</i>-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide elicited EAD response from males and 4-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane elicited EAD responses in males and females and EPD responses in females. Female rectal glands contained 23 compounds with the esters ethyl laurate and ethyl myristate as major components. Amongst the female rectal gland constituents, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitate elicited EAD responses in males and females, <i>N</i>-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide elicited EAD responses in males only, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane elicited EAD responses in males and EPD responses in females, and 2,7-dimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-2-ethyl-7-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, (<i>Z</i>,<i>Z</i>)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-2-propyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and ethyl caprate elicited EPD responses in females only. Y-tube bioassays indicated that male rectal gland extracts and headspace volatiles attracted females and males, while female rectal gland extracts and headspace volatiles only attracted males. The results suggest that ethyl 3-acetoxybutanoate, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane and 4-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane may be components of male-produced sex pheromone in <i>B. bryoniae</i> while (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, <i>N</i>-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitate may be components of female-produced sex pheromone. Ethyl 3-acetoxybutanoate, <i>N</i>-(3-methylbutyl) acetamide, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane and 4-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane may be components of male aggregation pheromone. These findings contribute to the understanding of pheromone communication in <i>B. bryoniae</i> and provide a foundation for developing pheromone-based monitoring and control methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 2","pages":"137 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-020-00335-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5093119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ripeness stage but not the cultivar influences the attraction of Anastrepha obliqua to guava","authors":"Fernando Cortés-Martínez,&nbsp;Leopoldo Cruz-López,&nbsp;Pablo Liedo,&nbsp;Julio C. Rojas","doi":"10.1007/s00049-020-00332-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00332-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The West Indian fruit fly, <i>Anastrepha obliqua</i> (Macquart), infests a wide diversity of tropical fruit. Previous studies suggest that <i>A</i>. <i>obliqua</i> adults are attracted to volatile compounds common in different hosts. However, to date, most studies have used ripe fruit for the identification of attractive compounds. In this study, we investigated the attraction of sexually mature <i>A</i>. <i>obliqua</i> females and males to two cultivars and three ripening stages of guava. We also identified the attractive compounds to <i>A</i>. <i>obliqua</i> by combined gas chromatography-electroantennographic detector (GC-EAD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and evaluated the biological activity of the identified compounds in field-cage tests. We found that individuals of both sexes of <i>A</i>. <i>obliqua</i> showed no preference to the volatiles of either of the two cultivars of guava evaluated. In contrast, flies were more attracted to ripe and half-ripe fruit than to unripe ones. GC-EAD analyses of extracts of ripe “Creole” or “Thai” cultivars identified six compounds that elicited antennal responses by <i>A</i>. <i>obliqua</i> females and males. The compounds were identified by GC–MS as ethyl butyrate, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, ethyl hexanoate, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, and ethyl octanoate. Half-ripe guava emit ethyl butyrate, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, ethyl hexanoate, and cis-3-hexenyl acetate, while only traces of cis-3-hexenyl-acetate were found in unripe guava. Field-cage tests with synthetic standards confirmed that the compounds identified are responsible for the attraction of <i>A</i>. <i>obliqua</i> flies to ripe guava.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 2","pages":"115 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-020-00332-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4555289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly divergent cuticular hydrocarbon profiles in the cleptobiotic ants of the Ectatomma ruidum species complex","authors":"Kenzy I. Peña-Carrillo,&nbsp;Chantal Poteaux,&nbsp;Chloé Leroy,&nbsp;Rubí N. Meza-Lázaro,&nbsp;Jean-Paul Lachaud,&nbsp;Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Lorenzi","doi":"10.1007/s00049-020-00334-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00334-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In social insects, chemical communication is the main communication mode among colony members, which use the blends of cuticular hydrocarbons as recognition cues to discriminate between nestmates and non-nestmates and to prevent the exploitation of their nest resources by aliens. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of nestmate recognition cues in the ant <i>Ectatomma ruidum</i>, a species complex with a considerably conserved morphology and one of the few ant species where intraspecific thievery, a form of cleptoparasitism, has been reported. We analyzed the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of ants collected from a number of geographically separated populations and examined DNA sequence data to assess their species identity. We focused on one species of the complex, <i>E. ruidum</i> sp. 3–4, whose species delineation remains controversial. We documented that several quantitative and qualitative traits of the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles varied significantly between populations, indicating that this species harbors more cuticular chemical phenotypic diversity than expected within a single species. In particular, there was a striking divergence among populations in the proportion of methylalkanes, alkenes, alkadienes and odd-chain components, which likely play a major role in nestmate/non-nestmate discrimination, a process which might have been crucial in these cleptobiotic ants. Further investigations are needed to test the hypothesis that biotic pressures, such as the need to discriminate conspecific intruders and limit thievery, could have played an important role in promoting the evolutionary divergence between populations in this ant species complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 2","pages":"125 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-020-00334-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4553363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mate attraction, chemical defense, and competition avoidance in the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina pacifica","authors":"Lea C. Böttinger,&nbsp;Frederic Hüftlein,&nbsp;Johannes Stökl","doi":"10.1007/s00049-020-00331-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00331-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A major hypothesis for the evolution of chemical signals is that pheromones arise from non-communicative precursor compounds. However, data supporting this hypothesis are rare, primarily because the original functions of the antecedent compounds often have been lost. A notable exception, however, is the parasitoid wasp species <i>Leptopilina heterotoma</i>, whose compound (?)-iridomyrmecin is used as a defensive secretion, a cue for females to avoid competition with con- and hetero-specific females, and as the primary component of the females’ sex pheromone. To better understand the evolution of sex pheromones from defensive compounds, we examined the chemical ecology of <i>L. pacifica</i>, the sister species of <i>L. heterotoma</i>. Here, we show that <i>L. pacifica</i> also produces a defensive secretion containing a species-specific mixture of mostly iridoid compounds. However, the composition of the secretion is more complex than in <i>L. heterotoma</i>, and iridomyrmecin is only a minor component. Moreover, in contrast to <i>L. heterotoma</i>, conspecific female competitors were not avoided by female subjects, and a role of the iridoids in the female sex pheromone of <i>L. pacifica</i> can be excluded, as only the females’ cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) resulted in the elicitation of courtship by males. Although closely related, the two sister species show substantial differences in the use of the defensive secretion for communicative purposes. Variation in pheromone usage in this genus still presents a conundrum, highlighting the need for additional studies to understand the selective forces shaping the evolution of pheromone composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 2","pages":"101 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-020-00331-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4507995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raspberry ketone supplements provided to immature male Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt), increase the amount of volatiles in rectal glands","authors":"Humayra Akter,&nbsp;Jeanneth Pérez,&nbsp;Soo Jean Park","doi":"10.1007/s00049-020-00333-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00333-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Raspberry ketone (RK) supplements provided together with sugar and yeast hydrolysate accelerate sexual maturation and increase mating success of Queensland fruit fly (‘Qfly’) males. However, the mechanisms underlying this enhanced mating ability are currently unknown. Volatiles are an important element of Qfly sexual calling and courtship and so changes in volatiles quantity or quality may be involved, and the present study investigated this possibility. Flies were fed a diet of sugar only (S) or yeast hydrolysate mixed with sugar (YH?+?S) (1:3) that contained 0% RK (control) and 5% RK (treated) for 2?days after emergence. Volatile compounds were extracted from rectal glands when flies were 6, 8, 10, 20, and 30?days old. Males fed on RK exhibited a significant increase in total volatile production in rectal glands compared to RK-unfed males (control). Males fed on RK with YH?+?S produced significantly higher amount of volatiles than males fed on RK with sugar only. Males fed on YH?+?S diet produced more volatiles in the presence of RK compared to males fed on YH?+?S diet only. Two compounds, <i>N</i>-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide and <i>N</i>-(3-methylbutyl)propanamide were dominant in endogenously produced rectal gland volatiles comprising ca. more than 90% of the total amount in both RK-fed and control males. Considering exogenous and endogenous compounds together, unaltered RK was dominant along with these two endogenous compounds in RK-fed males in rectal gland until 30?days of age in both diet groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"31 2","pages":"89 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00049-020-00333-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4474086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}