Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory最新文献

{"title":"You Are Whatever I Say You Are:","authors":"Robin Palsky","doi":"10.29173/cons29498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/cons29498","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the fluidity of Black identities created, maintained, and destroyed by white plantation holders to maintain white supremacy and economic advantages. It argues that as wealth began to flow from plantations, the identities of enslaved individuals morphed. From heathen, ‘brutish,’ wild peoples needing to be controlled to chattel property able to be manipulated and bred, to rebels and fugitives whose actions justified violence to maintain white dominance and economic status quo. This article seeks to demonstrate how contemporary Black identities within the greater society continue to be influenced by religious and codified identities enacted by white men in power. It asks us to critically engage with how we are implicit in enforcing specific identities onto Black bodies. Through this analysis, the link between wild heathens and violent criminals within societal perceptions can be illustrated.","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48615222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination and Analysis of an Unlabeled Artifact in the University of Alberta’s W.G. Hardy Classics Museum","authors":"Keenan Walker","doi":"10.29173/cons29502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/cons29502","url":null,"abstract":"In one of the display cases at the University of Alberta’s W.G. Hardy Classics Museum is a remarkably intact, but unlabeled and unnumbered classical artifact. This artifact, while rather basic in painting and design, is nonetheless unique and offers intriguing questions as to its contextual origins. It is the purpose of this paper to offer an examination and analysis of this artifact. This will be accomplished by first exploring the artifact’s shape and artistic features. Then, the artifact’s date as well as its most probable geographical location of production will be explored. Finally, a speculation of the artifact’s usage, deposition, and purpose will be offered. Through this examination and analysis the artifact will be seen not as a basic classical ceramic lacking in great detail or pomp, but rather as a unique artifact with a rich contextual origins and much to offer the viewer in regards to the cultural extent of Greek colonization in Magna Graecia.","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45157651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joseph II’s 1782 Edict of Toleration for the Jews of Lower Austria and its Economic and Secular Underpinnings and Effects","authors":"Emma Trevor","doi":"10.29173/cons29501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/cons29501","url":null,"abstract":"Joseph II’s 1782 Edict of Toleration is an important piece of legislation within Austrian and Jewish history. The Edict was a series of statements issued regarding the inclusion of Jewish citizens into larger towns, marking what was permitted, what was to change, and what was prohibited. Created by Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II, son of the notoriously anti-Jewish Empress Maria Theresia, the legislation was institutionalized in order to make Jewish people more useful economically to the state by granting them access to cities and towns, Christian schools and universities, and by allowing them to set up their own factories. It created secular subjects to achieve economic gains. The Edict can be analyzed for its economic underpinnings and effects, which can be further examined through a micro- and macroscopic lens, as well as viewing the role it had in promoting the toleration and assimilation of Jews. The Edict, despite its failure to achieve its steep economic goals or to fully assimilate Austria’s Jewish community, nonetheless is key to understanding the political, economic, and religious climate of Lower Austria at this time.","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48333026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divine Origins and Development","authors":"James Park","doi":"10.29173/cons29483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/cons29483","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the origins of YHWH and El in connection with ancient Israel, tracing its roots through Canaanite cultures. Israel’s adoption and merging of YHWH’s and El’s worship played a central role in moving their worship and religion from monolatry to monotheism. Further, this worship and conception of YHWH and El as God is intimately tied to Israel’s understanding of themselves as a chosen people and nation.","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41610828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unguaranteed Remedies","authors":"Fangxing Zhou","doi":"10.29173/cons29495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/cons29495","url":null,"abstract":"By examining an array of sources from seventeenth century England, This article studies the medicines and medical community in a disease-ridden context. I chose the seventeenth century as the field of this research, particularly because plague eruptions occurred frequently in England throughout this period of time. The article serves as a material-culture history, for it is built around the materiality of medicines: Their distinct characters, their manufacturing, and their retailing. This article contends that seventeenth-century English medicines reflect the general stagnation in the development of medical ideas and serious divisions within the medical community. People’s preoccupation with scents indicate their reliance on ancient doctrines, and the lack of consensus regarding manufacturing methods manifested the rifts within the medical community. The disputes also existed in regards to medicine-selling, as two prominent professions of the medical industry, the physicians and apothecaries, antagonized each other due to profit conflicts in the medical market. The fogyish ideas, endless disputes, lack of consensus, and the poor effects of medicines reflect a stagnated and chaotic era during which medicines were an essential source of controversy.","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48635558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Popish Pageauntes”","authors":"Rebecca Hicks","doi":"10.29173/cons29492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/cons29492","url":null,"abstract":"Though often considered little more than an interesting moment in the history of the Church of England, the vestments controversy of the sixteenth century was a decisive historical moment in early modern western history. Vestments, the clothing of clergymen, were not merely garments in the eyes of the three diverging Christian denominations, the Roman Catholic Church, the Church of England, and the early Puritan movement, in the early post-Reformation era. Imbued with the power to literally “transnature” one’s body and soul, the vestments one chose to wear were both a proclamation of one’s beliefs and a condition of their spirituality. Vestments could, and did, serve many purposes, embodying many meanings – including what it meant to be holy, who had a claim to truth, how one conceptualized the relationship between church and state, and how one understood the relationship between man and God. Bound up in the theological, political, and social debates of sixteenth-century England, the vestments controversy functions as intellectual history, revealing how people, institutions, and societies think of themselves and others. The long-term religious, political, and cultural reverberations of the vestments controversy reveal the important and complex role that clothing inhabits in the Christian West.","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46170592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democratic faith. A philosophical profile of Richard J. Bernstein","authors":"Rainer Forst","doi":"10.1111/1467-8675.12654","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8675.12654","url":null,"abstract":"<p>1. I first met Richard Bernstein in Frankfurt in the spring of 1988, where he was a visiting professor of philosophy while I was a student. I remember as truly eye-opening the seminar he taught together with Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel and the one he gave by himself on the authors he discussed in <i>The New Constellation</i> (<span>1991</span>). From that time on, this marvelous <i>Geist</i> became an important mentor for me and a dear friend, and I will always be grateful for this gift.</p><p>Dick used to refer to people he was fond of with the Yiddish <i>mensch</i>, meaning someone with a fine character and a certain knowledge of life based on experience. A great Aristotelian as he was, he inspires me to say that what a true <i>mensch</i> is one can hardly capture by a definition; rather, one has to point to an example. And I can think of no better example than Dick Bernstein himself, the warmest, most generous, wise, and dialogical person one could imagine.</p><p>2. This <i>menschsein</i> brings me to my topic, Bernstein's thinking about democracy. He was a true pragmatist, one of the greatest of his generation. This means that he approached issues in, say, political philosophy or epistemology not from separate methodological standpoints. Rather, for him all philosophical concepts and ideas had to be explained by reference to human practice and experience, and they found their place in a comprehensive philosophy of what he called the “dialogical character of our human existence” (Bernstein, <span>1983</span>, p. xv). Democracy, from this perspective, was not simply a certain form of organizing political life, rather, it was an ethical way of life. Yet for Bernstein democracy was grounded more fundamentally still as a mode of thought—or better: as <i>the</i> form of thought that makes us truly human, and again the Aristotelianism in the formulation is no mistake. Bernstein was not a metaphysical foundationalist, and he tried to liberate us from “Cartesian anxieties,” but he firmly believed in the human <i>potential</i> and <i>telos</i> of us humans, and of us <i>all</i>, as dialogical seekers of understanding. In his eyes, all human practices, those of pursuing knowledge, of social cooperation and production (including art), or of finding a common opinion or will, had to be understood as practices of <i>phronesis</i>, as communal endeavors to organize our individual and collective lives through mutual understanding. This of course means <i>rational</i> understanding, taking rationality to be the capacity of constructing our reality through dialogue. I am interested in that core idea of his, as I believe there are important treasures to be found in what I call Bernstein's <i>signature rationalism</i>. One can say a lot about its anti-Cartesian or non-Kantian character, but a form of rationalism it is, as any proper Aristotelian view must.</p><p>3. The topics of <i>praxis</i> and <i>phronesis</i> occupied Bernstein throughout his career","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":"30 1","pages":"20-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8675.12654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48723963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democracy and/or critical theory? An unfinished conversation with Dick Bernstein","authors":"Nancy Fraser","doi":"10.1111/1467-8675.12669","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8675.12669","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":"30 1","pages":"23-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ineluctable modality of the natural","authors":"Joel Whitebook","doi":"10.1111/1467-8675.12660","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8675.12660","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":"30 1","pages":"30-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42682704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"For my friend Richard J. Bernstein","authors":"Jürgen Habermas","doi":"10.1111/1467-8675.12656","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8675.12656","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It was nearly 50 years ago when Dick called me for the first time and invited me to come over to Haverford for a discussion. It is not only because of the beginning of our longstanding friendship that I start with that phone call I got in 1972 at the Humanities Center of Cornell University. It moreover led, at this first encounter, to a memorable and rather improbable discovery. The two of us had been brought up on different continents and in different societies, with different backgrounds at different schools and different universities, not to speak of a childhood and youth we spent on opposite sides of a monstrous World War, in which Dick had lost a brother; but in spite of all of these obvious distances in origin and socialization we soon discovered a broad overlap in our philosophical background and also in our present research interests. Hegel, Marx and Kierkegaard, Sartre and existentialism, even Peirce and Dewey and our present research programs in action theory and communication are the catch words to indicate this unexpected convergence of our philosophical orientations. And my surprise was soon confirmed when I read Dick's book <i>Praxis and Action</i> which I immediately recommended to Suhrkamp for translation.</p><p>However, the discovery of these <i>intellectual</i> family bonds is only half of the story; I would not have accepted the invitation to come to Haverford with Ute and our two daughters for a whole term, had Dick not been the impressive personality he indeed was—a host of overwhelming charm and an open-minded, spontaneous and inspiring partner in the ongoing ping-pong of arguments. Throughout the following years and decades, I got to know him as a sharp-minded, engaged and dedicated philosopher and teacher, as an attentive, sensitive and loyal friend and as a mind of great fairness and courage who got angry and immediately spoke up when he felt that somebody was not treated in the right way. And yet, even this friendship would not have flourished for such a long time if it had not been embedded in the broader context of relations between our families.</p><p>We enjoyed Carol's hospitality in her wide-open house, whether the families met at home—I remember our shy Judith dancing with little Daniel along the floor—or whether we were introduced to quite a few distinguished and interesting guests at dinner, first in Haverford, but in the same style later on at the upper Eastside in Manhattan or in the Adirondacks—where Dick finally spent his last days. During those memorable evenings, we met for example Jacques Derrida or Geoffrey Hartmann, or colleagues from Israel and elsewhere, who were teaching at the New School. By the way, this generous hospitality of the Bernsteins also included my son Tilmann and, my daughter, Rebekka, when they spent a year at the New School as Theodor Heuss professors. The visits were, of course, mutual: Dick has taught in Frankfurt several times; and I remember a last visit with him and Carol in Mu","PeriodicalId":51578,"journal":{"name":"Constellations-An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory","volume":"30 1","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8675.12656","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45874754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}