Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale最新文献_第9页

Beauty and truth, truth and beauty: Chiastic structure increases the subjective accuracy of statements. 美与真，真与美:交错结构增加了陈述的主观准确性。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000277

M. Kara-Yakoubian, A. C. Walker, Konstantyn Sharpinskyi, Garni Assadourian, Jonathan A. Fugelsang, R. Harris

{"title":"Beauty and truth, truth and beauty: Chiastic structure increases the subjective accuracy of statements.","authors":"M. Kara-Yakoubian, A. C. Walker, Konstantyn Sharpinskyi, Garni Assadourian, Jonathan A. Fugelsang, R. Harris","doi":"10.1037/cep0000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000277","url":null,"abstract":"The Keats heuristic suggests that people find esthetically pleasing expressions more accurate than mundane expressions. We test this notion with chiastic statements. Chiasmus is a stylistic phenomenon in which at least two linguistic constituents are repeated in reverse order, conventionally represented by the formula A-B-B-A. Our study focuses on the specific form of chiasmus known as antimetabole, in which the reverse-repeated constituents are words (e.g., All for one and one for all; A = all, B = one). In three out of four experiments (N = 797), we find evidence that people judge antimetabolic statements (e.g., Success is getting what you want. Happiness is wanting what you get.) as more accurate than semantically equivalent nonantimetabolic statements (e.g., Success is getting what you wish. Happiness is wanting what you receive.). Furthermore, we evaluate fluency as a potential mechanism explaining the observed accuracy benefit afforded to antimetabolic statements, finding that the increased speed (i.e., fluency) with which antimetabolic statements were processed predicted judgments of accuracy. Overall, the present work is consistent with the growing literature on stylistic factors biasing assessments of truth, using the distinctive stylistic pattern of antimetabole. We find that information communicated using an antimetabolic structure is judged to be more accurate than nonantimetabolic paraphrases. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78358601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in the allocation of visual attention during navigation. 导航过程中视觉注意分配的个体差异。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000247

Mikayla Keller, Jennifer E Sutton

{"title":"Individual differences in the allocation of visual attention during navigation.","authors":"Mikayla Keller, Jennifer E Sutton","doi":"10.1037/cep0000247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000247","url":null,"abstract":"Individual differences exist in the ability to create an accurate mental survey representation (i.e., a cognitive map) of a novel environment, yet the mechanisms underlying differences in cognitive map accuracy are still under investigation. To determine whether differences in overt attention allocation contribute to these individual differences, the current study examined whether looking times to landmarks and other objects while navigating in a dynamic virtual environment were related to cognitive map accuracy. Participants completed a battery of spatial tests; some tests assessed spatial skills prior to the navigation task (the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale and the Spatial Orientation Test), and others tested memory of the virtual environment Silcton after an exploration period (a landmark recognition task, a direction estimation task, a map-building task, and a route construction task). Individuals with inaccurate cognitive maps of Silcton, as measured by the direction estimation and map-building tasks, showed equivalent eye fixations to buildings and objects when exploring Silcton as those with accurate maps. Despite similar looking times, the inaccurate mappers were significantly worse at judgments of relative direction between landmarks in Silcton and showed poorer memory for landmarks in Silcton than accurate mappers. These findings suggest that cognitive mechanisms, such as mental perspective-taking, occurring after attention allocation underlie differences in cognitive map accuracy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25514599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Memory without retrieval: Testing the direct-access account of the missing item task. 没有检索的记忆:测试缺失项任务的直接访问帐户。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-22 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000263

Ian Neath

{"title":"Memory without retrieval: Testing the direct-access account of the missing item task.","authors":"Ian Neath","doi":"10.1037/cep0000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000263","url":null,"abstract":"In the missing item task, two short lists are presented. The test list contains all but one of the items from the study list in a new random order and the task is to report which item from the study list is missing. Murdock and Smith (2005) found that the time to correctly respond with the missing item was independent of the position of the missing item and was also independent of the list length. They argued that these data are difficult to accommodate by models that include a search process but are consistent with models that posit \"direct access\" such as the power set version of Theory of Distributed Associative Memory (TODAM). If direct access is occurring, redintegration cannot be occurring. Two experiments test the direct access account by determining whether two effects commonly ascribed to redintegration occur in the missing item task. Experiment 1 found a semantic relatedness effect and Experiment 2 found a word frequency effect. The presence of these effects is consistent with a redintegration account. Implications for TODAM and for an explanation based on the Feature Model are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39209289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct visual resolution supports aperture shaping in natural and pantomime-grasping. 独特的视觉分辨率支持孔径塑造自然和哑剧抓取。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000264

Matthew Heath, Naila Ayala, Maryam Hamidi, Benjamin Tari

{"title":"Distinct visual resolution supports aperture shaping in natural and pantomime-grasping.","authors":"Matthew Heath, Naila Ayala, Maryam Hamidi, Benjamin Tari","doi":"10.1037/cep0000264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000264","url":null,"abstract":"Pantomime-grasping is a \"simulated\" motor response wherein an individual grasps to an area dissociated from a physical target. The task has been used in the apraxia literature as a proxy for natural grasping (i.e., physically grasping a target); however, it is important to recognize that the task's decoupled spatial relations between stimulus and response renders the top-down processing of target features (e.g., size) that accumulating evidence has shown to be mediated by visual information functionally distinct from natural grasping. Here, we examined whether the visual information supporting pantomime-grasps exhibits a visual resolution power commensurate with natural grasps. Participants were presented with a target and nontarget that differed in size below the perceptual threshold (i.e., 0.5 mm or ∼1.3%) and were asked to make a perceptual judgment about the target (i.e., \"smaller\" or \"larger\" than the nontarget) before and after completing natural and pantomime-grasps. Results showed that perceptual judgments \"before\" and \"after\" natural and pantomime-grasps did not reliably distinguish between target and nontarget. Natural grasp peak grip apertures (PGAs) scaled to target size and were comparable for \"before\" and \"after\" perceptual judgment trials-a result indicating that haptic feedback from physically grasping the target did not \"boost\" perceptual accuracy. Most notably, pantomime-grasp PGAs were insensitive to target size; that is, responses elicited a visual resolution power less than natural grasps. These results provide convergent evidence that pantomime-grasps are mediated by the same visual information as obligatory perceptions and do not provide a proxy for natural grasps. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39555476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Separate processing mechanisms for spatial-numerical compatibility and numerical-size congruity. 空间-数值相容性和数值-尺寸一致性的分离处理机制。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-10 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000270

James E Vellan, Craig Leth-Steensen

{"title":"Separate processing mechanisms for spatial-numerical compatibility and numerical-size congruity.","authors":"James E Vellan, Craig Leth-Steensen","doi":"10.1037/cep0000270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000270","url":null,"abstract":"Across two experiments, the numerical magnitude and the physical size of single digits presented in either two (Experiment 1) or four (Experiment 2) different font sizes were judged using either horizontally and vertically (Experiment 1) or just horizontally (Experiment 2) aligned manual responses. Such a design allowed for the simultaneous examination of the size congruity effect (SiCE), the spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect, and the more novel spatial-size association of response codes (SSARC) effect. In Experiment 1, SiCEs and SNARC effects were found that operated independently of one another but no SSARC effect occurred. In Experiment 2, separate SiCEs and SNARC effects were found when judging numerical magnitude whereas separate SiCEs and SSARC effects were found when judging physical size. As will be discussed, such findings provide important constraints on the manner in which the full set of congruency and compatibility effects between stimulus and response dimensions in such tasks may be modeled. To illustrate this point, four different versions of a general computational processing model of these effects are considered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39611409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Automaticity and cognitive control in bilingual and translation expertise. 双语和翻译专业知识中的自动性和认知控制。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000268

Giulia Togato, P. Macizo, T. Bajo

{"title":"Automaticity and cognitive control in bilingual and translation expertise.","authors":"Giulia Togato, P. Macizo, T. Bajo","doi":"10.1037/cep0000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000268","url":null,"abstract":"It has been observed that different linguistic experiences might exert a differential effect on general cognitive processes. For example, research has shown that language control in professional translation differs from language control applied to other types of bilingual activities. The present study focuses on the construct of automaticity and aims at determining whether different linguistic experiences might modulate the balance between automaticity and cognitive control at the general cognitive level. Hence, monolinguals, bilinguals, and professional translators performed a memory search task that has extensively been employed to observe how automaticity is acquired through consistent practice. Comparisons between the groups showed overall differences in the ease with which the task was performed and, importantly, differences in both automaticity and cognitive control. Specifically, monolinguals showed higher levels of automaticity in the learning phase of the task, while bilinguals and professional translations carried out the task in a more controlled fashion. This pattern might have implied higher cognitive costs for the monolingual group when a switched learning condition was presented. Possibly due to previous control over the initial learning phase, bilinguals and translators were less affected by the cognitive costs associated to the reversal of the learning condition. Differences are explained in terms of professional translation and everyday bilingual practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78370110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Visual word recognition: Attention, intention, context, and processing dynamics. 视觉词识别:注意、意图、语境和处理动态。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000274

D. Besner

{"title":"Visual word recognition: Attention, intention, context, and processing dynamics.","authors":"D. Besner","doi":"10.1037/cep0000274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000274","url":null,"abstract":"The notion that some mental processes are \"automatic\" while others are \"controlled\" is a distinction that appears in virtually all cognition textbooks, as well as in thousands of papers and book chapters. Indeed, so entrenched is the automatic side of this distinction that various leading computational accounts make no mention of it, but instead assume it implicitly. These models, and the field more generally, assume that processing is stimulus triggered and does not need any form of attention or an intention as a preliminary. Further, the fundamental processing dynamics underlying such automatic processing is widely seen as consisting of interactive activation and autonomous in that it unfolds in the same way across contexts. I review a number of findings from my lab that lead me to a different conclusion. Visual word recognition requires a consideration and integrated understanding of automaticity, attention, intention, context, and cognitive processing. I present various findings that challenge the preeminent role ascribed to interactive activation as implemented in the dominant computational models. I conclude that, going forward, the time is due for computational models of visual word recognition (and researchers in the field more generally) to acknowledge that the findings reported here constitute benchmarks that constrain theory and present opportunities for making meaningful advances in our understanding of visual word recognition (and perhaps of cognition more generally). A few proposals for how we might think about some of these processes are offered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89037699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Picking up the pieces: Sex differences in mechanisms of curve tracing. 拾起碎片:曲线追踪机制中的性别差异。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000265

Willem Millett, Daniel Voyer

{"title":"Picking up the pieces: Sex differences in mechanisms of curve tracing.","authors":"Willem Millett, Daniel Voyer","doi":"10.1037/cep0000265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000265","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined potential sex differences in the application of models of curve tracing, namely the pixel-by-pixel model, the bipartite model, and the zoom lens model. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine whether sex differences existed in terms of reliance on a particular model or whether the results of each sex could be best explained by one model. This was done by examining the combined data obtained by Voyer and MacPherson (2020), consisting of 420 participants, with 194 men and 226 women. We examined only the curve-tracing task data from that study and compared the fit of the different models as well as a possible interaction with sex of participants on the proportion of correct responses and response time. Overall, sex was a significant factor, with men showing better average accuracy and faster performance than women. On accuracy, we found that the pixel-by-pixel model provided the best fit for women, whereas the zoom lens model produced the best fit for men. On response time, the zoom model was the best predictor of response time for both sexes. The discussion elaborates on an account of these findings and on how our results might generalize to other visual-spatial tasks where a performance advantage for men is found. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39582958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A pompous snack: On the unreasonable complexity of the world's third-worst jokes. 一种浮夸的零食:关于世界第三糟糕笑话的不合理复杂性。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000234

Chris Westbury, Geoff Hollis

{"title":"A pompous snack: On the unreasonable complexity of the world's third-worst jokes.","authors":"Chris Westbury, Geoff Hollis","doi":"10.1037/cep0000234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/cep0000234","url":null,"abstract":"Although studies of humour are as old as the Western academic tradition, most theories are too vague to allow for modelling and prediction of humour judgments. Previous work in modelling humour judgments has succeeded by focusing on the world's worst jokes: the slight humour of single nonwords (Westbury, Shaoul, Moroschan, & Ramscar, 2016) and single words (Westbury & Hollis, 2019). Here that work is extended to the world's third-worst jokes, adjective-noun pairs such as dancing dildo, flabby goldfish, and pompous snack. Participants used best-worst scaling to rate the humour of random word pairs. Those judgments were modelled using both linear regression and genetic programming, which is not constrained by assumptions of linearity. The linear regression models were as successful as the nonlinear models at predicting humour judgments, accounting for 27% of the variance in a 540-item validation set. Predictors associated only with the noun and with the relationship between the adjective and noun accounted for much more variance (over 14% each) than predictors associated only with the adjective (6.3%). Greater cosine distance of the adjective word2vec vector from the vectors of the shared neighbors of the noun and adjective is associated with higher humour ratings, whereas the opposite relationship is true for the noun. This captures a form of incongruity not seen in single items, by which neighbours of the adjective become unexpectedly relevant only when the noun brings them into focus. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":51529,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25514598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Canadian Journal of (Experimental) Psychology: The first 70 years. 加拿大(实验)心理学杂志:前70年。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology-Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-07 DOI: 10.1037/cep0000253

Colin M MacLeod

引用次数: 0