American Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献

Sexual Assault, Female Immigrant Victims, and Judicial Focal Concerns in U.S. and Canadian Courts 美国和加拿大法院的性侵犯、女性移民受害者和司法焦点问题

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09797-9

Sidra Hashmi, Jonathan C. Reid, Samantha J. Brown

引用次数: 0

Translational Criminology Through an Evaluation Framework: Improving Research and Policy 评价框架下的翻译犯罪学：改进研究和政策

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09799-7

Daniel P. Mears

{"title":"Translational Criminology Through an Evaluation Framework: Improving Research and Policy","authors":"Daniel P. Mears","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09799-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09799-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper seeks to advance efforts to understand and extend translational criminology as a means by which to improve criminal justice research and policy, including laws, programs, and practices. To this end, it conceptualizes translational criminology as a collaborative activity, one that involves researchers and policymakers, practitioners, and communities, and is grounded in an evaluation research framework. Using this framework highlights that translational criminology can inform research, policy, and practice along five distinct dimensions: (1) Identifying the need for particular policies, (2) developing a strong theoretical and empirical foundation for them, (3) monitoring and improving implementation that aligns with the design of the policy and local context, (4) monitoring outcomes and assessing impacts, including potential harms, with a focus on identifying ways to increase effectiveness and minimize harms, and (5) creating accurate estimates of cost-efficiency and a foundation for informing assessment of whether policies should be terminated, continued, or expanded. Opportunities for translational criminology are substantial and hold the potential for advancing science and improving criminal justice policy creation and design, implementation, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 3","pages":"383 - 404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progressive Prosecution Policies in Philadelphia: An Assessment of Implementation Fidelity 费城渐进式起诉政策：对执行保真度的评估

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09792-0

Jeffrey T. Ward, E. Rely Vîlcică, Jesse Brey, Megan Mohler, Cheyenne Dolbear

{"title":"Progressive Prosecution Policies in Philadelphia: An Assessment of Implementation Fidelity","authors":"Jeffrey T. Ward, E. Rely Vîlcică, Jesse Brey, Megan Mohler, Cheyenne Dolbear","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09792-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09792-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contemporary prosecutor-led criminal justice reform seeks to improve fairness and reduce the justice system footprint. To this end, “progressive” prosecutorial offices have adopted numerous policies that set presumptive actions and guide attorney decision making. We develop a measure of justice policy implementation fidelity that enables an overall assessment of the implementation of a collection of recent prosecutorial policies in Philadelphia tapping into several domains: support, clarity, beliefs, monitoring, barriers, and adherence. Data were collected during 2021–2022 from a sample in the Philadelphia District Attorney’s Office (DAO) and were analyzed using reliability and principal-components factor analysis, tabular and data visualization methods, and OLS regression. Results indicate generally strong support for and adherence to progressive policies. However, policy clarity is moderate, and there are internal barriers perceived to adversely affect implementation efforts. DAO staff believe policies are generally effective for addressing unfair outcomes for defendants, but less so with more traditional system aims, such as decreasing crime rates and achieving quick case resolution. Adherence can be bolstered by improving other elements of implementation fidelity. These findings provide important guidance for both future policy implementation efforts in Philadelphia and for DAs seeking to implement reform agendas in other locales.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 3","pages":"472 - 509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-025-09792-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Juvenile Justice Contact, Educational Trajectories, and Recidivism: A Mixed Method Evaluation 青少年司法接触、教育轨迹与再犯：一种混合方法评估

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09791-1

Margaret Bond, Kimberly M. Davidson

{"title":"Juvenile Justice Contact, Educational Trajectories, and Recidivism: A Mixed Method Evaluation","authors":"Margaret Bond, Kimberly M. Davidson","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09791-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09791-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research demonstrates strong relationships between education and positive post-prison outcomes. Recognizing that educational trajectories can be disrupted early on, we investigate the impact of juvenile justice contact on educational attainment, educational aspirations, and recidivism. We examine relationships in data from two connected prison-based data collection projects both quantitatively (n = 174) and qualitatively (n = 88). We utilize Cox models to assess the impact of education on recidivism among a sample of incarcerated men with substance use disorders. Longitudinal in-depth semi-structured interviews reveal patterns of juvenile justice contact, perceptions of school, educational aspirations, and post-release outcomes. Quantitative analyses demonstrate that formal education attainment, but not intelligence, is significantly related to recidivism. The qualitative transcripts illustrate that juvenile justice contact can impede educational aspirations and achievement. We discuss policy implications, including making education, a consistent predictor of post-release success, accessible to incarcerated and reentering individuals and altering exclusionary school discipline policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 3","pages":"446 - 471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Boosting Drug Treatment Attendance Through Police-Sent Text Message Nudges: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Drug-Positive Arrestees 通过警察发送短信提示提高戒毒治疗出勤率：一项药物阳性被捕者的随机对照试验

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09794-y

Paul Dwyer, Barak Ariel, Vincent Harinam

{"title":"Boosting Drug Treatment Attendance Through Police-Sent Text Message Nudges: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Drug-Positive Arrestees","authors":"Paul Dwyer, Barak Ariel, Vincent Harinam","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09794-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09794-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Attrition from drug treatment programs is a ubiquitous concern, but less is known about effective strategies to assist people with an addiction in arriving at the initial intake meeting. This study investigates whether text message reminders sent to drug-positive arrestees to participate in mandated drug treatment appointments increase attendance rates. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in London, and participants were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (<i>n</i> = 403) receiving a text message reminder or a control group (<i>n</i> = 410) receiving no text message. Participants were arrestees with a verified mobile phone number who tested positive for Class A drugs at intake across 25 custody suites and were scheduled for a drug treatment assessment at one of London’s 28 treatment facilities. The primary outcome was the attendance rate at drug treatment centers, which was analyzed using an ordinary least squares regression model. Results suggest that nudges have the potential to increase attendance at drug treatment centers among drug-positive arrestees. Although we have no additional outcome variables, the intervention shows promise as a cost-effective strategy for enhancing compliance with mandated rehabilitations. Future research should explore this intervention’s broader implications and effectiveness across diverse and more extensive samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 3","pages":"405 - 421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-025-09794-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do White and Black People Truly View the Police Differently? Findings from a Study of Crime Hot Spots in Baltimore, Maryland 白人和黑人对警察的看法真的不同吗？来自马里兰州巴尔的摩市犯罪热点研究的发现

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09795-x

Kiseong Kuen, CJ Appleton, David Weisburd, Clair V. Uding

{"title":"Do White and Black People Truly View the Police Differently? Findings from a Study of Crime Hot Spots in Baltimore, Maryland","authors":"Kiseong Kuen, CJ Appleton, David Weisburd, Clair V. Uding","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09795-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09795-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While numerous studies demonstrate that Black individuals have more negative perceptions of the police than their White counterparts, few have simultaneously examined racial differences in perceptions of procedural justice, police effectiveness, and legitimacy. Additionally, limited research has rigorously examined the relationship between race and perceptions of the police while carefully accounting for potentially relevant factors that could influence this relationship. Using unique survey data largely drawn from crime hot spots in Baltimore, Maryland, we examined the differences between White (<i>n</i> = 500) and Black (<i>n</i> = 2,452) individuals’ perceptions of procedural justice, police effectiveness, and police legitimacy. Furthermore, by conducting propensity-score matching on White and Black residents in our data, we compared perceptions of the police between 394 pairs of similarly situated Black and White residents who were matched based on demographics, victimization, offending, self-control, recent experiences with the police, perceived police presence, and street environments. Results indicated that while Black people have more negative perceptions of procedural justice than White people, they do not hold different perceptions regarding police effectiveness and obligation to obey. These findings hold even when comparing the matched White and Black people. Our findings suggest a nuanced relationship between race and perceptions of the police.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 3","pages":"541 - 564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-025-09795-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Interplay Between Environmental Design and Management Practices and Their Association with Crime at Multi-Unit Apartments 探索环境设计和管理实践之间的相互作用及其与多单元公寓犯罪的联系

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09796-w

Rustu Deryol, SooHyun O, YongJei Lee, Pamela Wilcox

{"title":"Exploring the Interplay Between Environmental Design and Management Practices and Their Association with Crime at Multi-Unit Apartments","authors":"Rustu Deryol, SooHyun O, YongJei Lee, Pamela Wilcox","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09796-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09796-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study builds upon Newman and Franck‘s (1982) classic work by examining whether and how the actions of managers can mediate the effects of physical design features on crime. The present study also examines possible interactions between management practices and physical design features of apartments. These interactions are explored through structural equational modeling of site observation and manager survey data from a Cincinnati-based sample of 237 apartments. Our findings indicate that physical design features do not have significant indirect effects on crime counts via management practices, with the exception of the effect of amenities, which partially operates through secured access. Another important finding to emerge from the study involved moderation effect models showing that regulatory signs conditioned the association between dead-end/cul-de-sac and property and all crime counts. Finally, secured access at cul-de-sac locations corresponded with less violent and all crime counts compared to cul-de-sac locations without secured access. The results of this study imply that future studies examining the relationship between environmental design, place management, and crime might consider hybrid theoretical models, further exploring design-management interaction effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 3","pages":"422 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dry Aggression: The Impact of Drought on Violent Crime Trends in California Counties 干旱侵略：干旱对加州县暴力犯罪趋势的影响

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09793-z

Noah D. Cohen

引用次数: 0

Dangerous or Lazy: An Experimental Analysis of Defendant Characteristics and Public Support for Collateral Consequence Restrictions 危险还是懒惰：附带后果限制的被告特征与公众支持的实验分析

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09790-8

Kevin H. Wozniak, Justin T. Pickett, Elizabeth K. Brown

引用次数: 0

Confronting Community Gun Violence Through Research Translation: A Case Study of Challenges and Facilitators 通过研究翻译面对社区枪支暴力：挑战和促进者的案例研究

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09786-4

Kaylee Noorman, Kimberly M. Davidson, Emma E. Fridel, Shayna Arrigo, Rachel Strickland, George B. Pesta, Thomas G. Blomberg

{"title":"Confronting Community Gun Violence Through Research Translation: A Case Study of Challenges and Facilitators","authors":"Kaylee Noorman, Kimberly M. Davidson, Emma E. Fridel, Shayna Arrigo, Rachel Strickland, George B. Pesta, Thomas G. Blomberg","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09786-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09786-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, gun violence has surged in many cities along with increasing demands for effective intervention and prevention. Researcher-practitioner partnerships (RPPs) have been identified as a promising practice to effectively respond to a particular community’s gun violence with appropriately aligned intervention and prevention programs. However, recently, numerous sources have called for RPPs to include the perspectives of those with lived experiences as part of the RPP model, yet inclusion of these voices can present unique challenges for research translation. This case study contributes to the budding understanding of these specific RPPs by documenting the experienced procedures and challenges of a local community-engaged RPP. Specifically, we describe the development of this partnership, the research partner’s activities during the planning phase of this partnership, and, primarily, outline and assess the challenges encountered through the inclusion of community partners and voices during this phase and discuss the impact of these challenges on project progress. Documented challenges included weighing community perceptions of crime versus empirical data, putting the “cart before the horse,” and managing expectations. These challenges contributed to goals, roles, and expectations being misaligned with the focus of the partnership, competing priorities and recommendations for implementation strategies, and resistance to research translation. We conclude with tangible recommendations for the initiation of a community-engaged approach to RPPs, focusing on how to preemptively circumvent or more adeptly navigate these distinctive challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 2","pages":"282 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0