American Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献_第2页

The Compounding Effect: How Co-Offending Exacerbates the Harm Caused by Violent Offenders 复合效应：共同犯罪如何加剧暴力罪犯造成的伤害

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09765-9

Emily Piper, Barak Ariel, Vincent Harinam, Matthew Bland

引用次数: 0

Attrition from Jail Reentry Program Increases Recidivism 监狱重返社会计划的减员增加了累犯率

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w

Kevin Anderson, William Medendorp

{"title":"Attrition from Jail Reentry Program Increases Recidivism","authors":"Kevin Anderson, William Medendorp","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reentry programs represent an increasingly popular method to reduce recidivism for individuals exiting prison and jail systems throughout the United States. Most evaluations tend to focus on recidivism as the primary outcome of interest. Attrition, however, can function an important supplementary measure that complements recidivism outcomes. To demonstrate, we analyze a jail reentry program built around peer navigators serving as staff members that refer participants to necessary support services while also serving as a mentor to participants exiting jail. We use a combination of general linear models (GLMs), Mahalanobis distance matching (MDM), and panel regression to both predict attrition and compare recidivism outcomes between three attrition groups: program completers, program quitters, and matched controls. Participants that successfully completed the program did not avoid new convictions or reincarceration significantly more or less than matched controls. Participants that quit the program, however, saw significantly higher conviction and reincarceration rates compared to matched controls. The nuance added to our program evaluation by adding attrition as a differential factor is worth consideration by other reentry programs who may not be realizing the full picture of their results by presenting recidivism outcomes alone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 5","pages":"634 - 652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-024-09764-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SAVRY Predictive Validity of Mississippi Justice-Involved Youth Recidivism: A Latent Variable Approach SAVRY 密西西比州涉法青少年累犯的预测效力：潜变量方法

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09766-8

Richard Dembo, Sheena K. Gardner, Angela A. Robertson, Jennifer Wareham, James Schmeidler

引用次数: 0

Is Boomtown Growth Associated with Crime in Suburban Areas?: Examining the Importance of Rapid Population Growth and Neighborhood Change for Crime in Frisco, Texas 繁荣城市的发展是否与郊区的犯罪有关？研究得克萨斯州弗里斯科人口快速增长和邻里变化对犯罪的影响

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09762-y

Michael S. Barton, Joy Ngelor Watchese Njeh, Jennifer LaRose

{"title":"Is Boomtown Growth Associated with Crime in Suburban Areas?: Examining the Importance of Rapid Population Growth and Neighborhood Change for Crime in Frisco, Texas","authors":"Michael S. Barton, Joy Ngelor Watchese Njeh, Jennifer LaRose","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09762-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09762-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A substantial body of research has documented the consequences of rapid population growth for crime, but most of this literature focused on population growth in major cities during the first half of the twentieth century or on boomtown growth in rural areas since the 1970s. The findings of both literatures helped to identify important correlates and consequences of rapid population growth, but neither body of research engages with suburban areas in which approximately half of the United States population currently live. The current study examines the relationship of rapid population growth with levels of violent and property crime in one of the fastest growing suburban areas in the United States, Frisco Texas. The results indicate rapid population growth was not associated with changes in crime at the city level, but neighborhood level analyses suggest crime may became more concentrated in certain areas. Longitudinal regression analyses also reveal that many commonly assessed correlates of crime may operate differently in suburban areas than do in urban areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 4","pages":"508 - 530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigation for a Murderer 为杀人犯减刑

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09761-z

Craig J. Forsyth

引用次数: 0

The Deleterious Health Consequences of COVID in United States Prisons 美国监狱中 COVID 的有害健康后果

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09758-8

Xiaohan Mei, Melissa A. Kowalski, Leah Reddy, Ciara McGlynn, Mary K. Stohr, Craig Hemmens, Jiayu Li

{"title":"The Deleterious Health Consequences of COVID in United States Prisons","authors":"Xiaohan Mei, Melissa A. Kowalski, Leah Reddy, Ciara McGlynn, Mary K. Stohr, Craig Hemmens, Jiayu Li","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09758-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09758-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By January 2024, the COVID-19 pandemic claimed more than 1.1 million deaths in the United States (U.S.). People in prison are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 as they have no ability to socially distance, secure masks, disinfect their environment or have as much access to tests or vaccinations as is available in the community. In addition, many of these individuals reside in crowded conditions with little ventilation, which makes the spread of the virus more likely. In this paper, we used data from two projects, including the UCLA Law COVID Behind Bars Data Project and the COVID Prison Project, and supplemented these with publicly available data to examine the number of deaths and infection rates caused by COVID-19 among people in prison and prison staff in the U.S., as reported by the population of those facilities. We found that the incidence of infections and death rates in prisons were affected by crowding, prison security type (maximum, medium, minimum, or mixed) and level of prison (state or federal). People in prison who were less likely to have as much human contact (e.g., maximum-security prisons) were also less likely to be afflicted with COVID-19. People in prison were twice as likely to be infected by COVID-19 but had a similar death rate compared to the general public. Prison overcrowding increased the infection rate. The most effective state health policy was to quarantine people who had close contact with confirmed, positive cases. Further, state prisons demonstrated a higher death rate compared to federal prisons. Greater efforts to ameliorate COVID-19 and similar pathogens should be directed at state prisons with lower-level security and prisons with closer contact with the community. Quarantining close-contacts and restricting movements were the most effective state-level responses to reduce infections in prisons during April 2020 to April 2022.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 3","pages":"435 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Veterans Treatment Courts during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Examination of Adaptations and Best Practices for Continuing Operation COVID-19 大流行期间的退伍军人治疗法院：对持续运作的适应性和最佳做法的研究

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09760-0

Caroline I. Jalain, Melissa J. Stacer

引用次数: 0

Examining the Association Between Citizenship and Ethnicity on Identity Theft Risk: Findings from the National Crime Victimization Survey 研究公民身份和种族对身份盗窃风险的影响：全国犯罪受害者调查的结果

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09759-7

Cooper A. Maher

{"title":"Examining the Association Between Citizenship and Ethnicity on Identity Theft Risk: Findings from the National Crime Victimization Survey","authors":"Cooper A. Maher","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09759-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09759-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies examining citizenship, ethnicity, and victimization risk have offered mixed findings. Despite this, works have largely focused upon direct-contact victimization, and do not offer insights into how this risk may vary across these dimensions for other crimes not characterized by direct contact, such as identity theft. This lack of understanding undermines abilities to tailor policies to effectively support vulnerable persons, and may potentially elevate risk of this costly crime among marginalized groups. Given this, the study aims to examine the associations between citizenship status, ethnicity and identity theft risk. Using a sample from the 2018 National Crime Victimization Survey’s Identity Theft Supplement (<i>n</i> = 71,984), logistic regression analyses examined the odds of identity theft. Lacking citizenship was associated with decreased odds of identity theft victimization, as was Hispanic ethnicity. However, Hispanic noncitizens faced higher relative risk than either noncitizens or Hispanic persons individually. Noncitizens’ decreased relative risk may stem from avoidance behaviors which reduce their suitability or exposure through a lifestyle-routine activities perspective. Hispanic noncitizens’ increased risk relative to others may stem from their doubly marginalized status. Future work is needed considering avoidance behaviors and citizenship status, to more clearly understand how these factors influence relative risk of victimization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 3","pages":"400 - 421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empirical Examination of Factors that Influence Official Decisions in Criminal Cases Against Police Officers 对影响针对警官的刑事案件中官方决定的因素的经验研究

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09756-w

Francis D. Boateng, Daniel K. Pryce, Michael K. Dzordzormenyoh, Ming-Li Hsieh, Alan Cuff

{"title":"Empirical Examination of Factors that Influence Official Decisions in Criminal Cases Against Police Officers","authors":"Francis D. Boateng, Daniel K. Pryce, Michael K. Dzordzormenyoh, Ming-Li Hsieh, Alan Cuff","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09756-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09756-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the current paper, we examine departmental and court decision-making in criminal cases against police officers. The study has two objectives: 1) to examine variables that impact departmental decisions in criminal cases against police officers, and 2) to examine factors that affect case disposition/conviction decisions by the courts. To achieve these objectives, we analyzed nationally representative arrest data using multiple statistical approaches. The results obtained revealed important patterns that are critical to our understanding of how the courts and police departments decide matters relating to police criminality. For instance, victim characteristics significantly influenced decision-making by both the police agency and the court. Also, officer characteristics and crime types were important indicators of how offending officers were punished by both the courts and the agencies that employed them. Specifically, officers whose cases involved child victims and officers who were not familiar with their victims had greater odds of being convicted. The implications of our findings for policy and research in policing, especially research on police misconduct, are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 3","pages":"462 - 484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-024-09756-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140437688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19’s Effect on Crisis Intervention Team Calls for Service in Houston COVID-19 对休斯顿危机干预小组服务呼叫的影响

IF 1.8 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-024-09757-9

Kyler R. Nielson, Yan Zhang

{"title":"COVID-19’s Effect on Crisis Intervention Team Calls for Service in Houston","authors":"Kyler R. Nielson, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12103-024-09757-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-024-09757-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research examining the effects of COVID-19 on the criminal legal system—including the demand for police services—is accumulating. However, few empirical inquiries have sought to examine the pandemic’s effect on mental health and wellbeing by analyzing calls for service (CFS) involving emotionally disturbed persons (EDP). This study examines CFS received pre- and post-pandemic by Houston’s crisis intervention team (CIT). By examining visual trends and using interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA), we analyze COVID-19’s immediate and long-term effects. In the current study we examine three distinct call types: (1) Risk to others; (2) Risk to self; and (3) Welfare calls. Findings demonstrate significant increases in the overall CFS after the implementation of the initial stay-at-home order in Houston, with some differences in trends based on call type. These findings further our understanding of COVID-19’s impact on mental health and wellbeing during the pandemic through the lens of the increased demand for police services. Specific implications for the study site department are discussed, and to the extent possible, general implications for other departments with CIT programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"49 4","pages":"531 - 551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0