American Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献_第2页

Justice and Mental Health: Bridging Divides and Fostering Reform 司法和心理健康：弥合分歧和促进改革

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09849-0

Ben Stickle

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Efficacy of a Justice-Mental Health Collaborative Program to Reduce Violence 评估司法-心理健康合作项目减少暴力的效果

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09829-4

Cassandra A. Atkin-Plunk, Vaughn J. Crichlow

引用次数: 0

Examining the Implementation of a Novel Pretrial Diversion Program for People with Serious Mental Illnesses 对严重精神疾病患者审前分流新方案实施情况的考察

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09830-x

Brianna J. Suslovic, Matthew W. Epperson, Alexa Cinque, Samantha Guz

{"title":"Examining the Implementation of a Novel Pretrial Diversion Program for People with Serious Mental Illnesses","authors":"Brianna J. Suslovic, Matthew W. Epperson, Alexa Cinque, Samantha Guz","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09830-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09830-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A Justice and Mental Health Collaborative (JMHC) was established in Cook County, Illinois with the primary goal of reducing lengthy jail stays and confinement in state psychiatric institutions for defendants with serious mental health concerns. A diverse group of stakeholders, including public defenders, prosecutors, judges, service providers, and researchers, developed a “Fitness Diversion Program” which began its pilot phase in 2019. This program sought to divert its target population away from cumbersome clinical exams for competency to stand trial. Upon successful completion of diversion programming, misdemeanor charges were dismissed. This manuscript analyzes programmatic development, implementation, and expansion through qualitative thematic analysis of interviews with stakeholders using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Qualitative analysis allowed the research team to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation, focusing on themes connected to each RE-AIM domain. This manuscript’s findings demonstrate a case of programmatic drift to accept a larger range of cases, highlighting the importance of programmatic flexibility, attention to sustainability and capacity, and efforts to divert individuals with serious mental illness from continued criminal-legal involvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 5","pages":"914 - 939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12103-025-09830-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Neuropsychological Consequences of being Arrested and Incarcerated 被逮捕和监禁的神经心理学后果

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09808-9

Muratova Alua, Kemeshov Rinat, Karazhanov Malik Dulatovich, Saktaganova Indira Sovetovna, Sairambaeva Zhuldyz Talgatovna, Kevin M. Beaver

{"title":"The Neuropsychological Consequences of being Arrested and Incarcerated","authors":"Muratova Alua, Kemeshov Rinat, Karazhanov Malik Dulatovich, Saktaganova Indira Sovetovna, Sairambaeva Zhuldyz Talgatovna, Kevin M. Beaver","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09808-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09808-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There has been growing interest in understanding the nexus between neuropsychological functioning and involvement in crime and delinquency among criminologists during the past few decades. Part of the reason for this interest is because there is a line of research showing that neuropsychological deficits are involved in the etiology of serious and violent offenders. At the same time, relatively little criminological research has focused on understanding what causes variation in neuropsychological functioning. There is some reason to believe, however, that being processed through the criminal justice system might confer an increased risk to developing deficits in neuropsychological functioning. The current study addressed this gap in the literature by examining data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. The results of the analysis revealed that being arrested and incarcerated were related to reductions in neuropsychological functioning in early adulthood for both males and females. When the analyses were confined only to those participants who had been arrested, being incarcerated had inconsistent effects on neuropsychological functioning for males and females.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 4","pages":"686 - 704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crimmigration in the wake of Title 42’s Summary Expulsions 在第42章的简易驱逐之后的犯罪移民

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09809-8

Bryan Holmes

{"title":"Crimmigration in the wake of Title 42’s Summary Expulsions","authors":"Bryan Holmes","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09809-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09809-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Administrative and criminal courts work in tandem to manage illegal immigration. Although administrative courts regulate most immigration, criminal court responses to immigration have grown over time due to, amongst other things, administrative case processing inefficiency. In March 2020, when standing at the precipice of a global health pandemic, the administrative system changed drastically with the Trump administration’s invocation of Title 42. Title 42 enabled the federal government to circumvent existing administrative procedures by summarily expelling undocumented immigrants whose introduction “posed a serious danger of communicable disease.” In this new era, administrative deportations were quicker, cheaper, and more certain than ever before and the administrative system was, in many ways, different from the one politicians criticized as “broken” for decades. Drawing on general systems theory, this study theorizes and tests hypotheses surrounding how criminal illegal re-entry case processing, demographics, and sentencing changed in the face of Title 42. Results suggest that Title 42’s invocation resulted in a smaller, and more “selectively serious,” criminal illegal re-entry caseload. In a sense, these results are promising. The ways to achieve criminal justice reform may be broader than often considered and administrative processing provides a means for individuals to avoid collateral consequences associated with criminal convictions. Nevertheless, relative to the criminal system, the administrative system demands lower burdens of proof and grants less extensive procedural safeguards. Against this backdrop, more research is needed to understand whether expanding administrative capacity justifies its end.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 4","pages":"616 - 640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Natural Hazards on Spatio-Temporal Patterns of (Violent) Crime in the United States 自然灾害对美国（暴力）犯罪时空格局的影响

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09805-y

Cody Delos Santos, Esther Boyle, Petar Jevtić, Melanie Gall

{"title":"Effects of Natural Hazards on Spatio-Temporal Patterns of (Violent) Crime in the United States","authors":"Cody Delos Santos, Esther Boyle, Petar Jevtić, Melanie Gall","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09805-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09805-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The consensus that disasters do not cause an increase in crime rates is receiving renewed attention. In recent years, research has emerged that challenges this consensus by positing that crime rates and the type of crime may vary depending on the phase of the emergency. To address this, this research utilizes comprehensive crime data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System and hazard event data from the Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States. Employing regression discontinuity design principles, swaths of linear regression models across different time scales are fitted, yielding nearly 120 statistically significant coefficients. The findings reveal correlations between certain natural hazard types and changes in crime rates. For instance, a correlation between winter weather hazard events and a subsequent drop in crime rates is observed whereas severe thunderstorms were associated with an increase in crime rates. Additionally, an increase in crime rates following natural hazard events that were observed in the shorter time scales (e.g., hail, tornadoes) did not persist into the longer time scale, where negative treatment effects and a negative change in trend were found. These results shed light on the complex relationship between natural hazards and crime rates, providing valuable insights for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and other stakeholders. Given that the intensity and frequency of natural hazards are on the rise, a better understanding of these dynamics can increase the efficiency of resource allocation for public safety and target the deployment of law enforcement more effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 4","pages":"585 - 615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skin Tone and Criminal Sentencing Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review 肤色与美国刑事判决结果：系统回顾

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09804-z

Christopher E. Baidoo, Sharran N. Burney, Erika L. Sabbath

{"title":"Skin Tone and Criminal Sentencing Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review","authors":"Christopher E. Baidoo, Sharran N. Burney, Erika L. Sabbath","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09804-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09804-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While Black-identified offenders are sentenced more harshly than White-identified offenders, there has been limited exploration of skin tone’s influence on sentencing. We aimed to systematically review the association between offender skin tone and criminal sentencing outcomes. Guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, we searched seven databases. We included studies that used official measures of sentence type or length of incarceration. We assessed risk of bias using a modified version of the Critical Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. Results were narratively synthesized. Seven studies met inclusion criteria; of these, three had low risk of bias. Three studies measured sentence type, finding that darker skin tones were associated with harsher sentence types. Studies with greater risks of bias generally found associations between darker skin tones and longer sentences; low-risk studies did not find such associations. Included studies generally found associations between offender skin tone and sentencing outcomes, but methodological and contextual differences and limitations may explain heterogeneity in findings. Driven by differences and limitations, we offer a roadmap for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 4","pages":"749 - 775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reentry Planning of the Future?: A Balanced Critique of Web-based Reentry Planning Applications 未来的重返地球计划？对基于网络的再入计划应用程序的平衡批评

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09803-0

Samuel J. A. Scaggs, Christine H. Lindquist, Hannah G. Cortina, Megan R. Nyce

{"title":"Reentry Planning of the Future?: A Balanced Critique of Web-based Reentry Planning Applications","authors":"Samuel J. A. Scaggs, Christine H. Lindquist, Hannah G. Cortina, Megan R. Nyce","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09803-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09803-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional approaches to reentry programming, which tend to be deficit-based and involve individuals passively, have met with mixed results. New approaches are clearly needed and strategies that incorporate innovative technologies to facilitate greater information sharing across reentry stakeholders and encourage individuals to take responsibility for their own reentry planning, carry great promise for improving reentry outcomes. To support these objectives, a relatively novel reentry planning application (app), Pokket, is intended to enhance reentry programming and reduce recidivism by enabling the sharing of client-level data across reentry stakeholders and empowering individuals to take ownership over their reentry. Despite the promise of this technology and its expanded use across correctional systems, little research has investigated its utility in supporting returning citizens and the service providers who work with them. In this paper, we offer a balanced critique of web-based reentry planning app adoption by applying the first three stages of the evaluation hierarchy framework during our experience of evaluating the implementation of this technology in North Carolina prisons. Specifically, we examine the need, theoretical underpinnings, and implementation of Pokket. We conclude by presenting considerations for other agencies and organizations that are considering leveraging this technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 4","pages":"721 - 748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Item Values and Prior Offenses: An Examination of Key Elements in Shoplifting Charging Decisions in a Rural Jurisdiction 项目价值与前科：农村地区入店行窃指控决定的关键因素考察

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09800-3

Amanda Cook-Cox, Christina M. Loftin, David C. May

引用次数: 0

Unwanted Pregnancies and Unwanted Laws: Public Support for the Criminalization of Abortion and the Consequences for Criminal Justice Officials 意外怀孕和意外法律：公众支持将堕胎定为刑事犯罪及其对刑事司法官员的影响

IF 2 2区社会学

American Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-025-09802-1

Ben Brown

{"title":"Unwanted Pregnancies and Unwanted Laws: Public Support for the Criminalization of Abortion and the Consequences for Criminal Justice Officials","authors":"Ben Brown","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09802-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12103-025-09802-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For roughly half a century, from 1973 to 2022, a woman’s autonomy to have an abortion was a constitutionally protected right. The situation changed in 2022 when the Supreme Court ruled in <i>Dobbs v. Jackson</i> that the Constitution does not confer the right to have an abortion and more than a dozen states enacted statutory abortion bans which make the performance of the procedure a felony offense. The present study provides analyses of survey data on public support for the criminalization of abortion gathered from a random sample of more than 1,500 respondents subsequent to the Court’s ruling in <i>Dobbs v. Jackson</i> and the enactment of the abortion bans. The results of the analyses show that more than three out of four respondents opposed laws which proscribe abortion, with support for the criminalization of abortion being most significantly impacted by political ideology and religious beliefs. The finding that there is a paucity of public support for the recently enacted statutory abortion bans suggest that the statutes undermine the principles of democracy, erode the legitimacy of the law, are unlikely to be willingly obeyed, and create multiple challenges for criminal justice officials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51509,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"50 4","pages":"641 - 663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0