European Journal of Criminology最新文献_第9页

The role of deprivation and alcohol availability in shaping trends in violent crime 剥夺和酗酒在形成暴力犯罪趋势中的作用

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211036081

C. Lightowlers, J. Pina-Sánchez, Fiona McLaughlin

{"title":"The role of deprivation and alcohol availability in shaping trends in violent crime","authors":"C. Lightowlers, J. Pina-Sánchez, Fiona McLaughlin","doi":"10.1177/14773708211036081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211036081","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that both deprivation and alcohol availability are associated with violent crime. However, less is known about whether the former moderates the latter. Pioneering the linkage of novel alcohol availability measures derived from consumer data with police data and an index of deprivation, we examine inequalities in violent crime across small-level geography (LSOAs) for the whole of England. Our findings confirmed a recent upward trend in recorded violent crime in England between 2011 and 2018 and substantial between-area variability in recorded violent crime, as well as an increase in violent crime inequality across LSOAs during the period of analysis. Violent crime was higher in areas with increased deprivation and alcohol availability, especially in the form of on-licensed premises. On-licence availability, in the form of pubs, bars and nightclubs, explained variability in recorded violent crime more so when compared with off-licence availability. A positive interaction effect between alcohol availability (in the form of on-licensed premises) and deprivation showed how deprivation amplified the impact of alcohol availability, with more deprived areas having a stronger impact of on-licence availability on violent crime. Deprivation is thus an important contextual factor when considering rates and the social ecology of violence. Our findings suggest a need to respond to the disproportionate impact of violence on areas with higher levels of deprivation and availability of on-licensed premises.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"738 - 757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/14773708211036081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49380558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Community sanctions in youth justice compared to other youth crime responses: A meta-analysis 青少年司法中的社区制裁与其他青少年犯罪反应的比较:一项元分析

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211035305

Gwendolyn J. Koops-Geuze, F. Weerman

{"title":"Community sanctions in youth justice compared to other youth crime responses: A meta-analysis","authors":"Gwendolyn J. Koops-Geuze, F. Weerman","doi":"10.1177/14773708211035305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211035305","url":null,"abstract":"This meta-analysis examines the official recidivism effects of two types of community sanctions in youth justice, namely community service and behavioural intervention programmes. Two analyses were conducted: a comparison between the effects of community sanctions and custodial sanctions, versus a comparison between the effects of community sanctions and dismissals. Following a systematic literature search, data extraction and analysis, mean effect sizes were calculated utilizing (log) odds ratio as the main effect measure. To explore heterogeneity, a meta-regression was conducted with four moderator variables: methodological rigour, referral stage, main focus of sanction and sample risk level. The hypotheses were that recidivism would be significantly lower for delinquent youth subject to community sanctions compared with those subject to custodial sanctions, but that differences in recidivism between delinquent youth subject to community sanctions versus dismissals would be insignificant. In total, 23 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion (Ncust = 7, Ndism = 16). Final results were in favour of the hypotheses, namely, significantly lower recidivism rates for community sanctions compared with custodial sanctions, and no significant differences for community sanctions compared with dismissals. For both comparisons, the 95% confidence interval indicated the effects varied from just below zero to substantially in favour of community sanctions. Finally, moderator analysis revealed that studies of lower methodological quality and mixed referral stages were more likely to report larger effect sizes.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"758 - 781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46639298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Examining experiential fear of crime using STUNDA: Findings from a smartphone-based experience methods study 使用STUNDA检查对犯罪的体验恐惧：基于智能手机的体验方法研究结果

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211035301

Alexander Engström, Karl Kronkvist

{"title":"Examining experiential fear of crime using STUNDA: Findings from a smartphone-based experience methods study","authors":"Alexander Engström, Karl Kronkvist","doi":"10.1177/14773708211035301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211035301","url":null,"abstract":"Situational data have become more frequently used in research on offending and victimization. However, one outcome that has received less attention is fear of crime. The current study uses situational data collected through a smartphone application (STUNDA) to examine fear of crime as it is experienced in daily life among a sample of university students. Roughly 1200 situations reported by 129 students were analysed using generalized estimating equations. The results indicate that experiential fear of crime, in the form of worrying about victimization, is related to features of the immediate settings. More specifically, the odds ratio for experiencing fear of crime is significantly higher in places away from home and after dark, whereas social activities are associated with a significantly lower odds ratio, net of individual-level controls (gender, age, previous victimization and fear propensity). Yet, fear propensity, measured here using items that refer to an individual’s general worry about victimization, has an independent significant effect on fear of crime. As a result of the study’s convenience sample, the generalizability of the findings is limited, but a more general theoretical conclusion can nonetheless be drawn; features of settings and individual characteristics are both of importance. Further, the use of experience methods via a smartphone application provided detailed and unique situational data, which suggests that future research should further employ these methods to study situational phenomena such as fear of crime.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"693 - 711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/14773708211035301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48305249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Gang members and extremists in Switzerland: Similarities and differences 瑞士的帮派成员和极端分子：异同

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211029833

S. Haymoz, D. Baier, Cédric Jacot, Patrik Manzoni, Maria Kamenowski, Anna Isenhardt

{"title":"Gang members and extremists in Switzerland: Similarities and differences","authors":"S. Haymoz, D. Baier, Cédric Jacot, Patrik Manzoni, Maria Kamenowski, Anna Isenhardt","doi":"10.1177/14773708211029833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211029833","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars rarely compare youth gangs members and extremists. Yet, studies of gangs can yield relevant information on extremist groups, and vice versa. This article compares youth gang members with left-wing, right-wing and Islamist extremists. The aims of this article are to determine the prevalence of gang members and extremists among young people in Switzerland, to determine the overlap, if any, between gang members and extremists, and to analyse the differences and similarities of individual characteristics among the gang members and extremists, their delinquency and victimization. Comparisons of such groups may provide important insights into the individual members of these groups. The similarities between gang members and extremists could give us information for the prevention programmes. The study was based on a self-report survey completed by 8317 students of non-compulsory school age (about 17 years old) and living in Switzerland. The results show greater numbers of young people affiliated with gangs (6.6 percent) and left-wing extremism (6.2 percent), and more similarities between the members of gangs and left-wing extremists, compared with the other forms of extremism.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"672 - 692"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/14773708211029833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41416923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inequality and penality: The hidden side of a complex relationship 不平等与惩罚:复杂关系的隐藏面

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211028179

Charlotte Vanneste

引用次数: 0

Proterrence, rule illegitimacy, and the ban on tobacco smoke in Amsterdam's coffeeshops 歧视，非法统治，以及禁止在阿姆斯特丹的咖啡店吸烟

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211037264

Scott Jacques, B. Jacobs

引用次数: 0

Mental health, substance abuse, prison victimization and suicide attempts amongst incarcerated women 被监禁妇女的心理健康、药物滥用、监狱受害和自杀企图

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211028471

F. Caravaca-Sánchez, T. Barry, E. Aizpurua, J. Ricarte

{"title":"Mental health, substance abuse, prison victimization and suicide attempts amongst incarcerated women","authors":"F. Caravaca-Sánchez, T. Barry, E. Aizpurua, J. Ricarte","doi":"10.1177/14773708211028471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211028471","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, incarcerated women are known to suffer adverse experiences that might increase the risk of suicide attempts during incarceration. The present investigation examines the prevalence of suicide attempts amongst incarcerated women in Spain and the factors associated with this. Between January and March of 2017 a total of 174 women, enrolled from two prisons in the southeast of Spain, completed anonymous self-report measures of demographic variables, penitentiary and sentence-related variables, mental distress (including depression, anxiety and stress), perceived social support, substance use (including alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine, heroin and hallucinogens), prison victimization (property, verbal, physical and sexual victimization) and suicide attempts. Overall, 15.5 percent of women reported they had attempted suicide during their current incarceration. Compared with women who did not report suicide attempts, multivariate analysis showed that women reporting suicide attempts were more likely to report lower education levels, in-prison substance use, victimization and higher levels of mental distress. In order to prevent suicide amongst incarcerated women, victimization in all its forms, emotional distress and drug abuse in women with lower education levels should be considered highly targetable variables.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"653 - 671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/14773708211028471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48699798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Regulatory voids in the prevention of environmental crime in Finland 芬兰预防环境犯罪的监管空白

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211020634

I. Sahramäki, T. Kankaanranta

{"title":"Regulatory voids in the prevention of environmental crime in Finland","authors":"I. Sahramäki, T. Kankaanranta","doi":"10.1177/14773708211020634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211020634","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing concern about environmental issues has heightened the need for the effective enforcement of environmental regulations and for research supporting these efforts. This study incorporates intersectoral analysis and examines regulatory voids. The aim is to analyse whether regulatory voids exist and how they affect the enforcement efforts related to the prevention, supervision and detection of illicit waste activities and, furthermore, waste crime in Finland. The Delphi method is used to analyse different aspects of regulatory voids in enforcement and crime prevention. The three-round Delphi comprised a panel of 74 participants from different sectors and had a significantly high response rate: 91 percent in the first round, 82 percent in the second and 80 percent in the third, respectively. Not only do the findings indicate that political, institutional and knowledge-regulatory voids exist, the study also suggests that the knowledge void should be further divided into informational and professional void – and, as such, there are actually four regulatory voids to be found that should be analysed. Findings also suggest that there is lack of consensus on regulatory enforcement, severe challenges in the flow of information and insufficient resources, which together form a contradictory regulatory regime based on trust between regulators and regulatees, on the one hand, and underlying assumptions of foul play, on the other. The study concludes that enforcement authorities walk a regulatory tightrope between compliance with and punishment of regulatory strategies, trying during the course of their work to avoid falling into the regulatory voids.","PeriodicalId":51475,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Criminology","volume":"20 1","pages":"604 - 625"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/14773708211020634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Jihadist prisoners in Spain and the application of the high security prison regime 西班牙的圣战囚犯与高度安全监狱制度的适用

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211018946

Inmaculada Marrero Rocha, Salvador Berdún Carrión

引用次数: 0

Muslim narratives of desistance among Norwegian street criminals: Stories of reconciliation, purification and exclusion 挪威街头罪犯中的穆斯林沉默叙事：和解、净化和排斥的故事

IF 1.9 3区社会学

European Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.1177/14773708211018648

Marius Linge

引用次数: 5